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S Koike

Publications and source records attributed to S Koike.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Involvement of carbon monoxide in the innervation of the canine cervical esophagus and trachea.

We investigated the involvement of carbon monoxide (CO) in the innervation of the canine cervical esophagus and trachea by means of immunohistochemistry using an antiserum against heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2). We detected HO-2-immunoreactive nerve fibers around the blood vessels and submucosal glands of the esophagus and trachea. We found HO-2-immunoreactive neurons in ganglia in the trachea and in the myenteric plexus of the esophagus. These results suggest that CO is involved as a neurotransmitter in the innervation of the canine esophagus and trachea.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Discrimination of alcoholic from virus-induced cirrhosis on MR imaging.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether MR features help to differentiate virus-induced cirrhosis from alcoholic cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MR examinations of 53 patients with cirrhosis (38 men and 15 women; age range, 28-73 years) caused by hepatitis B (n = 16), hepatitis C (n = 18), or alcohol abuse (n = 19) were retrospectively reviewed independently by two radiologists. The following MR features were assessed by each radiologist independently: volume indexes of the spleen and of each liver segment (based on 3-axis measurements), the nodularity of the surface, and the presence of regenerative nodules, ascites, iron or fat deposition, varices or collateral veins, the right posterior hepatic notch, and an expanded gallbladder fossa. RESULTS: The mean values of the volume index of the caudate lobe were significantly greater (p < 0.0001) in the group with alcoholic cirrhosis than those in the group with viral cirrhosis. The frequency of visualization of the right posterior hepatic notch in the patients with alcoholic cirrhosis was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than that in the patients with viral cirrhosis. The size of regenerative nodules of the liver in the patients with cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B was significantly greater (p < 0.02) than that in the patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. CONCLUSION: Enlargement of the caudate lobe and the presence of the right posterior hepatic notch on MR imaging are more frequent findings of alcoholic cirrhosis than of virus-induced cirrhosis.

Female↗
PubMed2000

[Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumors--intranasal procedures].

We have been performing intranasal procedures and postoperative nasal treatments in patients undergoing microscopic transseptal pituitary surgery for the past twenty years. This surgery is safe and minimally invasive and has become the standard procedure for removing pituitary adenomas. Recent advances in optical technology have increased the use of endoscopy in endonasal sinus surgery. Several methods for endoscopic transnasal pituitary surgery have been reported. Here, we report the results for 31 patients (34 operations) who were treated with endoscopic transnasal pituitary surgery. This technique enables the area of surgery to be visualized without requiring a sublabial incision or septal ablation to be performed. Five of the cases were for recurrences after microscopic surgery. A transsphenoidal surgical approach via a unilateral nasal cavity was used in 32 cases. For the remaining two cases, a transsphenoidal surgical approach via bilateral nasal cavities was used in 1 case, and a transethmoidal-transsphenoidal surgical approach via a unilateral nasal cavity was used in 1 case. Excellent results comparable to those of microscopic transseptal surgery were obtained. Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery was found to have the following advantages: low-invasiveness, a wide and clear surgical view, and a relatively short operating time in the nose and sinus, especially for recurrent cases. This endoscopic procedure should therefore be considered as the first choice for pituitary surgery.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2000

[Use of passing intestine pump (EN) from home ingredient nutrition passing pipe nutrition method (HEN) in home medical treatment support].

Introducing the passing intestine pump (EN) into home medical treatment from October 1999 for passing intestine nutrition management, and to the passing intestine nutrition management to the management is thought to increase the quality of life (QOL) of the patient and the family. The life style of the patient broadens and this seems to be an effective piece of home support equipment. We here in report the actual general management of the passing intestine pump in home medical treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Impaired respiratory mechanics in pulmonary emphysema: evaluation with dynamic breathing MRI.

