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Biomedical subjects

S Kohno

Publications and source records attributed to S Kohno.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Chromosome elimination in the Japanese hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri (Agnatha, Cyclostomata).

The modal number of chromosomes in Eptatretus burgeri was 36 in 297 (81.8%) of 363 somatic cells, 52 in 13 (30.2%) of 43 spermatogonia, and 25 (46.8%) or 26 (40.3%) in 162 of 186 first spermatocytes. The relative amount of DNA in a somatic cell to that in a spermatogonium averaged 79.2%. C-band-positive chromatin was observed along almost the entire length of the associated dumbbell-shaped bivalents and part of two other bivalents in the metaphases of first spermatocytes, but was rarely observed in somatic cells. These results indicate that, in E. burgeri, chromosome elimination takes place during the early stages of cleavage, except for the ancestral germ-line cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cytogenetic studies of Hynobiidae (Urodela). IV. DNA replication bands (R-banding) in the genus Hynobius and the banding karyotype of Hynobius nigrescens Stejneger.

The R-banding technique of Dutrillaux et al. (1973) was modified in order to analyze the chromosomes of salamanders in the genus Hynobius. Embryonic cells of Hynobius nigrescens Stejneger from Nakakubiki County, Niigata Prefecture, and Hakui County, Ishikawa Prefecture, were cultured in medium containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Banded metaphases were obtained by the FPG (fluorescent-plus-Giemsa) technique (Perry and Wolff, 1974), with slight modifications. With this modified R-banding technique, multiple, clear DNA replication bands were obtained on the chromosomes, and 18 of 28 chromosome pairs could be identified easily by their replication patterns in embryos collected from Nakakubiki County. A distinct heteromorphism in banding pattern was detected on the long arm of chromosome 9 in these embryos, but the frequency of this variant was too low for chromosome 9 to be a sex chromosome. Chromosomes 1-14, except for 6, 12 (for which the data were not satisfactory), and 9 (the variant type from Nakakubiki County), had the same replication patterns in embryos obtained from Nakakubiki and Hakui Counties.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of Branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections.

The clinical significance of Branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections is evaluated. 175 strains were isolated, mainly from the sputum, in 71 patients with respiratory infections. B. catarrhalis was most frequently isolated in mixed infections with Haemophilus influenzae (38.3%), H. influenzae plus Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%) or S. pneumoniae (9.7%). The rate of isolation of B. catarrhalis alone was as low as 5.1% and from mixed infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter and/or Klebsiella species it was 36.6%. More than 10(7) cfu/ml of B. catarrhalis were isolated from 71.4% of cases. In 29 cases the organism was determined to be causative according to our criteria, most often in secondary infections in patients with complicated pneumoconiosis, chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis. 29 of 47 strains (61.7%) produced beta-lactamase of the penicillinase type. Against these strains, penicillin antibiotics and first and second generation cephalosporin antibiotics (except cefroxadine) showed weak activity compared with their activity against non-beta-lactamase-producing strains. The third generation cephalosporins showed a uniform spectrum of activity against both groups of organisms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

A case of Behçet's syndrome with rupture of a pulmonary aneurysm: autopsy findings and a literature review.

A 34 year old man suffering from oral and genital ulceration with uveitis (the complete type of Behçet's syndrome) developed fluctuating radiological opacities in the right lung and showed recurrent hemoptysis. Pulmonary angiography showed multiple aneurysms and obstruction of the pulmonary arteries. After he was treated with prednisolone, the symptoms and pulmonary manifestation improved temporarily. However, he died suddenly from a massive hemoptysis. An autopsy revealed the aneurysmal rupture of right basilar branch of pulmonary artery into the right B6 bronchus. Histopathological findings in the lung showed multiple organized thrombi, inflammatory infiltration and vascular wall destruction of pulmonary arteries of various sizes. Only 47 previously reported cases of Behçet's syndrome which showed pulmonary involvements were revealed by a search of the published literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of astromicin by intravenous drip infusion. Report I. Bacterial infections in the field of internal medicine].

