Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to S Kubo.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. 2. Derivatives/analogues of dibenz[b,e]oxepin-3-acetic acid.

6,11-Dhydro-11-oxodibenz[b,e]oxepins and some related compounds have been synthesized and evaluated for antiinflammatory effect according to the carrageenan paw edema method in rats. The structure-activity relationships have been discussed among acetic acid, carboxylic acid, alcohol, and tetrazole derivatives of dibenzoxepins and acetic acid derivatives of thienobenzoxepins and of the corresponding thiepins. The 3-isopropyl alcohol 9 and 11-deoxo-3-propionic acid (49) were more active than indomethacin but not as active as the title compound (i.e., 43). Carboxylic acids, tetrazoles, esters, amides, and ketones were less active than the corresponding acetic acids. Three compounds (31, 33, and 34) were evaluated for ulcerogenicity and lethality but none surpassed 6,11-dihydro-11-oxodibenz[b,e]oxepin-3-acetic acid (41) in therapeutic ratio.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A double-blind controlled study of clinical efficacy of maprotiline and amitriptyline in depression.

A multiclinic double-blind controlled study was performed on the effects of MAP in both inpatients and outpatients with AMT as control drug. 1. Subjects consisted of 41 male and 45 female patients suffering from various types of depression. MAP was assigned to 42 cases and AMT to 44 cases. Of these patients, 14 MAP cases and 10 AMT cases were subsequently dropped for a variety of reasons to obtain 28 MAP cases and 34 AMT cases as evaluable. 2. The global improvement ratings were compared and found not significantly different for any week between the two treatments. 3. The global improvement ratings by the characteristic features of patients did not show any significant difference in any items studied between the two treatments. 4. The symptomatic improvement ratings (on the Hamilton R.S. for assessment by the physician) indicated that AMT was more effective on "anxiety (psychic)." 5. The symptomatic improvement ratings (on the Beck self-assessment scale by the patient) indicated that MAP was more effective on "work" and AMT on "pathos", "feeling of satisfaction", "withdrawal" and "loss of libido." 6. During the treament period, 74.3 percent of the MAP group and 76.9 percent of the AMT group of patients showed some side effects of accompanying symptoms, with no significant difference recognized between the two treatments. Itemwise, however, the incidence of tremor was significantly lower (p-=0.06) in the MAP group. Moreover, the MAP group tended to be less liable to such anticholinergic side effects as dry mouth, constipation, trouble of accomodation, urinary disturbance and palpitation. 7. On the basis of the above findings, it is concluded that MAP is as effective against depression as AMT and less liable to the anticholinergic side effects. It is, therefore, a very useful antidepressant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Complement fixation antibodies to glycosphingolipids in sera of rare blood group p and Pk phenotypes.

Blood group P antigen and Pk antigen were recently identified as glycosphingolipid globoside, GalNAc(beta, 1 leads to 3)Gal(alpha, 1 leads to 4)Gas(beta, 1 leads to 4)Glc(beta, 1 leads to 1)ceramide, and trihexosylceramide, Gal(alpha, 1 leads to 4)Gal(beta, 1 leads to 4)Gld(beta, 1 leads to 1)ceramide, respectively (Naiki & Marcus, 1974). The presence of antibodies to both antigens in the sera from rare p donors and antibodies to P antigen in the serum from a rare Pk donor were first demonstrated by the complement fixation test with the optimal antigen preparations containing each purified glycoplipid, lecithin and cholesterol. In the serum from a p donor, most of antibody population of anti-P was IgM and was cross-reacted to Forssman glycolipid, GalNAc(alpha, 1 leads to 3)GalNAc(beta, 1 leads to 3)Gal(alpha, 1 leads to 4)Gal(beta, 1 leads to 4)Glc(beta 1 leads to 1) ceramide, but the rest of the anti-P antibodies and most of anti-Pk antibodies were IgG and had marked specificities for globoside and trihexosylceramide, respectively.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1978

Sodium metabolism in essential hypertension. Natriuretic response to acute hypertonic saline load.

In order to investigate the mechanism of the "exaggerated natriuresis" in hypertension, 300 ml of 3% saline was infused for 1 hour during hydropenia in 13 patients with normal renin essential hypertension and 5 normotensive subjects on a daily ingestion of 4 Gm and 16 Gm of NaCl. At the end of the infusion, the circulating blood volume indicated by the change in serum total protein concentration and the glomerular filtered load were increased in a similar manner in both groups. Prompt the enhanced natriuresis and diuresis were seen within 1--2 hours after starting the infusion in the hypertensives on a daily ingestion of 16 Gm of NaCl. Significant positive correlations were found between the change in mean arterial blood pressure (deltaMAP) and UV, and between deltaMAP and UNa V in the hypertensives either on a daily 4 Gm or 16 Gm ingestion of NaCl. Free water reabsorption (Tc H2O) was lower in the hypertensives than that in the controls at high levels of osmolar clearance (Cosm). Plasma renin activity (PRA) did not differ in either group on either NaCl ingestion and was equally suppressed on a daily ingestion of 4 Gm of NaCl, while little changed on a high salt intake. Plasma aldosterone levels changed in parallel with PRA. It is suggested that the "exaggerated natriuresis" is due to the decreased tubular sodium reabsorption, which may be the result of intrarenal hemodynamic changes related to the elevated renal perfusion pressure. The decreased medullary osmolar gradient probably induced by an increase in the medullary blood flow is a possible contributing factor in the enhanced sodium and water excretion, and the renin-aldosterone system does not seem to play an important role.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1977

Isolation and molecular size of Clostridium botulinum type C toxin.

A procedure is described for the purification of hemagglutinin-free Clostridium botulinum type C toxin. The toxin was purified approximately 1,000-fold from the original culture supernatant in an overall yield of 60% to a final specific toxicity of 4.4 x 10(7) minimal lethal doses/mg of protein. The toxin had a molecular weight of 141,000 and consisted of a heavy and a light chain. The molecular weights of the subunits were approximately 98,000 and 53,000. When comparing the molecular size and composition of type C toxin to that of botulinum toxins of different types, some common features may be suggested; i.e., the toxin has a molecular weight between 141,000 to 160,000 and is comprised of a heavy and a light chain linked by disulfide bonds (or bond).

Animals↗