To evaluate impaired respiratory mechanics in pulmonary emphysema, dynamic breathing magnetic resonance imaging (BMRI) was acquired with fast-gradient echo pulse sequences at fixed thoracic planes over two to three slow, deep respiratory cycles in 6 controls and 28 patients with pulmonary emphysema including 9 patients undergoing lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS). Respiratory motions of the diaphragm and chest wall (D/CW) were assessed by a cine-loop view, a fusion display of maximal inspiratory and expiratory images, and the time-distance curves. By contrast with normal subjects with regular synchronous D/CW motions, the patients frequently showed reduced, irregular, or asynchronous motions, with significant decreases in the maximal amplitude of D/CW motions (MAD and MACW), and the length of apposition of the diaphragm (LAD) (P < 0.0001, P < 0.001, P < 0. 01, respectively). After LVRS, nine patients showed improvements in D/CW configuration and mobility, with significantly increased MAD, MACW, and LAD (P < 0.01, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.05, respectively). In 40 studies of 28 patients including the post-LVRS examinations, the normalized MAD and MACW significantly correlated with %FEV(1) (r = 0. 881 and r = 0.906; P < 0.0001, respectively). BMRI seems useful for noninvasively and directly assessing the impaired respiratory mechanics associated with abnormal ventilation in pulmonary emphysema, and also for monitoring the effects of LVRS. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:510-520.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma complicated by multiple gastrointestinal involvement.

We report a rare case of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)-like T-cell lymphoma complicated by multiple gastrointestinal involvement, which appeared to be ameliorated by chemotherapy but resulted in perforative peritonitis. A 66-year-old Japanese woman who had generalized lymphadenopathy and eruptions was admitted to our hospital because of bloody stool. Colonoscopic examination revealed hemorrhagic ulcers in the terminal ileum and a saucer-like ulcer in the cecum. Gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed several ulcerative or elevated lesions in stomach and duodenum. Biopsy specimens of these lesions and of a lymph node showed characteristic histological features of IBL-like T-cell lymphoma. The initial treatment with prednisolone (PSL) and cyclophosphamide (CPA) was effective. Six months after the treatment, however, she developed bloody stool again caused by multiple ulcerative lesions in the large intestine. The recurrence of the disease was determined histologically, and four courses of CPA, PSL, vinblastine sulfate and doxorubicin hydrochloride (CHOP) therapy were administered. One month after completing the CHOP therapy, she developed intestinal obstruction and then acute peritonitis resulting from perforation at an ulcer scar in the jejunum. Surgical treatment was successful, and histological examination demonstrated no lymphoma cells in the resected specimen. A gastrointestinal perforation should be recognized as a potential complication of IBL-like T-cell lymphoma, even during remission.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Neurochemical substances in neurons of the canine intrinsic laryngeal muscles.

The localization of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), catecholamines (CA) and carbon monoxide (CO) in neurons of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles of the dog was investigated using immunohistochemistry. Cells with VIP-like immunoreactivity were found between the striated muscle fibres of the cricothyroid and posterior cricoarytenoid muscles, some aggregated into a ganglion and some solitary. Neurons with immunoreactivity to haem oxygenase-2 (HO-2), an immunohistochemical marker for CO, were also seen. VIP-or HO-2-negative cells also existed in various numbers in the intramuscular ganglia. No CGRP-like immunoreactive neurons were found although CGRP-like immunoreactive varicose fibres were seen in the intramuscular ganglia. No neurons or fibres immunoreactive to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the key enzyme in synthesis of CA, were detected. The exact function of these intramuscular ganglia is yet to be clarified, but they may be sensory neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Accelerated reoxygenation of a murine fibrosarcoma after carbon-ion radiation.

PURPOSE: Reoxygenation of a murine tumour after irradiation with carbon ions was investigated and compared to that after gamma-rays. MATERIALS AND METHODS: NFSa fibrosarcoma cells were transplanted into the right hind legs of syngeneic C3H male mice. Conditioning irradiation with either 290 MeV/u carbon ions or 137-Cs gamma-rays was delivered to the tumours at 8 mm diameter. At given times after irradiation the leg tumours, either clamped or not, received test doses of photons. Differences in tumour growth delay between the clamped and non-clamped tumours were interpreted in terms of reoxygenation. A lung-colony assay was used to obtain cell-survival curves. RESULTS: The oxygen enhancement ratio in the NFSa tumour for 74 keV microm(-1) carbon ions was 1.6 while that for gamma-rays was 3.4. The NFSa tumours reoxygenated 4 days after 30 Gy of gamma-ray irradiation, but reoxygenated as early as 1 day after 16 Gy of carbon ions. Reoxygenation after gamma-rays shortened to 1 day when the tumours were initially clamped for the conditioning irradiation. CONCLUSIONS: The fraction of surviving oxic cells in the NFSa tumours is larger after irradiation with carbon ions than with gamma-rays, resulting in accelerated reoxygenation.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Acanthotic type of eccrine poroma on the arm: report of a case.

