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Biomedical subjects

S Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to S Kubo.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Pulmonary hemodynamics and home oxygen therapy in patients with chronic respiratory failure].

The authors examined pulmonary hemodynamics with respect to underlying diseases, severity and type of chronic respiratory failure, and the incidence and effect of home oxygen therapy (HOT) in 155 patients with chronic lung diseases (old pulmonary tuberculosis (OTB) 45, chronic pulmonary emphysema (CPE) 54, chronic bronchitis (CBR) 42 and fibrosing lung disease (FLD) 14). They underwent right heart catheterization during a stable period, while breathing room air. The arterial PO2 ranged from 64.3 +/- 9.7 Torr (CBR) to 69.9 +/- 10.0 Torr (CPE), and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure ranged from 17.3 +/- 4.6 mmHg (CPE) to 20.6 +/- 5.4 mmHg (OTB). The incidence of pulmonary hypertension (PH, PA mean greater than or equal to 20 mmHg) was 53.3% in OTB, 40% in CBR, 35.7% in FLD, 23.8% in CPE, 69% in respiratory failure, 40% in quasi-respiratory failure, and 2.1% in non-respiratory failure. The percentage of patients who received HOT was 84.5% in respiratory failure and 54.1% in quasi-respiratory failure. Comparing Type I with Type II chronic respiratory failure, the incidence of PH was lower in the former than the latter (38.3% vs 80.6%), whereas HOT was applied to an equal percentage of patients (67.4%) in both groups. The effect of HOT was evaluated in 11 patients with chronic respiratory failure. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 22.7 +/- 4.7 mmHg before HOT, and decreased to 20.7 +/- 5.6 mmHg after 24.5 +/- 10.1 months of HOT. Although this difference was not significant statistically, this result suggests the desirable effect of HOT on pulmonary hemodynamics.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Measurements of CSF biochemical tumor markers in patients with meningeal carcinomatosis].

CSF beta--glucuronidase, polyamines and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were analyzed in 16 patients with meningeal carcinomatosis from solid tumors in systemic organs, 27 with benign brain lesions, 11 with primary brain tumors, 14 with metastatic brain tumors and 5 with leptomeningeal dissemination of other malignant diseases. beta--glucuronidase levels in all cases of meningeal carcinomatosis, meningeal gliomatosis and meningeal lymphoma were higher than 100 micrograms/dl/hr. On the other hand, levels in all cases of benign brain lesions were below 100 micrograms/dl/hr. Levels of beta--glucuronidase in the cases of metastatic brain tumors returned to normal levels after tumor resection. Levels of beta--glucuronidase and polyamines were not high in the cases with positive cytology in CSF after tumor resection. The polyamine level seemed to be dependent on the growth rate of the disease and was shown to below 0.05 nmol/ml in all cases after resection of the metastatic brain tumors. Cystic fluid of both benign and malignant tumor showed high levels of beta--glucuronidase and polyamines except for spermidine and spermine levels in a suprasellar cyst. Some cases of meningeal carcinomatosis with high levels of serum CEA did not always show high levels of CSF CEA. In the surgical cases with a metastatic brain tumor, the cases with leptomeningeal, especially dural attachment showed high levels of beta--glucuronidase and CEA preoperatively, but they returned to normal after surgery. In 2 cases of meningeal carcinomatosis treated by intrathecal chemotherapy with MTX and Ara-C, CSF beta--glucuronidase and CEA showed clinical condition better than the cell count in CSF decreased rapidly following chemotherapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1991

[Subgingival microflora in children of early childhood, school age and circumpuberty. The proportion and frequency of gram-negative bacteria in periodontally healthy and gingivitis groups].

