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Biomedical subjects

S Klein

Publications and source records attributed to S Klein.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternal perception of preterm labor: is it reliable?

The objective of this study was to determine the reliability of maternal perception of uterine contractions and the influence of gestational age and maternal training on the perception level. Three hundred fifty patients at high risk for preterm delivery were followed from 20 to 35 weeks of gestation. The average maternal perception (79%) of contractions did not significantly vary as a function of gestational age. Four groups of women were identified according to the perception index (PI) defined as the ratio of contractions felt by the mother and the contractions documented by tocodynamometer. Within each group, the PI did not significantly vary during consecutive monitoring sessions, as the women become more familiar with self detection of uterine contractions (R < .65, P > .95). Twenty-one percent (+/-5%) of all preterm uterine contractions were not perceived by the pregnant women from 21 to 35 weeks. Thirty-two patients (9.1%) fail to perceive most or all uterine contractions while 189 (54%) detect most or all at any time during the study period.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increased levels of circulating interleukin-6 in patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-6 receptors has been demonstrated in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H and RS) cells in vitro and in vivo. In order to evaluate the clinical significance of IL-6 serum levels in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), we tested the sera of 56 untreated patients with HD by means of a sensitive sandwich ELISA. While IL-6 was only rarely detectable in healthy controls or patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 32 of 56 patients (57 per cent) had detectable IL-6 levels (range 12-32 pg/ml). The rates of detectable IL-6 levels and the median levels were not correlated with age, sex, histological subtype, stage or the presence of B-symptoms, nor with any of a wide spectrum of laboratory parameters tested, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, total leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, serum levels of soluble CD8, CD25 or CD30. The rates of complete remissions and freedom from treatment failure were not different in IL-6-negative and IL-6-positive patients. Except in one of 23 follow-up sera taken after therapy, IL-6 was no longer detectable even for patients who suffered from progressing disease, suggesting that the neoplastic H and RS cells are not the major source of circulating IL-6.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro differentiation of a Hodgkin's disease derived cell line.

We have examined the Hodgkin's disease derived cell line Co in terms of its capacity to differentiate in vitro. Co cells show the characteristics of immature T cells and express CD3 molecules in the cytoplasm. On activation with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) these cells express the CD3 antigen and the T cell receptor alpha beta (TCR alpha beta) on the cell surface. Surface expression of the activation marker CD25 (IL2 receptor) was also greatly increased, whereas CD4 and CD8 levels were not altered. Supernatants of TPA-stimulated Co cells contained the cytokines IL2, IL3, IL4 and IL8, whereas these cytokines were not detected in the supernatants of untreated cells. Different subclones of the Co cell line differed in their response to TPA with respect to the induced CD3 and TCR expression. Our data demonstrate that a Hodgkin's disease derived cell line can be induced to differentiate in vitro from a pre-T cell phenotype towards a more mature T cell. It is possible that similar processes may occur in Hodgkin's disease in vivo.

CD3 Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Production of multiple cytokines by Hodgkin's disease derived cell lines.

The production of cytokines was analysed in Hodgkin's disease (HD) derived cell lines by enzyme linked immunosorbent tests (ELISA) and Northern blot experiments. Our results demonstrate that HD derived cell lines produce a variety of cytokines, such as IL1 alpha, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL8, TNF alpha, TNF beta and GM-CSF but not IL1 beta, IL2, IL3 and G-CSF. In cell lines with a high expression of CD25 (the light chain of the IL2 receptor), we found soluble IL2 receptors in the supernatants. In addition, receptors for IL6 could be detected in most of the HD derived cell lines. However the growth of HD derived cell lines, which produce IL6 and IL6 receptors could not be inhibited by anti-IL6 antibodies. From our data we conclude, that IL6 and additional cytokines may be involved in the biology of HD.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic and physical mapping of the chicken IGF1 gene to chromosome 1 and conservation of synteny with other vertebrate genomes.

The chicken insulin-like growth factor 1 gene has been assigned to the short arm of chromosome 1 near the centromere by fluorescence in situ hybridization and genetic linkage analysis. Comparison of physical and genetic linkage maps locates the centromere between the IGF1 and GAPD loci. Comparison of the genetic maps of chicken and other vertebrates reveals a highly conserved syntenic group, including the GAPD-IGF1 loci.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Faith communities and HIV/AIDS prevention in New York State: results of a statewide survey.

