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Biomedical subjects

S Kitamura

Publications and source records attributed to S Kitamura.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Meigs' syndrome associated with adenocarcinoma of the left fallopian tube].

A 52-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with dyspnea on exertion and a feeling of abdominal fullness. Chest radiographs revealed a moderate bilateral pleural effusion. Examination of the effusion was in conclusive. Thoracoscopy and thoracic computed tomography (CT) failed to provide evidence pertaining to the etiology of the recurrent effusion. Elevation of serum CA-125 levels suggested the presence of an intrapelvic tumor, which was substantiated by pelvic CT. Laparotomy revealed a small amount of ascites. The resected specimen revealed a tumor of the left fallopian tube, which was histologically to be poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The pleural effusion disappeared after removal of the tumor and Meigs' syndrome was subsequently diagnosed. Primary fallopian tube adenocarcinoma is a rare cause of Meigs' syndrome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Anatomical study of arrangement and attachment of the medial pterygoid muscle in Japanese men.

We precisely examined the origin, attachment, manner and insertion of the medial pterygoid muscle to clarify the relationship between muscle morphology and mastication movement. The muscular bundle attachment of the medial pterygoid muscle at the origin could be divided into three types; 1) the muscle was attached to the inner surface of the medial pterygoid plate with a strong tendon, 2) to the posterior maxilla wall with a strong tendon, and 3) directly to the periosteum of the inner surface of the lateral plate without a tendon. Provided that the muscular bundles had a firmly tendinous attachment under strong and significant force during their functioning, significant force would be applied to the medial pterygoid muscle in two directions. Observations of the intersection with the medial pterygoid muscle in the posterior wall of the maxillary bone at the origin revealed intersecting fibers or tendon fusion in all 55 specimens. Since there are different muscular bundle groups within the medial pterygoid muscle, we expect to elucidate more of masticatory function by observing other masticatory muscles as well as the medial pterygoid muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Clinico-pathological analysis of interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular disease in patients with lung cancer].

We investigated interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular disease (IP-CVD) in association with lung cancer. Seventy-three cases of IP-CVD were included in this study. Nine (12%) of the 73 cases were associated with lung cancer, one of which had double lung cancers. The histological types of the cancers were adenocarcinoma (5 cases), epidermoid carcinoma (2 cases), small cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (one case each). The lesions were located in the central or peripheral lung in 3 and 7 of the ten cancers, respectively. Of the seven cases diagnosed as having IP-CVD followed by lung cancer, five had stage I disease, and one each of the remaining two cases was in stage IIIA and stage IV. Six of the seven peripheral cancer lesions which were resected or autopsied could be analyzed with regard to the topographical relationship between the primary site and fibrotic lesions. Only three cancers were encased by or in close proximity to, honeycomb lung, although most of the lung cancers arose in relation to fibrotic lesions. Moreover, the acute exacerbation of IP-CVD after operation or chemotherapy without thoracic irradiation should be monitored carefully.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Over-expression of bcl-xL gene in human gastric adenomas and carcinomas.

The present study was designed to clarify whether bcl-xL is involved in the development of carcinoma in the stomach. Levels of bcl-xL and bcl-2 mRNA were determined by a reverse-transcription/polymerase-chain reaction in endoscopic gastric biopsy specimens from 10 control subjects, 11 patients with adenomas and 14 patients with carcinomas. In 6 of 11 adenomas, 5 of 8 early carcinomas and 3 of 6 advanced carcinomas, the bcl-xL gene was over-expressed. In carcinomas, over-expression of the bcl-xL gene was observed in 6 of 9 intestinal-type carcinomas and 2 of 5 diffuse-type carcinomas. No correlation was observed between bcl-xL and bcl-2 gene expression. In cases in which the bcl-xL gene was over-expressed, an apparent increase in the protein level of Bcl-xL was observed by immunoblot analysis and intense Bcl-x immunoreactivity was detected immunohistochemically within the tumor cells. In conclusion, we showed that bcl-xL is over-expressed in gastric carcinomas at both the RNA and protein levels, suggesting that over-expression of bcl-xL may play a role in gastric carcinogenesis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

Conformation of cyclic and linear (1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucans in aqueous solution.