A 72-year-old Japanese man with eccrine poroma on the arm is described. To the best of our knowledge, he is the fifth patient with this tumor on the arm reported from Japan. The histopathological type of the tumor of our patient was unique because it was acanthotic; those of the previous patients were all of the intradermal type.

Acrospiroma↗
PubMed1999

Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators involved in laryngeal innervation.

The distribution and role of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in laryngeal innervation are reviewed, and our recent findings regarding the nitrergic innervation of the larynx are demonstrated for the better understanding of the complexity of the laryngeal innervation system. Noradrenergic innervation of the larynx was studied with fluorescence histochemistry and electron microscopy after application of 5-hydroxydopamine. These studies confirmed the existence of noradrenergic innervation for the submucosal glands and blood vessels, and the origin and course of noradrenergic nerve fibers contained in the laryngeal nerves and their destinations in the larynx. Cholinergic innervation of the larynx has not been clarified in detail. Many kinds of neuropeptides have been demonstrated to be involved in laryngeal innervation. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide originating from intralaryngeal ganglionic neurons participates in laryngeal vasodilation and reduction of laryngeal seromucous secretion. Neuropeptide Y nerve fibers are few in the larynx, and most originate from the superior cervical ganglion. They are distributed around the large or medium-sized blood vessels, especially arteries. They are also associated with excretory structures. Substance P was the first neuropeptide found to be a sensory neurotransmitter in the laryngeal afferent system. It is also involved in regulation of laryngeal blood flow and secretion. Calcitonin gene-related peptide is associated with the sensory, autonomic, and motor innervation of the larynx. The majority of enkephalin nerve fibers are located close to excretory structures, although no information on the physiological significance of enkephalin is available. In addition to the above neuropeptides, the peptides histidine isoleucine, histidine methionine, and helospectin have been shown to exist in the larynx. The nitrergic innervation of the larynx has been recently studied with NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry and immunohistochemistry using antiserum against nitric oxide synthase. Nitric oxide originates from the neurons in the intralaryngeal ganglia and is believed to modulate blood flow and secretion of the larynx. It controls the laryngeal exocrine secretion in cooperation with intrinsic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and/or extrinsic calcitonin gene-related peptide. Nitric oxide from the nodose ganglion may modulate nociception of the larynx. The existence of nitrergic neurons located in the intrinsic laryngeal muscles has been demonstrated. Many of them are bipolar or pseudounipolar, so they might be sensory in nature. The effect of injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the induction of nitric oxide synthase in the laryngeal motoneurons is also discussed.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1999

Using helical CT to evaluate renal cell carcinoma in patients undergoing hemodialysis: value of early enhanced images.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate early and delayed enhanced helical CT for revealing renal cell carcinoma in patients undergoing hemodialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over the course of 3 years, 630 chronic hemodialysis patients underwent early and delayed contrast-enhanced and unenhanced helical CT to detect renal cell carcinoma. Retrospective review showed that 23 of these patients later underwent either unilateral or bilateral nephrectomy. Two radiologists, unaware of the pathology results, independently reviewed these 23 examinations. The sensitivity and specificity of each early and delayed scan for revealing neoplasms were determined using pathology as the gold standard. The mean attenuation values of the neoplasms and parenchymas of end-stage kidneys on both early and delayed enhanced images were also compared. RESULTS: Helical CT revealed 225 lesions, 24 of which were found to be renal cell carcinomas at pathology. Delayed enhanced helical CT failed to detect one papillary carcinoma in an end-stage kidney with acquired cysts. Three nonpapillary carcinomas were not detected on delayed scans, and one was missed on an early scan of a patient without acquired cysts. The sensitivity and specificity of early enhanced CT for revealing renal cell carcinoma were 96% and 95%, respectively. In contrast, delayed enhanced CT achieved a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 94%. A significant difference in mean attenuation values between carcinomas and renal parenchymas was observed on the images with early enhancement but not on those with delayed enhancement (p < .0001). CONCLUSION: Early enhanced helical CT is superior to delayed enhanced helical CT for revealing renal cell carcinoma in end-stage kidneys.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1999

[Leiomyoma of the lung: a case report].

