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S Komenda

Publications and source records attributed to S Komenda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Chest diameters in the body mass forecast.

Two other body mass indices have been studied in the paper, by means of which the density is to measure human body has on the surface and in the volume of the hypothetic cylinder with the height equal to that of stature and with the circumference computed from the transverse and sagittal diameters of the chest. Thus we have to do with a modification of the procedure where the width and depth of chest were given by its circumference (mesosternale). The reason which made this modification interesting for us was in that the measurement of the transverse and sagittal diameter of the chest did not depend--when compared with the chest circumference measurement--so much on the muscular and fat tissue of the human body. Both these body mass indices have been used also to forecast body mass adequate to the respective skeletal space--surface and volume of the cylinder constructed by means of the dimensions of the skeleton: stature and transverse and sagittal diameter of the chest. Prediction efficiency of both these formulas has been verified numerically by means of an extensive data material of the Czechoslovak Spartakiade 1985, in dependence on sex and age. Information contribution of the chest diameters in the adequate body mass forecast proved to be doubtless. Besides it the possibility has been discussed to increase prediction reliability of body mass by combining both procedures under consideration with respect to the values of skeletal dimensions of the respective proband.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Effect of some drugs, experimental stress and estrus on unstable and fixed conditioned alimentary motor reflexes in cats. Reproduction and stress. Part V.

Reproduction of fixed conditioned alimentary motor reflexes in long-time laboratory kept cats in the course of the year is remarkably influenced by the sexual cycle. Estrus, anestrus, gestation and deliveries act upon the reflex reproduction in a similar way like deliberate application of experimental stress of various intensity. The study of the antistress efficacy of drugs modifying psychological functions and mental states in the method of reproduction of fixed alimentary motor reflexes under stress must specify the actual effect of experimental stress. Experimental sensory stress represented by intermittent sound of 98 dB and intermittent light (0.6 joules) acting with simultaneous frequency of 6 Hz was found to generally impair reflex reproduction over the whole period of twelve months. Correct response latencies were significantly prolonged and incorrect motor reactions significantly increased. If reflex reproduction was impaired due to the sexual cycle, simultaneous sensory stress still aggravates the impairment. The definition of the actual efficacy of experimental stressing thus necessarily requires regular control experiments in the course of the year with reproduction influenced neither by stress nor drugs at least at forthightly intervals.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of some drugs, experimental stress and estrus on unstable and fixed conditioned alimentary motor reflexes in cats. Meclophenoxate, chlorprothixen, caffeine, piracetam. Part VI.

A group of 10 cats, both sexes, were studied for the effect of peroral administration of the meclophenoxate (Cetrexin, Léciva, 1.5 mg kg-1) + chlorprothixen (Chlorprothixen, Spofa, 0.045 mg kg-1) + caffeine (Coffeinum natrium benzoicum, Spofa, 0.15 mg kg-1) combination upon the fixation of conditioned alimentary motor reflexes to a sound signal in the course of a 10-week experiment. The mentioned combination of drugs demonstrated a beneficial protective influence on the fixed alimentary motor reflexes against laboratory stress. The results were compared with the earlier fixation of the same reflexes in another group of 11 cats under piracetam (Nootropil, U.C.B. 20 mg kg-1, s.c.). In both groups of animals, the development of reflexes was performed in regular alterations of experiments under the effect of the drugs and control experiments. The drugs were administered 1 hour before the experiments. Both groups of animals showed significantly fewer intersignal and other incorrect motor reactions on the days they were given the drugs than the controls did. The number of fixed correct reactions and their latencies displayed only moderate insignificant differences between the pharmacological trials and the controls. The conclusions is that the actual development of conditioned alimentary motor reflexes was not found to be influenced by the action of the mentioned drugs modifying psychological functions and mental states.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Sex determination from the hyoid bone by means of discriminant analysis.

Sex diagnosis of skeletal remains represents one of the main problems in the forensic osteological practice. The purpose of the paper was to apply discriminant analysis as the method of its solution--in the set of measurements carried out on the hyoid bone. Classical procedure by R. A. Fisher yielded the set of linear discriminant functions applicable also in cases of injured bones, which is the relatively frequent situation. Information efficiency of the method proved to be quite satisfactory--in case of complete set of all six measurement level of misclassification should not reach over four per cent of the items to diagnose.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Modified allometric function in the body mass forecast.

This paper is a contribution to the problem of an optimum forecast of body mass by means of the skeletal dimensions stature and chest circumference. Application of the basic equation valid for allometric functions made it possible to estimate the power of chest circumference in the forecast formula as approximately 1.7 for males and 1.6 for females. In such a formula the respective body mass index seems to be almost independent of age, for both males and females. Reliability of the procedure under consideration will be the object of an evaluation in another study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Body mass indices based on the chest diameters.