OBJECTIVES: The authors surveyed religious congregations in New York State to document the extent to which HIV/AIDS-related education and prevention services were being offered; to identify barriers to offering services; and to assess respondents' willingness to meet with HIV/AIDS service providers in their communities. METHODS: In October 1997, a questionnaire was mailed to all congregations in New York State. Due to an initially poor response rate, follow-up telephone interviews were made to a random sample of non-respondents. Survey responses were weighted to represent all congregations across New York State. RESULTS: Just 16.7% of congregations provided or facilitated HIV/AIDS-related prevention services. Respondents cited both attitudinal and resource-related reasons for not offering services. There was a striking discordance between respondents' perceptions of the need for HIV/AIDS prevention services in their communities and an objective measure of need created by the Health Department. Approximately half of survey respondents expressed willingness to meet with HIV/AIDS service providers. CONCLUSION: Follow-up efforts to increase the number of religious congregations providing, facilitating, or offering referrals to HIV/AIDS-related education and prevention services are warranted.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanisms of paraneoplastic syndromes in mice bearing a spontaneous lung adenocarcinoma.

Paraneoplastic syndromes are rarely described in animal models. It may be useful to have a suitable experimental model to study the mechanisms by which they are produced. In this study, we describe a murine lung adenocarcinoma, P07, which presents hypercalcemia, leukocytosis and cachexia. We determined the presence of PTHrP in plasma as well as GM-CSF produced by P07 cells. TNF-alpha, which is responsible for cachexia, could neither be detected in serum nor in P07 cell supernatants. We conclude that this model, which shows paraneoplastic syndromes similar to those of lung tumor patients, should be useful to study the pathways and significance of these signs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Substrate metabolism in humans: 1995 A.S.P.E.N. research workshop.

BACKGROUND: The 1995 A.S.P.E.N. Research Workshop was held at the annual meeting in Miami Beach, Florida, on January 15, 1995. The workshop focused on substrate metabolism in humans. METHODS: State-of-the-art presentations on the regulation of energy, carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism during health and disease were made by the preeminant leaders in the field. The presentations concentrated on in vivo studies performed in humans and included both recently published and unpublished data. RESULTS: Using sophisticated research methodology, such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, compartmental modeling, stable isotope tracers, microdialysis, and abdominal vein catheterization, the investigators presented data that clarified unresolved issues, challenged many previously held dogmas, and raised new questions for future investigations in human intermediary metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: This workshop demonstrated that in vivo investigation remains the best approach for providing physiologically relevant data in humans. An understanding of normal human physiology and the metabolic alterations caused by disease is critical for optimal nutritional and metabolic management of patients.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nutrition support in clinical practice: review of published data and recommendations for future research directions. National Institutes of Health, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and American Society for Clinical Nutrition.

In the last 30 years, marked advances in enteral feeding techniques, venous access, and enteral and parenteral nutrient formulations have made it possible to provide nutrition support to almost all patients. Despite the abundant medical literature and widespread use of nutritional therapy, many areas of nutrition support remain controversial. Therefore, the leadership at the National Institutes of Health, The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and The American Society for Clinical Nutrition convened an advisory committee to perform a critical review of the current medical literature evaluating the clinical use of nutrition support; the goal was to assess our current body of knowledge and to identify the issues that deserve further investigation. The panel was divided into five groups to evaluate the following areas: nutrition assessment, nutrition support in patients with gastrointestinal diseases, nutrition support in wasting diseases, nutrition support in critically ill patients, and perioperative nutrition support. The findings from each group are summarized in this report. This document is not meant to establish practice guidelines for nutrition support. The use of nutritional therapy requires a careful integration of data from pertinent clinical trials, clinical expertise in the illness or injury being treated, clinical expertise in nutritional therapy, and input from the patient and his/her family.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Advances in nutrition and gastroenterology: summary of the 1997 A.S.P.E.N. Research Workshop.

BACKGROUND: The 1997 A.S.P.E.N. Research Workshop was held at the annual meeting in San Francisco, on January 26, 1997. The workshop focused on advances in clinical and basic research involving the interface between nutrient and luminal gastroenterology. METHODS: Presentations on the genetic regulation of gastrointestinal development, the molecular biology of small intestinal adaptation, the effect of nutrition support on intestinal mucosal mass, the relationship between nutrition and gastrointestinal motility, nutrient absorption, and gastrointestinal tract substrate metabolism were made by the preeminent leaders in the field. RESULTS: The investigators presented an insightful analysis of each topic by reviewing data from their own laboratories and the published literature. CONCLUSIONS: This workshop underscored the important interactions between nutrition and luminal gastroenterology at the basic science, metabolic/physiologic, and clinical levels. The integration of presentations from the different disciplines provided a unique interaction of information and ideas to advance our understanding of nutrition and gastrointestinal tract.

Digestive System Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst in a patient with cyclic neutropenia.

A 16-year-old female with cyclic neutropenia (CN) was incidentally found to have a thoracic vertebral mass during the preoperative work-up for maxillary sinus surgery. An exploratory thoracotomy revealed a very vascular tumor involving T-10 and T-11 vertebral bodies. Gross total resection of the tumor was achieved. Pathology revealed a solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst. This is a rare benign neoplasm of bone more commonly seen in the mandible and facial bones as well as involving the small tubular bones of the hands and feet. Because of its rarity, location, and an unknown association with CN, we found this case worthwhile to publish.

Adolescent↗