The present study characterized the microbial profiles of the gingival sulci in children. Subgingival samples from 36 gingivitis lesions of 18 patients and 36 sites in 18 healthy persons were examined. The tested individuals were divided into three stages according to physiological maturation i.e. early childhood, school age, circumpuberty. Puberty was confirmed through examination of wrist radiographs. Using continuous anaerobic techniques, samples were dispersed, diluted and then inoculated on selective and nonselective media and cultured under the condition appropriate gaseous phase respectively. Isolates were identified microbiologically and counted. All values were evaluated statistically. The samples were simultaneously examined by dark-field microscopy. Changes in the proportions and the frequency of periodontophathic bacteria were distinct in different stages of physiological maturation. Black-pigmented Bacteroides species were commonly found in gingivitis lesions. Bacteroides intermedius was frequently detected in the subgingival samples from children with gingivitis. In all stages, the proportion of black-pigmented Bacteroides and B. intermedius in the gingivitis groups were found to be significantly higher than that of the healthy groups. Statistical analysis revealed that levels of B. intermedius increased in circumpuberty stage compared with the 2 younger stages. Black-pigmented Bacteroides and B. intermedius were closely related to GI, PlI in 3 stages. Bacteroides gingivalis was found only in two gingivitis sites of a circumpubertal child with gingivitis. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 4 out of 12 sites in the school age group, and in 6 out of 12 sites in the circumpuberty group with gingivitis respectively. In the circumpuberty group, the proportion of A. actinomycetemcomitans in the gingivitis group was significantly higher than that of the healthy group, and A. actinomycetemcomitans was closely related to GI, PlI, CI, PPD. Eikenella corrodens was found to be associated with gingivitis in the school age and circumpuberty groups. No correlation was found in the detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum in 3 stages. Microscopic examination showed that the proportion of rods, fusiforms, filaments, motile rods, spirochetes in the gingivitis groups was significantly higher than that of the healthy groups, while the proportion of cocci in gingivitis groups was significantly lower than that of the healthy groups in 3 stages. Spirochetes were closely related to GI, PlI, PPD in all stages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Shelf life of the Gluma bonding system.

The objective of this study was to determine by shear bond strength testing the efficacy of Gluma batches produced between 1985 and 1990 and stored at either 23 degrees C or varying temperatures between 19 degrees and 32 degrees C. The average bond strength figures for the thirty variable conditions tested were not significantly different from each other on the 0.05 significance level. Chemical analysis of the individual Gluma Primer batches investigated proved that the concentration of the main active ingredients of the mixture, glutaraldehyde and HEMA, were not or only moderately reduced when compared with the composition determined on the dates of manufacture. It was concluded that this bonding system is stable over a period of 6 years when possible extremes in storage temperature are avoided.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical features of aortic dissection with early thrombosis of the false lumen].

There are cases of dissecting aortic aneurysm in which thrombotic formation occurs in the false lumen at an early stage, preventing dissection of the vessel wall and enlargement of the aneurysm. We studied such early thrombotic obliteration of false lumina in 12 (28.6%) of 42 patients with dissecting aortic aneurysm who underwent transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography in the acute phase from June 1986 to October 1989. It was the first employment of a transesophageal approach at our hospital. In this study, we examined the clinical profiles of these patients as well as the usefulness of transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography in establishing the diagnosis of dissecting aortic aneurysm and characterizing the disease. The patients were classified as Type I (2 patients) and Type III (10 patients; 6 Type IIIa and 4 Type IIIb) according to DeBakey's classification. The minimum and mean intervals from the onset of symptoms to transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography were 1.5 hours and a mean of 38.2 hours, respectively. These results indicated that thrombotic obliteration of the false lumen had already occurred at a very early stage in some patients. The maximum diameter of the descending aorta was mean 37.6 mm with only 2 patients having that of 40 mm or more. Since left intrapleural hemorrhage was observed in these 2 patients (1 received emergent replacement of the descending aorta), enlargement of the aortic diameter may be indicative of unpredictable outcome, even in patients with early thrombotic obliteration of the false lumen. The long-term clinical course was favorable in all patients, including those who were treated surgically, over a mean follow-up period of 14.5 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Definitive myocardial blood flow evaluated by contrast echocardiography: experimental and A-C bypass flow studies].

We evaluated the feasibility of a new method for calculating definitive myocardial flow using contrast echocardiography in canine experiments and in patients who had undergone ACBG surgery. The principle for calculating flow was based on Kety-Schmidt method using time-intensity curve analysis between the epicardial and endocardial aspect. Inlet and outlet flows were hypothesized at the epicardium and endocardium, respectively. Analysis of time-contrast-intensity curves between the epicardium and endocardium, the difference of the area to the saturated point between epicardium and pericardium (A), and the saturated value (H) theoretically lead to the equation: Flow = 100 x (H/A) (Kety-Schmidt) in a 100-gram myocardium. No factors of intensity and time were included. Using this equation, the flow in 7 experimental canine and the flow of 9 patients who had ACBG surgery were compared to the electromagnetic flow. In the canine experiments, the left circumflex coronary artery was dissected free and was connected with contrast injector, a magnetic flowmeter and pneumatic occluder, proximal to distal in this order. Flow was controlled either by the occluder or drugs (papaverin and dipyridamole). Manually-agitated contrast media were injected rapidly (1 ml/2.5 sec), and M-mode echocardiographic recordings were densitometrically translated into time-intensity curves. Thirty-eight trials in 7 dogs showed close correlations (r = 0.901) between the electromagnetic flow and contrast echo flow. For the patients with ACBG, M-mode contrast echo recordings were made using transesophageal echo during the operations with contrast injections via the bypass grafts. Analysis of time-intensity curves was made and recorded in the same way as during the experiments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Demonstration of hemoglobin in the kidney of battered children.

