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Biomedical subjects

S Kosaka

Publications and source records attributed to S Kosaka.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Insulin resistance with acanthosis nigricans: a case report].

We described a 12 7/12-year-old boy presenting the syndrome of insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans Type A. Insulin levels at fasting state and after glucose loading were 149 +/- 63 microunits/ml (mean +/- SD) and over 1000 microunits/ml, respectively, while fasting levels of blood glucose were 77.7 +/- 8.9 mg/dl (mean +/- SD). A marked resistance to exogenous insulin was observed. Circulating levels of insulin antagonists such as growth hormone, cortisol and glucagon, were within the normal range. Proinsulin was less than 5% of the total radioimmunoassayable insulin. Insulin antibody and anti-receptor antibody were not detected. Insulin binding to mononuclear cells were decreased to about 50% of controls. Analysis of membrane receptors demonstrated the normal average affinity, dissociation kinetics and negative cooperativity with a decreased number of receptors. After two days fasting, plasma IRI levels decreased to 27 microunits/ml, however insulin binding kinetics were not affected. This might suggesting that the receptor decrease was not secondary to hyperinsulinemia. These findings indicate that a decreased number of receptors was one of the causes for insulin resistance in the patient.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1982

Relationship between monensin and sulphur amino acid requirements in broiler chickens.

1. Diets containing 80, 100, 125, 150, 175 or 200 mg monensin/kg were fed to broiler chickens from 0 to 28 d in cages that prevented access to excreta. 2. Growth was depressed with 125 mg monensin or more/kg and food intake tended to decrease. Feathering was adversely affected with 175 mg or more/kg. 3. In a similar experiment, diets containing 8.8, 9.1, 9.4, 9.7 and 10.1 g total sulphur amino acids (SAA)/kg were supplemented with 125 or 80 mg monensin/kg and compared with a diet containing 8.8 g SAA and 33 mg robenidie/kg. 4. With 125 mg monensin/kg, body-weight gain was significantly less than that of birds receiving robenidine if dietary SAA content was 9.4 g or less/kg. With 9.7 g SAA or more/kg, gain in birds receiving monensin was similar to that of birds receiving robenidine. 5. Monensin at 125 mg/kg therefore appears to increase SAA requirement.

Amino Acids, Sulfur↗
PubMed1979

Detection of antibody to a new antigen induced by Epstein-Barr virus in rheumatoid arthritis.

A new antigen which is different from Epstein-Barr virion antigen was detected in NC-37 cells infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). A significant elevation of the titer of antibody to this new antigen was observed in the sera of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but not in the sera of controls. From the standpoint of the etiologic role of EBV in RA, it is interesting that the antibody to the new antigen is not detected in the healthy persons in contrast to other viral antibodies. Therefore, it differs from any other viral antibodies so far reported.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1979

Studies on anti-B specificity and heterogeneity of some invertebrate hemagglutinins.

Hemolymph from Charybdis japonica and Lymantria dispar, and saline extract from Eunice kobiensis agglutinated human group B erythrocytes specifically. Multiple agglutinins were identified, and independent agglutinins were separated from hemolymph of Charybdis japonica (anti-Bcj+anti-Xcj) and Lymantria dispar (anti-BLD+RLD) by absorption experiments. By the agglutination and agglutination-inhibition experiments with simple sugars, the specificities of the anti-B agglutinins in these invertebrates were found to differ from each other.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1979

Effects of oral administration of D-penicillamine on T- and B-lymphocytes in peripheral blood of rheumatoid patients.

The effects of D-penicillamine on T-lymphocytes (rosette forming cells) and B-lymphocytes (surface IgG- and surface IgM-bearing cells) in peripheral blood of 13 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis were investigated at 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks of treatment. At the same time, the determination of the concentrations of serum immunoglobulins and RA tests were carried out, and the rheumatoid activity index was calculated. The administration of D-pencillamine caused a gradual increase in the percentage of T-lymphocytes and a concomitant decrease in the percentage of B-lymphocytes with time. It was found that the tendency toward reduction of the percentage of surface IgM-bearing lymphocytes was more remarkable and accelerated than that of surface IgG-bearing lymphocytes. A decrease in the concentrations of serum IgM and IgG was observed in association with these findings. The agglutination in RA-test became significantly weaker in about half of the cases. Also the rheumatoid activity index became gradually smaller after treatment. The marked decrease in the percentage of B-lymphocytes and in the concentration of serum immunoglobulins may be related to the inhibition of the production of abnormal immunoglobulins.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasono-cardiographic diagnosis of the prolapsed mitral valve.

