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S Kono

Publications and source records attributed to S Kono.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Obesity, body fat distribution and coronary atherosclerosis among Japanese men and women.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation of the obesity and body-fat distribution with angiographically defined coronary atherosclerosis. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study in a clinical setting. SUBJECTS: Three hundred and twenty men (median age, 59 y) and 212 women (median age, 67 y) who underwent coronary angiography for suspected or known coronary heart disease at 5 cardiology departments between September 1996 and August 1997. Patients with disease duration >1 y were excluded. MEASUREMENTS: The body mass index (BMI) and the waist to hip circumference ratio (WHR) were used as main exposure variables, and either the presence of significant coronary stenosis or the Gensini's score (> or =10 vs<10) as an outcome variable, in a sex-specific multiple logistic regression analysis controlling for age, hospital, and other coronary risk factors. RESULTS: Among male patients, BMI was progressively higher with an increasing number of vessels involved (P trend=0.05); the adjusted odds ratios for the presence of significant stenosis across quartiles of BMI were 1.0 (reference), 1.1, 1.9 and 2.5 (P trend=0.02), and the positive association was more pronounced for younger patients. Among females, however, such associations were not evident. Employing the Gensini's score as an outcome gave similar results. WHR was not significantly associated with either outcome regardless of sex. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that BMI was predictive of coronary stenosis among male patients, but not among female patients. Unlike most previous studies, this study failed to detect a positive association with WHR.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2001

Calibration with currently available low-radiopacity catheters for scaling in digital quantitative coronary angiography.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: In quantitative coronary angiography, the absolute diameters of coronary artery lumina are obtained by using a catheter as a scaling device. METHODS: We examined the effect of x-ray opacity on the accuracy of calibration methods that use such catheters by varying the concentration of contrast medium in the catheters in phantom experiments with a digital cine imaging system. RESULTS: With contrast-filled, currently available catheters, the average increase in the measured calibration factor from the gold standard (as determined by using a measuring scale) was 1.0% and 0.4% in the 13-cm and 17-cm image-intensifier modes, respectively, compared with -9.9% and -12.4% for catheters without contrast medium. The corresponding figures for catheters of the previous generation that lacked contrast medium were 1.0% and 0.4%, respectively. The image contrast of previous-generation catheters filled with saline was closer to that of current-generation catheters filled with contrast medium than that of current-generation catheters filled with saline. CONCLUSIONS: When used for quantitative coronary angiography by digital angiography, currently available low-radiopacity catheters give more accurate data when filled with contrast medium.

Calibration↗
PubMed2001

Glucose intolerance, plasma insulin levels, and colon adenomas in Japanese men.

Hyperinsulinemia may be related to colon carcinogenesis. Several studies have suggested that diabetes mellitus is related to increased risk of colon cancer. We examined cross-sectionally the relation of fasting plasma insulin levels and glucose tolerance status to colon adenomas. In a consecutive series of 951 men undergoing total colonoscopy for a health examination at the Japan Self Defense Forces Fukuoka Hospital from April 1998 to August 1999, we identified 233 cases of colon adenomas and 497 controls with normal colonoscopy. Glucose tolerance status was determined by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and subjects were classified as normal, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Plasma insulin levels were measured after subjects had fasted overnight. Logistic regression analysis and analysis of covariance was used to control for age and obesity. While plasma insulin levels were unrelated to colon adenomas, NIDDM was associated with a significantly increased risk of colon adenomas. There was no association between IGT and colon adenomas. NIDDM was more strongly associated with proximal colon adenomas. The findings suggest that long-term hyperinsulinemic status associated with NIDDM may increase the risk of colon adenomas, and subsequently of colon cancer.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2001

Iron accumulation in the liver of male patients with Wilson's disease.

OBJECTIVES: There is accumulating evidence that ceruloplasmin, a copper protein with ferroxidase activity, plays an important role in iron metabolism. The genetic disorder, aceruloplasminemia, can lead to tissue storage of iron as in hemochromatosis. Because most patients with Wilson's disease, a genetic copper toxicosis, have hypoceruloplasminemia, some could be affected by iron overload. METHODS: Four male patients with Wilson's disease were enrolled in this study of pre- and post-treatment iron metabolism. RESULTS: Pretreatment copper contents of the liver were high in all four male patients studied as diagnostic of Wilson's disease. Genetic analysis supported their clinical diagnosis of Wilson's disease without a background of hemochromatosis. Pretreatment serum ceruloplasmin levels were <20 mg/dl in all four patients. A standard penicillamine treatment for 3-8.5 yr further decreased their serum ceruloplasmin levels. Post-treatment serum ferroxidase activity was low as was the serum ceruloplasmin protein. Copper contents in the liver decreased after treatment in all subjects. In contrast, nonheme iron in the liver increased during treatment. Pretreatment liver specimens were positive for histochemical iron in two patients, and post-treatment specimens were positive in all four patients. In two patients, serum aminotransferase levels rebounded with elevation of serum ferritin concentration during the treatment period. Subsequent iron reduction by phlebotomy ameliorated their biochemical liver damage. CONCLUSION: Iron overload related to hypoceruloplasminemia may be clinically important, particularly in male patients with Wilson's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Coronary revascularization in Japan. Part 1: survey of facilities during 1997.