Intravenous drip infusion of a new aminoglycoside agent, astromicin (ASTM), was used against various infections in the field of internal medicine, and its clinical efficacy and safety were studied. Clinical effects were evaluated in 105 among 111 patients administered with ASTM. Almost all the patients were given 200 mg of ASTM twice a day by intravenous drip infusion for 60 minutes. Among 105 cases, clinical effects of ASTM were excellent in 15, good in 56, fair in 10 and poor in 24. The number of cases who were judged as excellent or good was 71, and the efficacy rate was 67.6%. Efficacy rates classified by diseases were as follows; 80% (4/5 cases) in sepsis, 55.6% (5/9 cases) in urinary tract infections, and 68.1 (62/91 cases) in respiratory tract infections (RTI). In 91 cases with RTI, clinical effects of ASTM were excellent in 14, good in 48, fair in 9 and poor in 20. The efficacy rates classified by diseases of RTI were 77.3% (34/44 cases) in pulmonary parenchyma infection and 59.6% (28/47 cases) in chronic RTI and others. As subjective and objective side effects, tinnitus and malaise were observed in 5 (4.5%) of 110 patients evaluated for side effects. But, either symptom was mild and disappeared after the end or withdrawal of administration. Slight elevations of S-GPT, BUN and others were observed in 7 cases (6.4%) as abnormal laboratory test values. Safety and efficacy of intravenous drip infusion of ASTM were confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Serological survey of T-lymphocyte differentiation antigens in wild mice.

Allelic distributions of Thy-1, Ly-1, and Ly-2 antigens in wild mice are characteristic of each Mus musculus subspecies. Eastern mice (M.m.molossinus, M.m.musculus, M.m.castaneus, M.m.bactrianus) express the Thy-1.1 antigen, whereas Western mice (M.m.domesticus, M.m.brevirostris) express the Thy-1.2. All mice from wild populations examined in this survey express the Ly-1.2. The Ly-2.1 is distributed in Eastern mice and some Western mice, and the Ly-2.2 is found in the remaining Western mice. Allelic distributions of these antigens were also examined in two other species, Mus spretus and Mus spicilegus. Allelic constitutions of Thy-1 and Ly-1 in these species are similar to those of Eastern mice. Some M.spicilegus, however, express the Ly-1.1 antigen. This antigenic type is not found in M.musculus. Some Eastern mice related to M.m.castaneus react weakly to Ly-1.2-specific and Ly-2.1-specific monoclonal antibodies in both the complement-mediated cytotoxicity test and the absorption test. These results suggest that M.m.castaneus has unique alleles in the Ly-1 and Ly-2 loci.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1985

A new type of laryngotracheoesophageal cleft with extended bronchoesophageal cleft.

A case of total laryngotracheoesophageal cleft with extended fronchoesophageal cleft is reported. The baby had a long cleft not only on the whole length of the laryngotracheoesophagus but it also extended to the right lower bronchus and esophagus. It was associated with right upper bronchial stenosis, sequestration of right lower lobe, and a complex cardiovascular anomaly. There have been no reports of this extended type of cleft in the 59 reported cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1985

Production of monoclonal antibodies against Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1.

Four monoclonal antibodies to Legionella pneumophila Philadelphia 1 were produced by the fusion of immunized BALB/c lymphocytes to a murine myeloma cell line. Two (Lp1-1 and Lp1-3) of the four monoclonal antibodies reacted with 14 L. pneumophila serogroup 1 strains, and the other (Lp1-2 and Lp1-4) reacted with only three out of 20 strains tested. These four monoclonal antibodies did not bind to any strains of L. pneumophila serogroup 2-7 and other Legionella species. In addition, it has been shown that these monoclonal antibodies may be useful not only for subserotyping of L. pneumophila but also for retrospective diagnosis using immunopathological methods.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Studies on toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced delayed type hypersensitivity.

The toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced delayed type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH) in the ear of male mice was investigated and compared with the picryl chloride (PC)-induced one. The results obtained were as follows: 1) When 1% TDI solution (20 microliters/ear) as a challenging concentration was used for 7 weeks-old ICR mice, distinct ear swelling was observed in every group sensitized with various concentrations (1-5%, 100 microliters/animal) of TDI solution, and the swelling rate was the same or higher than that of PC-induced DTH. 2) Five, 7 and 13 weeks-old ICR mice showed a similar high response in TDI-induced DTH, whereas the reactivity of 16 weeks-old ICR mice was significantly lower than that of the above-mentioned younger mice. 3) In both TDI- and PC-induced DTH, ICR and BALB/c mice showed a similar high response, whereas the reactivity of ddY mice was significantly lower. The relationship between increase of the ear swelling and the amount of Evans' blue dye leaked being regarded as the intensity of its vasopermeability was also studied. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The dye leakage reached the maximum at 20 hr after challenge in sensitized mice. This peak preceded slightly that of the ear swelling (25 hr after challenge). 2) A positive correlation was observed between ear swelling and dye leakage (r = 0.87, P less than 0.01). The effects of dexamethasone (DX) and indomethacin (IM) were investigated with the TDI-induced DTH model. The DTH reaction was suppressed significantly by both drugs, but the suppressive effects of DX were higher than that of IM. All the above results indicate that the TDI-induced DTH model in mice taking dye leakage as an index may be useful for evaluation of drugs for disorders derived from DTH reactions.

Animals↗