The conformations of cyclic (1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucan chains having degree of polymerization (dp) 17 to 24 were characterized by means of small-angle X-ray scattering and Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate that cyclic (1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucan chains adopt the shape of a doughnut-like ring with a thickness of about 10 A for all the samples. The diameter of the annulus for the cyclic glucan having dp 21 is estimated to be only about 4-5 A. Two linear (1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucans possessing dp 19 and 21 prepared by acid hydrolysis of a cyclic glucan and subsequent fractionation showed different scattering profiles from those obtained for cyclic glucans having the corresponding dp. Although the Monte Carlo simulation does not completely reproduce the scattering profiles observed by small-angle X-ray scattering, linear (1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucans seem to possess a characteristic cylindrical shape with cross-sectional diameters of 11.8 and 13.2 A for linear glucans of dp 19 and 21, respectively.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1996

Histopathological studies of superficial-type early colorectal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Superficial-type early colorectal carcinoma (SCa) is presently not a rare finding and is very important in discussions regarding the development of large bowel cancers, although the histologic characteristics of SCa remain obscure. METHODS: Using 54 SCa lesions (34 intramucosal adenocarcinomas (SCa-m) and 20 adenocarcinomas with invasion to the submucosa (SCa-sm)), the largest dimension of the depressed region of the lesion and the greatest dimension of the entire lesion were measured by the computed image analyzer, and the expression of p53 and ras of SCa were examined immunohistochemically. RESULTS: The percent of depressed regions in SCa lesions measuring less than 5 mm in greatest extent was larger than in those measuring more than 6 mm, and the percent of depressed regions in SCa-sm with deeper carcinoma invasion was lower than that of SCa-sm with shallower invasion. There was a positive correlation between the depth of invasion and the maximum dimension of the carcinoma. The frequency of association with adenoma in all SCa-m was 21% and was 32% in SCa-m that were more than 6 mm in greatest extent, although all minute SCa-m lesions less than 5 mm were pure carcinomas without any adenomatous component. Positive expression of ras was noted in 41% of SCa-m and 36% of SCa-sm, respectively, while positive expression of p53 was noted in 63% of SCa-m and 88% of SCa-sm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that 70% to 80% of SCa developed via a de novo carcinoma theory and showed the depression form in the initial histologic stage and thereafter in the flat-protrusion form, while 20% to 30% of SCa arose from the preexisting flat adenoma via the adenoma-carcinoma sequence theory. The results also suggested that p53 was related to the enlargement and deeper invasion of SCa, regardless of the sequence of development of colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

In vitro study of ablated lung tissue in Nd:YAG laser irradiation.

BACKGROUND: Neodymium:yttrium-aluminum garnet lasers are used to reduce lung volume. An assessment of the relationship between the histologic and gross findings in the lung irradiated by a laser would be helpful in laser-assisted pneumoplastic procedures. METHODS: In vitro lung lobes surgically resected for pulmonary carcinomas were irradiated with a neodymium:yttrium-aluminum garnet laser at three energy levels in three modes: contact rubbing, contact pointing, and noncontact. Pleural degeneration in 216 samples from 24 lobes was classified as coagulative, amorphous, or destructive. At all energy levels, the laser was applied for 1.5 seconds. RESULTS: Noncontact mode at 7.5 W or 15 W and contact rubbing at 5 W caused coagulative or amorphous degeneration but no destructive degeneration. The energy level correlated with the color of the degenerated pleura. The incidence of destructive pleural degeneration, which led to air leaks as revealed by an air inflation test, was 0% in pink and white samples, 59% in brown samples, and 100% in black samples (p < 0.0001, white versus brown samples). CONCLUSIONS: In neodymium:yttrium-aluminum garnet laser ablation of lung tissue, the color of the degenerated pleura correlates with the intensity of the applied laser energy and the degree of pleural degeneration.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Annuloplasty for severe mitral regurgitation due to dilated cardiomyopathy.