The characteristic ultrasono-cardiographic (UCG) findings of prolapsed mitral valve were studied in 9 cases by means of ultrasonocardiotomography (UCT). The changes in degree and shape of the prolapsed valve were examined and the leaflet involved was identified. Of the 9 cases, 5 had prolapse of anterior, 3 had that of posterior leaflet and 1 had both. In all cases with midsystolic click and late systolic murmur or pansystolic murmur with late systolic accentuation, the prolapse of anterior leaflet was observed on UCT, and though UCG disclosed midsystolic buckling it was difficult to determine the exact timing of the prolapse by UCG alone. In the cases with rheumatic mitral regurgitation, the prolapse of posterior leaflet and the ballooning of anterior leaflet could easily be found on UCT, but the detection of the above-mentioned 2 findings was difficult by UCG alone. Three of the 9 cases were found to have prolapse of posterior leaflet by left ventriculography, whereas these 3 had prolapse of anterior leaflet on UCT. Hence, the diagnosis of prolapsed mitral valve based on the cineangiography may require re-evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effects of IRA in vitro on T- and B-lymphocytes from peripheral blood of patients with connective tissue diseases.

The effect of immunoregulatory alpha-globulin (IRA) in vitro on T-lymphocytes (rosette forming cells) and B-lymphocytes (surface IgG and IgM) in peripheral blood of healthy subjects and the patients with connective tissue diseases were investigated. Marked inhibitory effects of IRA were observed on T-lymphocytes and surface IgG-bearing lymphocytes from healthy subjects. The effect of IRA was almost in parallel with the amount of IRA and with the length of incubation period at 37 degrees C. The inhibitory effects of IRA were more remarkable on surface IgM-bearing lymphocytes from the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than on those from healthy subjects. On the other hand, the effects of IRA were more remarkable on surface IgG-bearing lymphocytes from the cases of SLE than on those from healthy subjects.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1977

beta2-glycoprotein I in rheumatoid arthritis.

Serum beta2-glycoprotein I of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis was studied by means of single radial immunodiffusion method. There was a significant lowering of beta2-glycoprotein I concentration in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. An inverse proportional correlation was seen between the concentrations of beta2-glycoprotein I and of alpha1-antitrypsin, and between the former and C-reactive protein (CRP) rates in individual specimens. Slightly positive relationship was observed between the concentrations of beta2-glycoprotein I and of alpha2-HS glycoprotein. The beta2-glycoprotein I concentrations in healthy adults were significantly higher than those of previous reports.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Subpopulations of B- and T-Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood of Rheumatoid Patients.

Using the immunofluorescent staining for detection of surface membrane immunoglobulin and the spontaneous rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes, B- and T-lymphocytes were identified in lymphocyte populations obtained from the peripheral blood of 36 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis and 13 normal adults. In all of three immunoglobulin subclasses, the mean percentage of B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of the patients was significantly higher than that of the normal subjects. On the other hand, the mean percentage of blood T-lymphocytes in the patients was remarkably low as compared with that of the normal controls.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1976

Alpha1-antichymotrypsin in rheumatoid arthritis.

Serum alpha1-antichymotrypsin (alpha1-ACT) of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis was studied by means of single radial immunodiffusion method. There was a significant elevation of the alpha1-ACT concentration in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and positive relationships were observed between the concentrations of alpha1-ACT and of other glycoproteins such as alpha1-acid glycoprotein and alpha1-antitrypsin in individual patients, and between C-reactive protein (CRP) rates and the (CRP) rates and the alpha1-ACT concentrations in individual specimens. These facts suggest that alpha1-ACT belongs to a group of acute phase proteins like alpha1-antitrypsin or CRP. An inverse proportional correlation was revealed between alpha1-ACT and fibrinolytic activity. No influences were observed on the alpha1-ACT concentration, activity index or articular index by the oral administration of alpha-chymotrypsin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Change of serum IgE concentration in asthmatic attack.

Thirty-two patients with clinical diagnosis of bronchial asthma were evaluated. Serum IgE levels, measured by the Phadebas IgE test, were clearly increased in the patients with asthmatic attack compared with those without asthmatic attack. When the patients were grouped according to the clinical grading of severity of asthmatic attack, the levels showed the significant elevation in proportion to the intensity of asthmatic attack and were higher in the group of severe attack or moderately severe attack than in the group of mild attack. When the serial determination of serum IgE concentration was performed during the clinical course of the patients, a high correlation was observed between the levels and the intensity of asthmatic attack.

Adult↗