We examined specimens of renal tissue taken from 40 cadavers of children (18 battered and 22 non-battered children) by an immuno-peroxidase technique using anti-human hemoglobin (Hb) or anti-human myoglobin (Mb) antiserum. Hb was detected in the proximal tubular cells of the kidney of six battered children who had sustained severe or moderate external injuries, whereas Mb was not found. In contrast, Mb was detected and Hb was not found in the renal tubules of one child who had died from a traffic accident. In other cases including 13 cases of children who died from a sudden bout of physical violence or some other impulsive act and 4 cases of children who had died from malnutrition, neither Hb nor Mb was found in the kidney. Our findings appear to indicate that large quantities of Hb were released from the multiple lesions of the battered children, entered the circulation and were deposited in the kidneys. It thus seems that the immunohistochemical detection of Hb in the kidney may be useful for evidencing the extensive antemortem bruises which are often found in battered children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Distribution of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with metastatic brain tumors after intravenous or intracarotid administration].

The distribution of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) was studied in 21 patients with intracerebral metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer after CDDP 100 mg/sq m i.v. or i.a. administration for 20 minutes using an infusion pump during surgery. Surgical tissue specimens of tumor and edematous brain tissue adjacent to tumor were obtained with whole blood soon after CDDP administration and assayed for total platinum using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The pharmacological distribution rates were represented as the brain/plasma, tumor/plasma and tumor/brain ratios. No statistical differences in the CDDP concentrations in the plasma were found between i.a. and i.v. administrations. The platinum concentration in edematous brain tissue adjacent to the tumor was always lower than the platinum concentration in the metastatic intracerebral tumor. No differences were noted for the brain/plasma ratio in the brain tissue adjacent to the tumor between the two administration methods (i.a.: 0.38 +/- 0.09, n = 8; i.v.: 0.43 +/- 0.13, n = 11, M +/- S.E.). However, two cases who each underwent two different administration courses showed i.a. to be pharmacologically advantageous since it resulted in a 2-to-7 times higher concentration in the brain tissue adjacent to the tumor. The tumor/plasma and tumor/brain ratios for i.a. administration (1.72 +/- 0.26, 6.09 +/- 1.30, n = 8, M +/- S.E.) were two times higher than those for i.v. administration 0.90 +/- 0.23, n = 12, 3.40 = 0.59, n = 10, M +/- S.E. (p less than 0.05, p = 0.061, unpaired t-test). Toxic side effects were moderate, especially decreased creatinine clearance, but tolerable. Our preliminary results demonstrated the pharmacologic advantage of i.a. CDDP chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic brain tumor patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Intracranial fibrous xanthoma (xanthofibroma) in an infant: a case report].

A case of intracranial fibrous xanthoma (xanthofibroma) is reported. Intracranial fibrous xanthoma in infancy under the age of 1 year is extremely rare. This patient was a 8-month-old boy with a history of convulsive seizure. He had a previously known chest wall tumor which was diagnosed as fibrous xanthoma of the skin. Plain CT scan revealed a well defined high density area in the left temporal lobe. The area was well enhanced with contrast media. At operation, it was found that the tumor did not attach to dura mater and was almost well demarcated. Total removal of the tumor was performed. The patient has been doing well for these 6 months following craniotomy, with no sings of recurrence and no neurological deficits. Histologically, the tumor was composed of fibroblastic cells and foamy phagocytic cells in storiform pattern. Some multinucleated giant cells were found. Immunohistochemistry technique revealed that the tumor cells were negative for GFAP, positive for Vimentin, positive for S-100 protein and negative for EMA. Our studies support the diagnosis of intracranial fibrous xanthoma coexistent with the same tumor found in the subcutaneous space of the chest wall of a boy under 1 year of age. We regard it as a rare incidence. Differential diagnosis and the characteristics of fibrous xanthoma were discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Ventriculo-lumbar perfusion chemotherapy with methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside for meningeal dissemination of malignant disease].