We present a 74-year-old woman who underwent corrective annuloplasty for severe mitral regurgitation due to dilated cardiomyopathy. Postoperatively, congestive heart failure improved, with her New York Heart Association status changing from IV to II, although her cardiac functional improvement was minimal. Severe mitral regurgitation may be the indication for annuloplasty in symptomatic patients with dilated cardiomyopathy when cardiac transplantation is not indicated.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Management of malignant tracheobronchial stenosis with metal stents and Dumon stents.

BACKGROUND: Tracheobronchial stenosis caused by malignancy is a life- threatening problem. Stenting is one of the treatment modalities and recently has been used widely for the management of such stenosis, but we do not have a clear guide as to which stent should be selected. METHODS: We evaluated 25 patients (19 men, 6 women; mean age, 60.7 years; range, 34 to 77 years) received 24 metal stents (four covered with silicone rubber) and three Dumon stents. All 25 patients had severe dyspnea because of airway stenosis caused by malignant tumors. RESULTS: Among the 25 patients, airway obstruction due to extrinsic compression by tumor developed in 11 and was treated with a bare metal stent. The airway remained patent in 10 patients. In 16 patients with intraluminal tumor invasion, nine lesions were treated with a bare metal stent, four lesions with a covered metal stent, and the remaining three lesions with a Dumon stent. Recurrent stenosis did not occur in any patient with a covered metal stent or a Dumon stent. However, restenosis occurred in 4 patients with a bare metal stent, all of whom received laser therapy. In all patients, stenting immediately relieved dyspnea. Six patients lived for 32 days to 53 months after stenting, and 19 patients died of primary malignancies with a mean survival of 131.9 days. CONCLUSIONS: Metal stents are effective in treating malignant extrinsic tracheobronchial compression. The use of covered metal stents or Dumon stents is preferable for intraluminal stenosis due to malignant growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

In vitro comparison between Argon Beam Coagulator and Nd:YAG laser in lung contraction therapy.

BACKGROUND: The Argon Beam Coagulator (ABC) and neodymium:yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser are used for lung tissue contraction. Assessing the damage of treated lung tissue is helpful in choosing devices for pulmonary volume reduction by pneumoplastic procedures. METHODS: We assessed the damage of in vitro lung lobes resected at operation for pulmonary carcinoma. Samples were irradiated with noncontact Nd:YAG laser and ABC. One hundred forty-four samples obtained from 24 lobes were examined by light microscopy. The lung tissue showing destructive degeneration at the pleura and slight coagulation at the residual parenchyma was defined as showing "air leak pattern" based on a previously reported experiment of the air inflation test. RESULTS: At the power of clinical use (Nd:YAG, 15 W; ABC, 80 W), most of the visceral pleura treated with the Nd:YAG laser was classified as presenting amorphous degeneration, and that treated with ABC showed destructive degeneration. Air leak pattern occurred in all samples treated with ABC. At the power of 40 W, ten (42%) of 24 visceral pleuras irradiated with the Nd:YAG laser were classified as presenting destructive degeneration, and of those irradiated with the ABC, 18 (75%) showed destructive degeneration (p < 0.05). Air leak patterns were found in 3 (13%) of the samples treated with the Nd:YAG laser and in 16 (63%) of those treated with the ABC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The ABC had more potential to damage the pleura and less potential to produce underlying parenchymal coagulation in the lung tissue than did the Nd:YAG laser. This information may be useful in the selection of devices for pulmonary volume reduction by pneumoplastic procedures.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Multiplicity of rat liver 15-ketoprostaglandin delta 13-reductases.

