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Biomedical subjects

S Klein

Publications and source records attributed to S Klein.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Fluorescein angiography in inflammation of the peripheral fundus: involvement of the choroid and retina. II.

Fluorescein angiographies were performed in 65 patients with peripheral uveitis. 34 subjects (52%) showed pathologic dye transit of the peripheral choroid. Fluorographic evidence of retinal involvement was high (91%), preferentially consisting in leakages from capillaries and venules. Fluorescein angiography was able to detect minute lesions and corresponded with the activity of the inflammation.

Choroiditis↗
PubMed1985

Identification and purification of human T-lymphocyte colony-enhancing factor, TLCEF: increased production by phorbol myristate acetate.

T-lymphocyte colony-enhancing factor (TLCEF), a growth factor for a minute subpopulation of T lymphocytes, is produced, along with other factors, by conditioned media (CM) of mononuclear cells following stimulation with T mitogens, such as phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). A combination of PHA and a co-mitogen, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), has been shown to have a synergistic effect on the production of TLCEF, yielding levels of activity eight to fifteen times higher than those obtained with either PHA or PMA alone. TLCEF was purified by ammonium sulphate, fractionation hydrophobic interaction chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose and gel filtration. The last step of this purification procedure yielded two peaks of activity purified 13,000- and 29,000-fold, respectively. The first peak eluted from the column with an average molecular weight of 125,000, whereas the second peak was retained on the gel, probably due to non-specific interactions with it. The purified fractions contained none of the following activities: T-cell growth factor (TCGF), colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), interleukin-3 (IL-3) and interferon. TCGF activity, which is known to be unstable at high degrees of purification, was already lost after the ammonium sulphate fractionation step, most probably because of the low protein and albumin concentrations (0.33 and 0.11 mg/ml, respectively). TLCEF is thus a more stable immunoregulatory factor than TCGF and has a much higher apparent molecular weight.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1985

Assessment of alanine, urea, and glucose interrelationships in normal subjects and in patients with sepsis with stable isotopic tracers.

The kinetic interactions among glucose, alanine, and urea metabolism were studied in both normal volunteers and in patients with sepsis by means of a primed, constant infusion of stable isotopes. In the normal volunteers, infusion of glucose at 4 mg/kg/min suppressed total glucose production, the rate of gluconeogenesis from alanine, and the production of urea, despite an increase in the rate of release and uptake of alanine. When the glucose infusion rate was increased to 8 mg/kg/min, the production of urea decreased further, even though gluconeogenesis from alanine was already suppressed by the first infusion. This additional N-sparing effect was explainable by an increase in glucose oxidation. In the patients with sepsis the basal rates of production of glucose and urea were elevated significantly. Glucose infusion (4 mg/kg/min) decreased hepatic glycogenolysis but not gluconeogenesis from alanine or urea production. At the glucose infusion rate of 8 mg/kg/min, glucose oxidation increased in the patients and urea production decreased. Thus in patients with sepsis a higher rate of glucose infusion is necessary to achieve nitrogen-sparing effects than is necessary in controls because of a lack of suppressibility of gluconeogenesis. Because of continued glucose production during glucose infusion, hyperglycemia commonly develops during glucose infusion in sepsis. However, this effect does not necessarily indicate a complete inability of the patient with sepsis to benefit nutritionally from infused glucose, as we observed no decrement in the ability to oxidize infused glucose.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Enhancement of the incidence of metastasis in tumor-resected mice. Influence of soluble tumor extract and splenectomy.

The M3 mammary tumor was transplantable in syngeneic BALB/c mice, and metastasized spontaneously into the lungs. When primary tumors were resected in early stages of evolution (10 days), the number of mice with lung metastasis decreased. When specific soluble tumor extracts, tumor cell culture supernatant or formalinized tumor cells were inoculated 2 and 4 days after surgery, an enhancement of lung metastasis was observed. When splenectomy was performed at the time of tumor resection, this enhancement was abrogated. These results suggest that tumor plasma cell membranes or the products released by them play an important role in dormant metastases growth, but only in the presence of the spleen, suggesting its involvement in the mechanism of the metastatic process.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Platelet adherence to bioprosthetic cardiac valves.

