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Biomedical subjects

S Kumar

Publications and source records attributed to S Kumar.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Primary cutaneous Hodgkin's disease with evolution to systemic disease. Association with the Epstein-Barr virus.

Hodgkin's disease rarely involves the skin and when it does is an indication of advanced stage disease. Primary cutaneous Hodgkin's disease is exceedingly rare, and only a few cases are reported. We describe a patient who developed multiple cutaneous lesions of Hodgkin's disease 2 years before manifesting nodal disease of mixed cellularity subtype. Reed-Sternberg cells in the skin as well as lymph nodes and bone marrow were positive for Epstein-Barr viral transcripts and expressed viral latent membrane protein. Epstein-Barr virus has not previously been demonstrated in primary cutaneous Hodgkin's disease, and its presence in lesions in all sites in this case supports a diagnosis of primary cutaneous disease with subsequent evolution into systemic disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Cutis laxa.

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Cutis Laxa↗
PubMed1996

Genodermatoses.

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Humans↗
PubMed1996

Arterial complications of pancreatitis and their radiological management.

Arterial haemorrhage from pseudoaneurysm in pancreatitis patients is a formidable complication with a high mortality rate. We encountered six patients in whom a pseudoaneurysm was demonstrated at angiography. Drainage of associated pseudocyst facilitated visualization in one patient. Four patients had pseudoaneurysms arising from the proximal part of the major peripancreatic vessels and were treated by steel coil embolization (n = 3) and surgically (n = 1). There was no episode of rebleeding in these patients during a follow-up period of 10-18 months. Of the two patients with distal small peripancreatic branch vessel involvement hydrogel particle and gelfoam embolization was successful only temporarily in one patient and unsuccessful in the other patient. The literature is reviewed and the efficacy of steel coil embolization is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Induction of labour for trial of vaginal birth after caesarean section in a remote district hospital.

In a retrospective review of 79 women with 1 or more previous Caesarean section, 33 (41.8%) women agreed to a trial of vaginal birth. Twenty nine women had labour induced and 26 (89.7%) of them had a successful vaginal delivery. Four women laboured spontaneously and 1 of them needed an emergency Caesarean section for failure to progress. The overall vaginal delivery rate for women selected to undergo a trial of vaginal birth after Caesarean was 87.9%. The overall emergency Caesarean section rate was 4 of 33 (12.1%). During the study period the Caesarean section rate for the hospital fell from 32.2% to 11%. This study suggests that induction of labour in women with a previous Caesarean section is very successful in achieving vaginal delivery and has a role to play in remote and rural hospitals.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Role of endoscopy in retrieval of misplaced intrauterine device.

We report a series of 45 patients with misplaced intrauterine devices (30 extrauterine and 15 intrauterine). Only those patients with intrauterine misplacements in whom conventional blind removal was not possible were included in the study. All of the 15 misplaced intrauterine devices could be removed hysteroscopically; 22 of the 30 extrauterine misplaced devices (73%) could be removed laparoscopically. One patient required both laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. Only 7 (15.5%) of 45 patients required laparotomy for safe removal of misplaced devices. Considerable comfort and minimal hospital stay associated with endoscopic procedures should offer these as the first line attempt to remove a misplaced intrauterine or extrauterine translocated device.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Effect of beta adrenergic receptor blockade on cardiac autonomic tone in patients with chronic stable angina.

Decreased heart rate variability, which may be due to increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity, has been shown to be predictor of cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction. The present study was undertaken to analyze the effect of beta adrenergic blockade on cardiac autonomic system in patients with chronic stable angina. Nineteen patients (15 males and 4 females, age range 44-74 years) with chronic stable angina were enrolled. After stopping all cardiac medications, patients had two baseline treadmill tests with both reproducible angina and ST depression and a baseline 48-hour ambulatory ECG recording. A long-acting beta-blocker (atenolol or betaxolol) was started and titrated to the maximal tolerated dose. After 1-2 months, a repeat 48-hour ambulatory ECG recording on beta-blocker therapy was obtained. Heart rate variability analysis was performed on the baseline and drug therapy ECG recordings. The average heart rate significantly decreased (P < 0.008), and the mean RR interval significantly increased (P < 0.0001). In the time-domain analysis, the standard deviation, variance, ASDNN5, and SDANN5 were not significantly affected, although the PNN50 increased. In the frequency domain, the total power (P < 0.0001) and the low frequency (P < 0.001) components decreased, while the high frequency spectrum was unchanged. Thus, sympathetic activity significantly declined in patients with chronic stable angina on beta-blocker therapy, while parasympathetic tone demonstrated a heterogenous response.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1996

Treatment of thyrotoxicosis resistant to carbimazole with corticosteroids.

We report two patients whose thyrotoxicosis failed to respond to conventional treatment with carbimazole. The patients remained persistently hyperthyroid, both clinically and biochemically, despite several months of carbimazole therapy at the maximum recommended doses. Prednisolone 20 mg per day was then given in addition to the antithyroid drug and a dramatic response observed in both cases. They were then successfully treated with radioiodine. Prednisolone has not been previously used to treat patients with hyperthyroidism who have not responded to thionamide drugs. Our experience suggests that corticosteroids may be potentially useful for controlling thyrotoxicosis in combination with carbimazole before definite treatment can be instituted.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Increased expression of TGF-beta 1 in brain tissue after ischemic stroke in humans.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Occlusion in cerebral vessels results in ischemic stroke and is followed by proliferation of microvessels, ie, angiogenesis. The process is particularly marked in the border zone of the infarct, known as the ischemic penumbra. This increase in vascularization is likely to be caused by the action of angiogenic factors, such as TGF-beta 1, which is a powerful regulator of angiogenesis. METHODS: In this study we examined 10 brain samples from patients who suffered from ischemic stroke for the expression of mRNA encoding TGF-beta 1. RESULTS: The ischemic penumbra contained the highest levels of TGF-beta 1 mRNA, whereas the normal contralateral hemispheres had the least (P < .001, Mann-Whitney U test). Unlike those from normal brain, protein extracts from infarcted tissue contained active TGF-beta 1 as a 25-kD band in Western blot analysis. Extracts from the penumbra also contained a 12.5-kD isoform of TGF-beta 1. Both penumbra and infarct contained TGF-beta 1 immunoreactive products as assessed with immunohistochemistry, whereas very weak staining was observed in the contralateral hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that TGF-beta 1 is important in the pathogenesis of the angiogenic response in ischemic brain tissue and its modulation may be used for therapeutic purposes.

Aged↗