Five kinds of 15-keto-PG delta 13-reductases (enzymes I, II, III, IV and V) were separated and purified from rat liver cytosol. Four (enzymes I,II, III and IV) out of these enzymes were homogeneous by the criterion of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weights of enzymes I, II, III and IV were estimated to be 40,000, 25,000, 64,000 and 70,000 by the electrophoresis, and 42,000, 23,000, 66,000 and 72,000 by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-200 column, respectively. All of these enzymes exhibited the NADPH-dependent activities. In the cases of enzymes I, III and V, NADH was also effective as an electron donor, but to a lesser extent in enzymes I and III. The apparent K(m) values of enzymes I, II, III, IV and V for 15-keto-PGF2 alpha with NADPH were 276, 875, 842, 948 and 2767 nM. The enzymes had isoelectric points at 4.5, 4.9, 6.2, 6.4 and 5.4, respectively. Enzyme I exhibited the double bond reductase activities toward alpha, beta-ketoalkenes such as trans-benzylidene-acetone and trans-phenyl-1-propenylketone. Enzymes III and IV also catalyzed the double bond reduction of trans-phenyl-1-propenyl-ketone. All of these enzymes were markedly inhibited by various chemicals such as dicumarol, quercitrin, p-chloromercuri-benzoic acid, 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and so on.

15-Oxoprostaglandin 13-Reductase↗
PubMed1996

Echocardiographic characteristics of the cryopreserved allograft aortic valve replacement assessed by intraoperative transoesophageal echocardiography.

Improvements in cryopreservation techniques have made possible excellent long-term results using aortic valve allografts. Few studies, however, have examined the echocardiographic characteristics of allograft aortic valves and postoperative valve function. Aortic allograft function was evaluated in 16 patients by intraoperative transoesophageal echocardiography, postoperative catheterization, and angiography. The mean(s.d.) coaptation zone length of the allograft leaflet was significantly greater (7.3(1.4) mm) than that of the normal aortic valve (3.2(0.8) mm) (P < 0.01). No regurgitation was noted in any patients with coaptation zone length of 7-11 mm (P < 0.01). The increment of the leaflet coaptation zone length did not produce a significant pressure gradient during exercise and appeared to be one of the important mechanisms for the prevention of postoperative aortic regurgitation, because commissural orientations may be distorted in the new aortic position. This finding is consistent with the report that allografts with the largest diameter implantable in the recipient annulus should be selected for use.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Elevated serum transforming growth factor beta 1 level in primary lung cancer patients with finger clubbing.

The mechanism causing finger clubbing in patients with lung cancer (LC) is still unclear. We compared age, cigarette consumption, data on blood gas analysis and pulmonary function tests among patients with LC with clubbing (n = 30) and without clubbing (n = 28) and among patients with pulmonary emphysema (PE) with (n = 11) and without clubbing (n = 17). We also examined serum concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the patients and healthy volunteers (n = 21). There were no differences in age or cigarette consumption. LC groups showed normal levels of Pao2 and Paco2, suggesting that neither hypoxaemia nor hypercapnia caused clubbing in these patients. The level of serum TGF beta 1 in patients with LC with clubbing was significantly higher than in other groups (P < 0.005), whereas levels of IGF-I did not differ among the groups. Our data suggest that TGF beta 1 may play a role in the mechanism of clubbing in patients with LC.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Secoiridoid glucosides from Swertia mileensis.

Five new acyl secoiridoid glucosides along with three known secoiridoid glucosides, swertiamarin, 2'-O-acetylswertiamarin, and amarogentin, were isolated from the aerial parts of Swertia mileensis. The structures of these compounds were determined to be 2'-O-acetyl-4'-O-trans-feruloylswertiamarin, 2'-O-acetyl-4'-O-cis-feruloylswertiamarin, 2'-O-acetyl-4'-O-trans-p-coumaroylswertiamarin, 2'-O-acetyl-4'-O-cis-p-coumaroylswertiamarin, and 4'-O-trans-p-coumaroylswertiamarin from spectroscopic evidence.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1996

S-(-)-nicotine-1'-N-oxide reductase activity of rat liver aldehyde oxidase.

In the present study, a rat liver cytosolic enzyme responsible for reduction of S-(-)-nicotine-1'-N-oxide to S-(-)-nicotine was investigated. We found that aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1) can function as a S-(-)-nicotine-1'-N-oxide reductase in the presence of its electron donor such as 2-hydroxypyrimidine. The apparent K(m) and Vmax values of the enzyme for the N-oxide were 0.24 mM and 30.3 nmol/10 min/mg protein, respectively.

Aldehyde Oxidase↗