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Biomedical subjects

S Kullander

Publications and source records attributed to S Kullander.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of dihydroergotamine on coagulation factors and components of the fibrinolytic system.

Dihydroergotamine (DHE) was given to 20 gynecological patients, 0.5 mg i.m. preoperatively and again every twelfth hour for 7 days. No cases of thrombosis occurred as judged by the 125I-fibrinogen test. Increased concentrations, but within normal range, were found for fibrinogen factor VIII activity and related antigen, plasminogen and antithrombin III and decreased concentration for alpha 2-macroglobulin. The fibrinolytic activity of the wall of a superficial hand vein was not suppressed, which otherwise occurs postoperatively. Together with the increased concentration of antithrombin III this might explain the potentiating effect of DHE or prophylactic treatment with low-dose heparin.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Bacterial infection in relation to pain and irregular bleeding in women using IUD.

Pain and metrorrhagia in women using IUDs are often the reason for removing the IUD. In 54 women where the IUD was removed, uterine fluid for bacteriologic cultures was taken from the removed IUD. There was a correlation between positive cultures and symptoms of pain and metrorrhagia. Spotty bleeding caused by microtraumata and increased fibrinolytic activity of the IUD might thus consitute a substrate for bacterial invasion resulting in endometritis and in turn increased bleeding and pain. In 18 male consorts of females with positive cultures, asymptomatic bacteriospermia was found. Treatment offered alleviated symptoms. Removal of the IUD need thus not be necessary.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1979

Bromocriptine treatment of the premenstrual syndrome.

Bromocriptine, 2.5 mg twice a day was tested for its effect on premenstrual tension in a random double-blind cross-over trial. 1. The compound tended to lessen the symptoms, especially mastodynia. 2. Serum prolactin levels around the upper limit of the normal range were significantly lowered. Patients with the highest starting prolaction levels had the most severe symptoms and in these patients the fall in the levels was greatest. 3. Serum FSH and LH levels were significantly reciprocally influenced compared with serum prolactin. Serum estradiol-17-beta and progesterone did not change during treatment. 4. The bromocriptine-treated cycles were all ovulatory according to basal temperature levels. The luteal phase was prolonged when serum FSH was raised.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Heterogeneous response of disseminated human ovarian cancers to cytostatics in vitro.

Cell suspensions from nine human ovarian primary cancers, their metastases and ascitic cells were treated in vitro with amethopterin and melphalan. Effects were measured by incorporation of H3-TdR or H3-UdR into the cells. There was significant heterogeneity of cytostatic effects on cells from the three sources in a given patient. Ascitic cells did nt represent a "mean" of the cancer cell clones. The implications of these findings should be considered if cytostatic in vitro prediction tests are used to guide cytostatic treatment of patients.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1979

On improved outcome of twin pregnancies.

During the past four years, an attempt has been made in Malmö to reduce the frequency of preterm termination of twin pregnancies. For this purpose, the entire pregnant population of this medium-sized city was subjected to general ultrasonic screening in the second trimester. This detected 88 per cent of the twin pregnancies. The screening has a methodological error of 2 per cent. Eightysix of the women with twin pregnancy were subjected to bedrest in hospital for more than two weeks in the second half of gestation. The incidences of twins born with birth weight below 1 500 g and of twins light-for-gestational-age were reduced compared with those a decade earlier. Also the group of twins born before the 37th week decreased, and the perinatal mortality rate fell to the same level as in singleton pregnancies. Early detection of twin pregnancies followed by rest for the pregnant women seems to contribute to an improved outcome of these gestations.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1978

On receptors for estrogens (E2) and androgens (DHT) in human endometrial carcinoma and ovarian tumours.

Some human endometrial carcinomas contain receptors for estrogen (E2) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Analysis of 50 primary endometrial carcinomas by agar gel electrophoresis revealed a varying receptor pattern, absence of both receptors, sole presence of E2- or DHT- receptor, or presence of both. Highly differentiated tumours often had receptors of both types (7/18) and poorly differentiated tumours most often lacked them (1/10). Primary tumours with metastases (Stages III-IV) seldom had combined receptors, only in 2 cases out of 9. Growth of the tumour down in the cervical canal (Stage II) implied absence of combined receptors in all of the 13 cases studied. In 8 different ovarian tumours, presence of either E2- or DHT-receptors was found in 6. The findings are discussed in relation to hormonal treatment of the disease.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Human ovarian tumours heterotransplanted to "nude" mice.

22 different human ovarian tumours were heterotransplanted subcutaneously to female "nude" mice. When small tissue pieces were used 10 out of 16 tumours grew. Subcutaneous injections of suspended tumour cells were made to 11 mice: all failed. Metastatic or infiltrative growth was never seen in the mice observed for up to 25-40 days. Material from each tumour was transplanted to four separate sites in two mice. The successful grafts largely retained the original morphological features. As measured with H3-thymidine incorporation, DNA-synthesis was also similar in the original tumours and the growing grafts. This animal in vivo model might be highly informative for the study of inter alia fundamental biology, chemotherapy, and irradiation of ovarian tumours.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Antineoplastic-drug effect evaluated with a new X-ray stereophotographic measurement of the tumour volume.