Ventriculolumbar perfusion chemotherapy with methotrexate (MTX) and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) was performed in six patients with meningeal dissemination of malignant disease. Ten mg of MTX and 40 mg of Ara-C were injected via Ommaya reservoir every 12 hours for 3 days. During perfusion, we observed nausea and vomiting, low grade fever, confusion, nystagmus, paresthesia or numbness of the lower extremities, and multicranial nerve impairment, which disappeared soon after perfusion chemotherapy. After treatment, one patient developed bacterial meningitis, and two developed MTX-induced interstitial pneumonitis, which was cured by steroid therapy. Signs and symptoms due to involvement of the cerebrum, cranial nerves and spinal cord or spinal roots, improved more than by standard intrathecal chemotherapy. Laboratory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings, i.e., cell count and cytological appearance, also improved more than by standard intrathecal chemotherapy. EEG, CT scan and MRI data revealed a worsening of EEG findings in one patient, and a small lesion on MRI, which was not seen by CT scan, disappeared after treatment in two patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The IL-2 receptor beta-chain (p70). Ligand binding ability of the cDNA-encoding membrane and secreted forms.

The high affinity IL-2R is composed of at least two distinct subunits; alpha (p55 or Tac)- and beta (p70)-chains. Recent cDNA expression studies with lymphoid cells unequivocally demonstrated that the IL-2R beta is an indispensable component for the ligand internalization and the signal transduction via the high affinity IL-2R. Furthermore, these studies confirmed that the IL-2R beta singly expressed on T lymphoid cells represents the intermediate affinity IL-2R. In the present study, however, we show 1) the IL-2R beta expressed on a mouse fibroblast line, NIH-3T3, did not bind IL-2 under the intermediate affinity conditions, 2) nevertheless, the IL-2R beta coexpressed with the IL-2R alpha not only formed the high affinity receptor but also internalized IL-2. By the use of competitive sandwich ELISA to study the IL-2 binding ability of the IL-2R beta molecule itself, we also show that the IL-2R beta present in the detergent-solubilized cell extracts and the secreted IL-2R beta (p37) produced by the truncated cDNA are actually capable of binding IL-2, but with a much reduced affinity compared with the intact IL-2R beta expressed on the lymphoid cells. These findings lead us to postulate a more complex feature of the IL-2R than ever speculated; the IL-2R beta molecule having on its own minimal IL-2 binding ability requires a putative gamma-chain specifically present on lymphoid cells to generate the functional intermediate affinity IL-2R. The gamma-chain, however, seems not to be required as far as the formation of the high affinity IL-2R by the alpha- and beta-chains and the ligand internalization through it are concerned.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Hemodynamic and renal effects of atrial natriuretic peptide in congestive heart failure.

The hemodynamic and renal effects of anaritide (human atrial natriuretic peptide 102-126), a synthetic analog of atrial natriuretic peptide, were evaluated in 35 patients with chronic New York Heart Association class II to IV heart failure. There were 32 men and 3 women, aged 33 to 75 (mean +/- standard error of the mean 56 +/- 2) years. In the first phase of the study, right-sided heart catheterization was performed, and anaritide was administered as 1-hour infusions. The rate of the infusion varied among patients from 0.03 to 0.3 micrograms/kg/min. In response to anaritide, there were decreases in mean systemic arterial (94 +/- 2 to 87 +/- 2 mm Hg), right atrial (10 +/- 1 to 8 +/- 1 mm Hg), mean pulmonary arterial (33 +/- 2 to 28 +/- 2 mm Hg) and pulmonary artery wedge (22 +/- 2 to 15 +/- 2 mm Hg) pressures (all p less than 0.05). Cardiac index increased (2.39 +/- 0.15 to 2.62 +/- 0.15 liters/min/m2, p less than 0.05) and heart rate was unchanged. Systemic vascular resistance decreased significantly, but pulmonary vascular resistance was unchanged. There were increases in urine volume (1.6 +/- 0.2 to 2.3 +/- 0.4 ml/min), sodium excretion (47 +/- 13 to 74 +/- 20 muEq/min) and fractional excretion of sodium (0.41 +/- 0.11 to 0.59 +/- 0.14%, all p less than 0.05), while potassium excretion and creatinine clearance did not change. In the second phase of the study, patients received 2-hour infusions of anaritide (0.03 to 0.6 micrograms/kg/min) and placebo with noninvasive monitoring.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy and safety of carvedilol in renal hypertension. A multicenter open trial.