Coronary artery disease is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries, including Japan. Increasing numbers of patients have been treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but there is little information in Japan concerning the use of revascularization therapy and the facilities. The Japanese Coronary Intervention Study (JCIS) Group conducted a nationwide survey on coronary revascularization procedures and facilities during 1997. A questionnaire was mailed to the presidents or designated delegates of 8,253 laboratories in 7,986 hospitals that had departments of internal medicine and/or cardiovascular medicine and to 578 facilities in 558 hospitals identified by the PCI survey as performing CABG and/or registered in the annual survey carried out by the Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery. A total of 109,788 PCIs were performed at 1,023 laboratories, and 17,667 CABGs at 477 facilities. PCI and CABG numbers per 10(6) population were 870 and 140, respectively. The ratio of PCI to CABG was 6.2. The numbers of PCI laboratories and CABG facilities per 10(6) population were 8.1 and 3.8, respectively. The majority of PCI laboratories and CABG facilities had a small annual volume: 44% of PCI laboratories and 77% of CABG facilities had annual volumes of 50 or less. Only half of the PCI laboratories had surgical backup on-site. Despite the small volume for each facility, coronary revascularization, especially PCI, is highly utilized in Japan.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed2001

Coronary revascularization in Japan. Part 2: comparison of facilities between 1997 and 1999.

A nation-wide survey on the procedures and facilities of coronary revascularization, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) conducted by the Japanese Coronary Intervention Study (JCIS) group during 1997 revealed that PCI is more often used than CABG and is mainly carried out in low-volume facilities without surgical backup. The present study aimed to investigate the temporal changes in the usage of revascularization therapies and facilities from 1997 to 1999. A questionnaire was mailed in 1998 to the delegates of 1,086 PCI and 582 CABG facilities identified by the previous survey, and 89% of PCIs surveyed and 94% of CABGs surveyed reported back. The number of PCI procedures had increased by 19% from 97,831 to 116,479 and that of CABG procedures also increased by 21% from 16,374 to 19,846. The ratio of PCI to CABG was 5.9 in 1999, showing no significant change from 6.0 in 1997. In parallel, the number of PCI and CABG facilities increased from 888 to 941 and from 442 to 453, respectively. The use of coronary stents and other interventional devices increased during these 2 years. Coronary stents were used regardless of the annual procedural volume of the facilities, whereas other interventional devices, directional and rotational coronary atherectomy, were used mainly in the high-volume laboratories (p<0.01). Beating-heart, off-pump CABG had increased from 2% to 11% of total cases. Continued monitoring of trends in PCI and CABG facilities and procedures will be needed for nation-wide assessment of the use of new technology.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed2001

Stiff-person syndrome associated with cerebellar ataxia and high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titer.

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the main target of humoral autoimmunity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-person syndrome. We reviewed the case of a 46-year-old woman who had cerebellar ataxia before getting stiff-person syndrome and IDDM with high anti-GAD autoantibody titers. This was a rare case in which there were both the clinical symptoms of stiff-person syndrome and cerebellar ataxia. In western blot analysis her serum reacted with 65-kDa proteins from rat cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and spinal cord. Autoantibodies to GAD may cause functional impairment of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons in the spinal cord as well as in the cerebellum.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed2001

Lung cancer, myocardial infarction, and the Grossarth-Maticek personality types: a case-control study in Fukuoka, Japan.