A method for determination and follow up of the size of inoperable intraabdominal tumours has been devised. At laparotomy, tantalum balls are deposited into the capsule of the tumour. An X-ray stereophotogrammetric method determines their position, which define a polyhedron whose volume can be computer calculated. The value of the method was proved in four patients with inoperable ovarian carcinoma, which provides a simple way for the continuous follow up of the effect of antineoplastic therapy in advanced malignant tumours.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Intrauterine breathing movements and fetal presentation.

Fetal breathing movements in 14 twin pregnancies were examined with ultrasonic technique. The twin fetuses I in cephalic presentation showed a significantly higher percentage of apnea and periodic breathing compared with twin fetuses II. No such difference was found in twin pairs with Twin ti in breech presentation. Also in the control group of 27 singleton pregnancies, the fetuses in cephalic presentation had a higher incidence of apnea and periodic breathing than those in breech presentation. The position of the fetus seems to be decisive for the character of the breathing movements before birth.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Coagulative and fibrinolytic studies on postmenopausal women treated with a new non-steroidal oestrogen.

Treatment of postmenopausal women with a non-steroid oestrogen (P1496) in a dose of 50 mg a day for 2 ,days before operation for prolapse did not suppress the histochemically determined fibrinolytic activator content of the vessel wall. Neither was any change found in the concentration of P&P-complex (prothrombin, factor VII, factor X), factor VIII, antithrombin III, alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha2-macroglobulin or the inhibitors of urokinase induced plasminogen activation. Nothing suggested a thrombogenic effect of this non-steroidal oestrogenic compound.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Fever and parturition. An experimental study in rabbits.

The hyperthermic effect of purified lipopolysaccharides (Pyrexal, Wander) was tested and analyzed in pregnant rabbits. The fever produced premature deliveries - probably caused by oxytocin, released from the posterior pituitary - in 50% of 40 tested rabbits on the 31st day of gestation. Injections of Syntocinon had a roughly equally strong effect. In control animals injection of saline did not accelerate delivery. The offspring of several animals, in which hyperthermia had been induced, were born dead. Fever during pregnancy thus can result in premature delivery and in injury to the fetus. Fever and febrile conditions occurring during pregnancy should therefore be treated as promptly and as effectively as possible.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Ultrasound and human-placental-lactogen screening early detection of twin pregnancies.

In the past five years gradual introduction of ultrasonic screening of pregnant women increased the ante-partum detection of multiple pregnancy from 60% in 1971 to 95% in the first half of 1975. At the same time the average gestational age for dection of multiple pregnancies diminished from thirty-three to twenty-five weeks. The corresponding figures for 1963 were 32% and thirty-six weeks. Plasma human-placental-lactogen concentrations were assessed for their value in selecting a smaller target group for subsequent ultrasonic screening. All but 2 of 39 twin pregnancies examined by single H.P.L. determinations had H.P.L. values more than 1 S.D. above the mean of the normal distribution. The use of plasma-H.P.L. screening might lower the proportion of patients requiring ultrasonography for antepartum diagnosis of multiple pregnancies to 16% of the total pregnant population.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1976

A prospective study of drugs and pregnancy. I. Psychopharmaca.

A prospective study has been performed on the use of psychopharmaca during 6 376 pregnancies and its correlation to certain socio-medical variables and pregnancy outcome. An association between drug use and later miscarriage or legal abortion was demonstrated and is conceivably due to an increased use of such drugs in unwanted pregnancies. No indication of an association between drug use and birth of a dead or defective infant was found. Pregnancies where psychopharmaca were used during the first trimester had, on average, a longer duration than pregnancies where such drugs were not used, but birth weight of full-term infants was not affected.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1976

On radiation-decreased fibrinolytic activity of vessel walls.

Fibrinolytic activity was histochemically determined in biopsy specimens of the walls of human veins (vv. epigastricae superficiales) obtained from 15 patients after irradiation of the lower abdomen because of malignant genital diseases and compared with non-irradiated controls. The activity was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) after radiotherapy.

Female↗
PubMed1976

A prospective study of drugs and pregnancy. II. Anti-emetic drugs.

In a prospective study of anti-emetic drug use during 6 376 pregnancies, the previously demonstrated negative correlation between the use of such drugs and miscarriage was confirmed. It is probably completely due to less frequent and possibly less severe morning sickness complaints in pregnancies ending with a miscarriage. A slight positive correlation is found between the use of anti-emetics and infant malformation. A detailed analysis showed that this was mainly due to a high incidence of drug use (mainly promethazine) among women giving birth to infants with congenital dislocation of the hip. The probable indirect relationship is discussed.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