Carvedilol, a novel beta-blocker with a vasodilating action, was given either alone (monotherapy) or with diuretics (combination therapy) to 42 patients with renal hypertension. The hypotensive effect, safety, and optimal dose were investigated. In all, 23 untreated patients (16 men and 7 women; average age, 56.4 +/- 2.5 years) made up the monotherapy group and 19 diuretic-treated patients (11 men and 8 women; average age, 56.4 +/- 2.5 years) comprised the combined therapy group. All subjects had an initial blood pressure (BP) of greater than 160/95 mmHg and were started on 5 mg/day oral carvedilol. The dose was gradually increased to a maximum of 20 mg/day, or until either the BP was reduced to less than 149/89 mmHg or the reduction in mean BP was greater than 13 mmHg compared with baseline levels. The total study period was 8 weeks. With monotherapy, the BP and heart rate decreased significantly from 167/102 to 150/94 mmHg and from 81 to 74 beats/min, respectively. With combined therapy, the BP and heart rate fell significantly from 176/103 to 142/85 mmHg and from 81 to 70 beats/min, respectively. Responders were defined as subjects with a BP of less than or equal to 149/89 mmHg or those showing a fall of greater than or equal to 13 mmHg in mean BP. Responders accounted for 52.2% of the monotherapy group and 73.6% of the combination therapy group. Orthostatic hypotension was not seen in either group. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were not altered by administration of carvedilol. Dizziness was noted by 1 of the 23 subjects in the monotherapy group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Submandibular sialoadenitis due to a foreign body.

A case of a painful swelling of a submandibular gland in a 62-year-old woman is reported. This eventually proved to be caused by a foreign body (fish bone) in the main intrasalivary duct of the gland.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Aplasia of the submandibular gland. A case report.

A 34-year-old Japanese male had pain radiating from his right mandibular body to the temporal region. Computerized tomography was undertaken to examine his cerebral status. It eventually revealed the absence of the right submandibular gland, although the left submandibular gland was present. The corresponding space was occupied by a lymph node. Furthermore, sialography showed the existence of Wharton's duct only. The literature on this rare occurrence is reviewed and the significance to the patient discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Serum Gc, Hp and alpha 2HS phenotypes in human T-lymphotropic leukemia virus type I infection.

The serum Gc, Hp and alpha 2HS phenotypes were examined in 64 subjects known to have the human T-lymphotropic leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection and in 60 uninfected subjects. There were no significant differences in the distributions of Gc, Hp and alpha 2HS phenotype and allele frequencies between any grouping of HTLV-I-infected subjects and the controls. No association between the Gc, Hp and alpha 2HS genotypes and susceptibility to adult T-cell leukemia was found.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1990

[Problems in patients with use of a ventricular assist device].

The purpose of the present study was to review the results obtained in patients with a ventricular assist devices (VAD) in our hospital, and to discuss various problems concerning a VAD use, such as indications, right ventricular failure, and evaluation of cardiac function. Fourteen VADs were applied to 11 patients for left ventricular assist, including two for right ventricular assist and for one as biventricular assist with a VAD in the left and a biopump in the right. The clinical diagnoses of the patients were as follows: 10 ischemic heart disease, two valvular disease, one acute aortic dissection, and one corrected transposition of the great arteries. VADs were indicated in 11 patients because of difficulty in weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and in three patients because of cardiogenic shock after discontinuing CPB. Among the 14 patients, 11 had an effective VAD, six were successfully weaned from a VAD, and two survived. The VAD was ineffective due to uncontrollable bleeding and improper indications for the device, as in applying a one-sided heart assist when a biventricular assist was necessary. In spite of an effective VAD, five patients could not be weaned from VAD because of brain damage, sepsis, and hypoxia. After removing a VAD, four patients died; one due to mediastinitis, two due to respiratory failure, and one due to low output syndrome. All the four patients had renal failure followed by multi-organ failure finally, because of prolonged CPB time. The CPB time was shorter among the long survivors than in others. Cardiac function during assist and the weaning probability from a VAD were evaluated not only by the so-called on-off test, but also by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography. Ventricular wall motion and pulmonary venous flow pattern were analyzed by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography. The pattern of monophasic forward flow in the pulmonary vein was associated with reduced wall motion during deteriorated cardiac function, while the flow pattern became biphasic as cardiac function recovered. From these results, we concluded as follows: 1. Early decisions as to whether VAD is indicated are important. 2. A right VAD should be considered in cases with biventricular failure, during left ventricular assist, if right atrial pressures elevated more than 18 mmHg constantly. 3. The evaluation of cardiac function by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography is useful for making decisions as to wean patients from a VAD.

Adolescent↗