Grossarth-Maticek and colleagues have shown, in their prospective studies, a strong relationship of their personality types, Types 1 and 2, to cancer and coronary heart disease (CHD), respectively. Relevant information is limited from replication studies, and little is known about psychosocial factors in relation to cancer or CHD in Japan. Subjects included 95 cases of lung cancer (LC), 94 cases of myocardial infarction (MI) and 596 controls. The controls were men and women who visited a clinic for a health checkup. The Grossarth-Maticek personality types, Types 1 to 6, were assessed using the Short Interpersonal Reactions Inventory. The distributions of the 6 personality types were compared between the case and control groups, adjusting for sex and age class. The relation of each of the 6 types to LC and MI were examined in terms of odds ratio, using a logistic regression model controlling for age, sex, job status, education level, and smoking status. As regards the distribution analysis, Types 1 and 2 in the LC and MI groups each were not more prevalent than the controls, respectively. High score of the Type 1 scale was associated with a statistically nonsignificant decrease in LC risk. MI risk was significantly, positively associated with the Type 2 and 5 scales, and unexpectedly, positively related to the Type 3 scale. The present findings partly supported the Grossarth-Maticek theory, but there remain some conflicting issues to be confirmed in future studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and probucol suppress the time-dependent increase in urinary Type IV collagen excretion of Type II diabetes mellitus patients with early diabetic nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: A multicenter prospective clinical trial was carried out in 9 National Hospitals in Japan to elucidate the time-dependent change in urinary Type IV collagen excretion rate of Type II diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, and to investigate whether an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) or probucol is effective in preventing progression of renal involvement of diabetics by evaluating urinary Type IV collagen excretion. METHODS: Normo- and microalbuminuric patients with Type II DM were recruited. Patients were assigned to either the control (n = 88), ACE-I (n = 43) or probucol (n = 37) group and treated for 24 months. Besides albumin excretion rate (AER), urinary Type IV collagen excretion rate was also measured. RESULTS: Although, AER, urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and beta2-microglobulin excretion rates in the control group did not vary over 24 months, urinary Type IV collagen excretion rate in the control group increased time-dependently (p < 0.01 vs baseline at 18 months and p < 0.005 vs baseline at 24 months). In the ACE-I and probucol groups, time-dependent increases in urinary Type IV collagen excretion rates were not observed. In the ACE-I group, the urinary Type IV collagen excretion rate was significantly lower than that in the control group at 24 months (p < 0.05). In the probucol group, the urinary Type IV collagen excretion rate was significantly lower than that in the control group at 6 months (p < 0.05). In the ACE-I group, AER decreased significantly compared with baseline at 18 months (p < 0.05) and at 24 months (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: ACE-I has a beneficial effect and probucol may have a beneficial effect in preventing the progression of early diabetic nephropathy. Measurement of the urinary Type IV collagen excretion rate in combination with AER would be useful for the management of early renal involvement in Type II DM.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed2000

[Mycoses].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed2000

Cigarette smoking, CYP1A1 MspI and GSTM1 genotypes, and colorectal adenomas.

Cigarette smoking has been related to increased risk of colorectal adenomas, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Genetic polymorphisms are known for enzymes involved in the activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other tobacco-related carcinogens. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are activated by cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and detoxified by glutathione S-transferases. We investigated the relation of CYP1A1 MspI and GSTM1 genotypes to the risk of colorectal adenomas with special reference to interaction with cigarette smoking among 205 cases of colorectal adenomas and 220 controls with normal total colonoscopy in a male Japanese population. Cigarette smoking was strongly associated with increased risk of colorectal adenomas. Overall, neither the CYP1A1 MspI genotype nor the GSTM1 genotype was related to colorectal adenomas. A significant trend for increased risk of colorectal adenomas associated with smoking was observed for each of the CYP1A1 MspI genotypes, and the increasing trends did not differ by MspI genotype. The positive association between smoking and colorectal adenomas did not vary much with GSTM1 genotypes. Among former and current smokers, adenoma risk did not differ according to the combination of CYP1A1 MspI and GSTM1 genotypes. CYP1A1 MspI and GSTM1 genotypes do not seem to modify the risk of colorectal adenomas associated with cigarette smoking.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2000

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism and risk of colorectal adenomas.

A homozygous mutation at bp 677 in the gene for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) was previously shown to be associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer. We examined the relation between the MTHFR genetic polymorphism and risk of colorectal adenoma in Japanese men using 205 cases of colorectal adenomas and 220 controls of normal total colonoscopy. The homozygous mutation was not measurably associated with colorectal adenomas. The findings corroborate the lack of an association between the MTHFR genotype and colorectal adenomas, but do not deny the possibility that the genotype may be involved in the late stage of colorectal carcinogenesis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2000

Bladder-cancer incidence in relation to vegetable and fruit consumption: a prospective study of atomic-bomb survivors.

We examined the relation between consumption of 22 dietary items and subsequent bladder-cancer incidence in a cohort of atomic-bomb survivors in Japan. Subjects were 38,540 people (14,873 men and 23,667 women) who responded to a mail survey carried out between 1979 and 1981 and who had no known cancer diagnosed before the start of follow-up (1 January 1980 for men, 1 February 1981 for women). Consumption frequencies for 22 dietary items were ascertained with pre-coded answers. As of the end of 1993, there were 114 (83 men and 31 women) incident cases of bladder cancer among 450,326 person-years at risk. Statistical analysis was done using Poisson regression for grouped survival data Consumption of green-yellow vegetables and fruit were protectively associated with risk. Adjusted for gender, age, radiation exposure, smoking status, educational level, body-mass index and calendar time, the relative risk (RR) for those consuming green-yellow vegetables 2-4 times per week and almost everyday was 0.62 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39-0.98] and 0.54 (95% CI 0.30-0.94) respectively, as compared with those consuming once per week or less. The corresponding RR for fruit consumption was 0.50 (0.30-0.81) and 0.62 (0.39-0.99) respectively. Chicken consumption was unexpectedly associated with decreased risk, but additional adjustment for consumption did not change the relation of green-yellow vegetables or of fruit to risk. The consumption of the other dietary items, including meat and green tea, was not related to risk. The findings add to evidence that high consumption of vegetables and fruit are protective against bladder cancer.

Aged↗