An asymptomatic 43-year-old female was admitted to the Hospital because of an abnormal nodule in the left lung field on screening chest X-ray. Chest CT showed a tumor shadow mass (4 x 3 cm) in the left lower lobe. Bronchofiberscopy revealed an endobronchial polypoid mass obstructing the lower lobe bronchus at the orifice of left B10. Lt lower lobectomy was performed. Histopathological examination of the specimen showed the tumor (4.5 x 3.6 x 3.6 cm) developing not only within the tracheal lumen, but also in the lung tissue. Because immunohistochemical staining for desmin and alpha-smooth muscle actin was positive, we diagnosed leiomyoma. As MRI revealed multiple uterine masses after operation, we discussed the diagnostic problems in the relation to metastasizing leiomyoma of the uterus.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Evidence for mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by X-ray irradiation in a lung squamous carcinoma cell line.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a multipotent cytokine which plays an important role in various angiogenic conditions as well as in some tumor behaviors. Here we examined the induction of VEGF mRNA by X-ray irradiation in a lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line (RERF-LC-AI). Irradiating the cells with 15 Gy X-rays significantly increased the mRNA expression up to 2.5-fold of control at a post-irradiation time of 16-24 h. The induction of VEGF mRNA by X-ray irradiation was completely blocked by treating cells with either genistein (Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor) or H7 (protein kinase C inhibitor). This suggests that the mechanism of induction might be concerned with the pathway which triggers Src tyrosine kinase of the cell surface and the protein kinase C pathway.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1998

Multiple carcinoids of the duodenum accompanied by type I familial multiple endocrine neoplasia.

A case of multiple carcinoid tumors of the duodenum accompanied by familial multiple endocrine neoplasia is reported. A 46-year-old man with duodenal polyps discovered during a mass screening was followed up for 5 years. In August 1994, a histological examination revealed carcinoid tumors, and he was thus referred to our hospital for surgery. He underwent a parathyroidectomy and cholecystectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism and cholecystolithiasis, respectively. The patient's sister had also undergone a parathyroidectomy and distal pancreatectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism and insulinoma of the pancreas. In addition, his two children were also followed up for hypercalcemia. A serum examination of the patient revealed high levels of somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide, but normal levels of gastrin and serotonin. In November 1994, a pancreaticoduodenectomy with a D2 lymph node dissection was performed. The macroscopic findings of the resected specimen showed multiple polypoid lesions with delles on the top, measuring 3 to 15 mm in size throughout the duodenum. A microscopic examination revealed the tumor to have infiltrated into the submucosa extensively, and an immunohistochemical analysis also demonstrated the tumor cells to be positive for somatostatin, but not for pancreatic polypeptide. After surgery, the serum level of somatostatin returned to normal but the pancreatic polypeptide remained high. The post-operative course was uneventful, and the patient remains in good health.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1998

Biotransformation of digitoxigenin by cultured Strophanthus hybrid cells.

Hybrid cells between Strophanthus gratus and S. amboensis were obtained by electrofusion and confirmed to be hybrids through isozyme and RFLP analyses. Because a new and hybrid compound, 17 beta H-periplogenin beta-D-glucoside, was isolated as a biotransformation product of digitoxigenin by the hybrid cells, isomerization of 17 beta-lactone ring on S. gratus and glucosylation on S. amboensis were demonstrated simultaneously as the biotransformation abilities in the hybrid cells. Moreover, the productivity of the hybrid compound was increased by raising the sucrose concentration.

Biotransformation↗