There is a series of indices used in the physical anthropology by means of which human body mass is related to some dimensions or functions of dimensions of the skeleton. Physical dimension of these indices is that of the density - in the lengths, surfaces or volumes. Among those functions also the cylinder is considered the height of which coincides with that of the body and the circumference of which is the same as the chest circumference. Main advantage of the chest circumference to use is the simplicity of its measurement by means of the tape easy to apply; disadvantage is that chest circumference is not the purely skeletal dimension. Skeleton cylinder of this kind can be defined also through the procedure where chest circumference is substituted by the transversal and sagittal diameter of the chest. In the paper body mass indices have been introduced based on these chest diameters, the formulas derived of the adequate body mass prediction and those for the computation of overweight as well. Applicability of the formulas derived theoretically has been verified in some particular cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

On acute effects of some drugs on the higher nervous activity in man. Ethanol (0.5 g/kg) and its interaction with diazepam (5 mg) and meclophenoxate (100 mg). Part LVIII.

1. Acute effects of ethanol (0.5 g/kg of body weight) and its interactions with diazepam (5 mg) and meclophenoxate (100 mg) and placebo on the higher nervous activity were tested on a group of 16 healthy and unfatigued volunteers-university students (8 females, 8 males, aged 21 years). The experimental subjects were given the following combinations of the studied drugs: (a) Ethanol plus meclophenoxate, (b) Ethanol plus placebo, (c) Ethanol plus diazepam, (d) Placebo solution plus placebo. The method of artificial conditioned speech connections was made use of. Three statistically balanced trials were always carried out: before, and one and two hours after the administration of the tested drug combinations during the early and late forenoon hours. The investigation-sets consisted of two optic, two complex tactile, and two acoustic associations. The criteria for the evaluation of the results were the number of repetitions necessary for mastering the given task, then the number of correct responses and the frequencies of responses in the first eight repetitions of the sets when the active knowledge of the persons under investigation was tested. 2. One hour after the application, there appeared a statistically significant impairment in NNR and NCR, both after ethanol alone and ethanol in combinations with diazepam and meclophenoxate. The frequency of responses was impaired only after the combination of ethanol plus diazepam. 3. Two hours after the administration, the combinations of ethanol plus diazepam and ethanol plus meclophenoxate impaired significantly the number of necessary repetitions. NCR impairment was observed only after application of ethanol with diazepam. Ethanol administered separately did not impair the followed up characteristics of learning. 4. The most marked effect appeared during the formation of artificial conditioned speech connections with acoustic stimuli.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Acute effects of ethanol (0.5 mg/kg) and its interaction with diazepam (5 mg) and meclophenoxate (100 mg) on the blood pressure, the body temperature and the heart rate in man.

1. In the course of an experiment in which acute effects of perorally applied ethanol alone (0.5 g/kg of body weight) or in combination with diazepam (5 mg) and meclophenoxate (100 mg) on verbal learning were studied, the values of the blood pressure, the body temperature and the heart rate of experimental subject were simultaneously registered with the help of polyphysiograph Physiomat. 2. The method of artificial conditioned speech connections was adopted. The experimental subjects were 16 healthy and unfatigued volunteers - university students (8 females, 8 males, age 21 years). The investigation-sets consisted of two optic, two complex tactile, and two acoustic associations. Three trials were always carried out: before, and one and two hours after the administration of the studied drugs. 3. The values of the blood pressure, the body temperature and the heart rate were not significantly influenced by the applied substances. Only two hours after application of ethanol in combination with diazepam, a marked decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was registered in comparison with the values observed after application of placebo.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Reliability of the body mass prediction by means of indices.

By the body mass indices the density is given, human body has in some abstract skeletal space. This skeletal space has been delimited by means of stature and chest circumference of the subject; these indices can serve not only as the characteristics of body composition, but also as a tool through which the body mass is to evaluate, adequate to the given skeletal space. Eight body mass indices of this kind have been introduced and the prediction formulas studied in our previous papers; besides it the procedure of computation of the prediction reliability has been derived, based on the mean square deviation between the actual and predicted values of body mass in the reference set of subjects. Relative reliability of the particular prediction formulas is depending not only on the sex and age of a subject, but also on the part of the skeletal space into which the subject belongs. The purpose of the study is to search for the rules which enable to optimize the choice of the prediction formula in dependence on the sex, age and skeletal dimensions of the subject, the adequate body mass of whom is to compute.

Age Factors↗