Tissue from porcine aortic bioprosthetic valves (Hancock) and bovine pericardial valves (Ionescu-Shiley) were incubated with platelets tagged with chromium-51. There was a significantly decreased platelet-collagen adhesion reaction in both porcine and bovine glutaraldehyde-treated valves compared with reactions in fresh porcine aortic valve and fresh bovine pericardium (p less than 0.001). There was no significant difference in the platelet-collagen reaction between porcine aortic valve and bovine pericardium, whether treated with glutaraldehyde or in the fresh state (p greater than 0.05). The addition of aspirin did not significantly decrease the platelet-collagen reaction on glutaraldehyde-treated or fresh valves (p greater than 0.05). Rinsing fresh valves in plasma appeared to offer more protection against platelet adhesion than rinsing them in saline solution (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that there is no difference in platelet adherence to porcine aortic valve or bovine pericardium and that glutaraldehyde, and perhaps plasma, offers a protective effect against platelet adhesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Correlates of the MMPI LB scale in a college population.

Administered the Low Back Pain Scale (LB) and the K Scale of the MMPI, the College Schedule of Recent Experience (CSRE), a psychosomatic disorder checklist, and the item, "I frequently have problems with my mother," to 53 male and 70 female college freshmen. Ss with a psychosomatic disorder scored higher on LB and on the CSRE. Females who reported problems with their mothers were more likely to have a psychosomatic disorder. The results suggest different etiology for psychosomatic disorders between males and females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Transformation reactions of special metals in organisms and in the environment. 2. Abiotic methylation reactions of mercury, especially by methyltin compounds and humic and fulvic acids].

Following a literature survey concerning abiological methylation reactions including transmethylation of mercury we present the results of transmethylation experiments. Model experiments in aqueous solution show an instantaneous methylation of mercuric chloride by mono-, di-, and trimethyltin chloride, the dimethyl compound having the highest rate of formation. The same is valid for similar experiments with soils, in which influences of the kind of soil also play a certain role. The methylation experiments of HgCl2 with humic and fulvic acids isolated from soil yielded positive results only in some few of the extracts and only with humic acid fractions.

Benzopyrans↗
PubMed1984

[Transformation reactions of special metals in organisms and in the environment. 3. In vivo reactions between mercury II chloride and monomethyltin trichloride in rats].

Following the comments on the metabolism and the toxicity of methylmercury compounds as well as on the interaction with food components and a few environmental chemicals from literature study, the results of the in vivo experiments for examining the reaction between HgCl2 and CH3SnCl3 in the gastrointestinal tract and the subsequent distribution of the formed methylmercury are reported. The reaction between both of the substances proceeding in aqueous solution with immediate formation of methylmercury also leads in the intestinal tract very rapidly to the formation of methylmercury and its distribution into various organs. An increase in the relative weight of liver and kidneys was evident.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Deletion of the IgH enhancer does not reduce immunoglobulin heavy chain production of a hybridoma IgD class switch variant.

Immunoglobulin (Ig) gene promotors are active only in cells of the B-lymphocyte lineage. Transfection experiments have shown that this is due in part to tissue specific 'activating' DNA sequences, so called enhancers. It is not entirely clear whether these sequences are necessary for initial activation or also for maintenance of transcription of a gene. We describe here the isolation and characterisation of a mouse hybridoma cell line that has deleted in vitro the 'activating' sequence from the active IgH locus, the only IgH locus it contains. Nevertheless, Ig heavy chain production of the variant cell is not impaired and remains comparable with that of other hybridoma cells. Therefore, a high rate of Ig heavy chain production in antibody-producing cells is either independent of any sequences enhancing transcription or else these can easily be replaced by other DNA sequences with a similar function that have been moved into the vicinity of the V region.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of a new defibrillation pathway: tongue-epigastric/tongue-apex route. II. Impedance characteristics in human subjects.

