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Biomedical subjects

S Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to S Kubo.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Dopamine and alpha-endorphin are contained in different neurons of the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus as revealed by combined fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.

An attempt was made to demonstrate dopamine and alpha-endorphin neurons in the same sections of the arcuate nucleus by combining the techniques of fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Dopamine neurons were found mainly in the medial part near the wall of the third ventricle and alpha-endorphin neurons in the lateral part. We failed to detect any neurons showing simultaneous dopamine fluorescence and alpha-endorphin positive immunoreactivity. We conclude therefore that dopamine synthesizing neurons are probably different from alpha-endorphin synthesizing neurons in the arcuate nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Relationship between blood concentrations and clinical effects of a new antidepressant "maprotiline".

In conducting the double-blind controlled study of antidepressants, observations were carried out on the relationship between Maprotiline/Desmethylmaprotiline, concentrations in blood and antidepressive effects, the doses and the incidence of side effects. 1) The maprotiline concentration in the effective group (markedly improved + moderately improved) was 306.9 +/- 112.9 ng/ml, and 244.4 +/- 43.0 ng/ml in the non-effective group (slightly improved + unchanged + aggavated). There was no statistically difference between both groups. 2) Correlations of the maprotiline concentration in blood and together with desmethylmaprotiline to the efficacy (the variation rates in Hamilton's scores) showed a tendency toward higher concentrations in blood with higher therapeutic responses. 3) Side effects were observed in all of the patients with the concentration in blood higher than the mean value (265.2 ng/ml).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Antigenic similarity of toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum type C and D strains.

Antisera against purified type C1 toxin of Clostridium botulinum and its heavy-chain component cross-neutralized type D toxin. Antisera against partially purified type D toxin cross-neutralized type C1 toxin. From the latter serum, a component which neutralized only type D toxin and a component which equally neutralized both C1 and D toxins were obtained. We concluded that the cross-neutralization was not due to the fact that type C and D strains produce both C1 and D toxins but rather to the fact that the toxins have an antigen(s) common to their molecules. The results of the agar gel-double-diffusion test also supported this conclusion.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1980

Role of endocrine factors in chronic congestive heart failure, with emphasis on catecholamines.

Changes in endocrine activity in response to tilting of the body were studied in 16 in-patients with various degrees of chronic congestive heart failure and one healthy subject. Norepinephrine and epinephrine excretion, plasma renin activity and plasma cortisol concentration were determined first in recumbency and then during 45 degree head-up tilting. The subjects were divided into three groups depending on the severity of heart failure. In recumbency urinary norepinephrine averaged 31.6 (standard deviation 12.7) ng/min in group 1 (controls), 54.9 +/- 25.3 ng/min in group 2 (NYHA class II--III) and 79.5 ng/min in group 3 (NYHA class IV). Thus the level of urinary norepinephrine increased with the degree of heart failure. In recumbency epinephrine excretion and plasma cortisol concentration were not different among three groups. Plasma renin activity was elevated in group 3. There was a significant positive correlation between the changes in plasma renin activity and epinephrine secretion (r = 0.67, p less than 0.01). The present study revealed that patients with slight to moderate congestive heart failure have a normal endocrine response to tilting while those in severe failure have only a slight response. It is probable that the augmented sympathetic nerve activity and increased circulating blood volume, already present in severe failure, allow for less hemodynamic change upon tilting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Pharmacological studies of 1-(2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-t-butylaminoethanol (HOKU-81), a new bronchodilator. 1st Communication: Bronchodilator and cardiovascular actions.

Bronchodilating action and influence on the cardiovascular system of 1-(2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-t-butylaminoethanol (HOKU-81), which is one of metabolites of tulobuterol obtained from rat urine, were examined using the isolated tracheae and atria of guinea pigs in vitro and dogs in vivo in comparison with those of the parent drug, i.e., tulobuterol isoprenaline, salbutamol and other reference bronchodilators. HOKU-81 was approximately 8 times more potent than tulobuterol, approximately twice as potent as salbutamol, and approximately as potent as isoprenaline in relaxing effect on the isolated tracheal smooth muscle preparation of guinea pigs. This effect of HOKU-81 seems to be due to direct action on the adrenergic beta-receptor. In anaesthetized dogs, bronchodilating effect of HOKU-81 was much more potent than that of tulobuterol and was approximately as potent as that of salbutamol when administered i.v., and its effect lasted for many hours. When administered orally, the duration of bronchodilating effect of HOKU-81 was almost as long as that of salbutamol. The cardiac stimulating effect of HOKU-81 examined in the isolated guinea pig artia and in anaesthetized dogs was weaker than those of isoprenaline and salbutamol, though stronger than that of tulobuterol. In the present studies in vitro as well as in vivo, the selectivity ratio of HOKU-81 for beta-adrenoceptors in the tracheal smooth muscle vs. those in the right atrial muscle was the largest of all the bronchodilators used.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1979

The location of LH-RH neurons in the rat hypothalamus and their pathways to the median eminence. Experimental immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay.

The location of the perikarya of LH-RH neurons in the rat hypothalamus and their pathways to the median eminence were studied by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay after placing stereotaxic electrolytic lesions in several parts of the hypothalamus. The principal location of the cell somata was found to be in the ventral part of the medial preoptic area; their pathways were classified into a main baso-lateral pathway and an accessory descending pathway branching off from the former. The main pathway was found to cross in the vicinity of the corresponding neuronal perikarya. The central median eminence and the dorsal and ventral walls of the tubero-infundibular sulcus of the caudal part of the median eminence are innervated mainly by the baso-lateral pathway. On the other hand, the rostral and most caudal protions of the median eminence are innervated principally by the descending pathway and have a subsidiary dual innervation. The projection of LH-RH neurons to the OVLT is believed to originate from perikarya adjacent to this circumventricular organ.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Detection of catecholamine and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) containing nerve endings in the median eminence and the organon vasculosum laminae terminalis by fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry on the same microscopic sections.

Distribution of catecholamine (CA) and LH-RH nerve endings in the median eminence (ME) and the organon vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT) of the rat was investigated by application of fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry on the same sections of the tissue. In the ME, those two kinds of endings coexisted in the lateral portion of the middle part of ME, and in the wall of tuberoinfundibular sulcus, where they might be considered to have functional correlation. In the OVLT they were also distributed in fairly near distance, but they were not so closely associated as observed in the ME.

Animals↗