An automated device for defibrillation using a vertical shock pathway (tongue-epigastric or tongue-apex) has been developed. The energy requirements for defibrillation using vertical pathways are uncertain and will be determined largely by the impedance of the pathway. The purpose of this study was to determine the impedance characteristics of vertical defibrillation pathways in human subjects. Twenty patients undergoing elective cardioversion of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, or both, were studied. Patients received shocks from electrodes placed in tongue-epigastric or tongue-cardiac apex positions. The tongue electrode was a 12 cm2 metal plate fixed to a standard plastic oropharyngeal airway. The epigastric or cardiac apex electrode was a 40 cm2 self-adhesive pad. The electrodes were connected to a standard damped-sinusoidal waveform defibrillator. It was found that the two vertical shock pathways had substantially higher impedance than the standard transthoracic pathway: tongue-epigastric pathway 130 +/- 11 omega (SD), tongue-apex pathway 115 +/- 12 omega, transthoracic pathway 68 +/- 11 omega (p less than 0.05). The higher impedance is probably due to the longer interelectrode distances of vertical pathways: tongue-epigastric 33 +/- 3 cm, tongue-apex 28 +/- 3 cm, transthoracic 23 +/- 3 cm (p less than 0.05). Vertical pathway shocks were successful in the cardioversion of 15 of 20 patients. Four of the five patients in whom vertical shocks were unsuccessful subsequently underwent successful cardioversion by transthoracic shocks; the transthoracic shocks achieved a higher current because of lower impedance of the transthoracic route.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

[Results of direct coagulation of the ciliary body and cyclodialysis in hemorrhagic glaucoma].

This paper discusses direct coagulation of the ciliary body as a microsurgical method for treatment of hemorrhagic glaucoma. During a follow-up period of 6-12 months intraocular pressure was lowered in all cases from an average of 42.8 mm Hg. Of the 26 patients operated on, 25 were subsequently free of pain. Stabilization of visual acuity was achieved in two-thirds of the cases. The surgical procedure is simple and involves little risk.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1984

Perioperative transcutaneous O2 monitoring in the management of major peripheral arterial trauma.

The present report discusses the use of transcutaneous oxygen (PtcO2) monitoring in the perioperative management of a patient with two major peripheral arterial occlusions secondary to blunt trauma, during the performance of an external iliac artery thrombectomy and distal popliteal artery embolectomy. The injured limb PtcO2 was extremely low before surgery, but then increased to levels equal to and above contralateral limb PtcO2 a full 1 hour before skin closure. The injured limb PtcO2 correlated well with contralateral limb PtcO2 values after restoration of normal blood flow (r = 0.97). The ratio of injured limb PtcO2 to contralateral limb PtcO2 may be used to quantify the severity of arterial compromise in limb trauma and the adequacy of its treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Women who decline breast screening.

The health related behaviour and attitudes of a random sample of 125 women aged 45-64 who declined to accept an invitation to attend a breast screening clinic are described. The women differed from attenders in their socioeconomic class and in their customary use of measures to promote health. They were basically unsympathetic towards the idea of screening and the invitation had caused them considerable anxiety. Policy implications are raised.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1984

Delinquent perversion problems of assimilation: a clinical study.

This paper is a clinical account of a patient whose adolescence was dominated by perverse and antisocial behaviour and who later became ill with severe anxiety symptoms and inability to work. In the analysis the breakdown of his omnipotent defences led to feelings of impotence and depression and delusional fears which he had previously tried to deal with by drugs and perverse sexuality. Both good and bad sexuality were used to compensate for lack of internal and external loving relationships. Analysis helped him to achieve a more stable equilibrium as a result of his becoming more able to become aware of and contain the murderous part of himself, and the growth of good parts and loving feelings.

Acculturation↗