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Biomedical subjects

S Kishimoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Kishimoto.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Specific antibody-forming cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis--detection by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT)].

Antigen-specific antibody-forming cells (AFCs) were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis by the method of enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT). Both Cryptococcus- and Trichosporon-specific AFCs of isotypes of IgG, IgA and IgM were detected in BAL fluid cells. The frequency of isotypes of AFCs was in the order of IgA > IgM > IgG. Antibody activities against both Cryptococcus and Trichosporon antigens were detected in the culture supernatant of BAL cells. A good correlation was observed between the number of AFCs and the degree of antibody activity of culture supernatant of BAL cells, particularly of IgA isotype. For the IgM and IgA isotypes, anti-Cryptococcus antibody activity correlated well with anti-Trichosporon antibody activity (r = 0.98, p < 0.0001). In several cases examined, antigen-specific AFCs were detected in in vitro culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients after stimulation with PWM. In the present study, we demonstrated that Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichosporon cutaneum antigen-specific AFCs were present in the lungs of patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and the antibodies secreted therefrom reacted with both these antigens. The presence of memory B cells was also suggested in the peripheral blood of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of spontaneous remission of paragonimiasis miyazakii].

A 52-year-old man was admitted with fever and chest pain. Chest X-ray showed a soft infiltration in the right lung and bilateral pleural effusions. A strong tuberculin reaction was elicited. Significant laboratory findings included eosinophilia (37% in peripheral blood and 78% in pleural fluid) and elevated IgE levels (577 IU/ml in sera and 6700 IU/ml in pleural fluid). Adenosine deaminase activity in the pleural fluid was high. No helminth eggs were detected after repeated examination of the pleural fluid and sputum. No definitive diagnosis was made. Three months of chemotherapy with INH and rifampicin resulted in little improvement. Corticosteroid was then administered orally under a tentative diagnosis of idiopathic eosinophilic pleurisy, which proved to be a successful treatment and resulted in a marked reduction of pleural fluid volume. Two years after discharge, the patient's chest X-ray was normal and laboratory findings were normal including the eosinophil count and IgE level. The pleural fluid obtained at the first admission and kept frozen was subjected to immunological analysis for anti-parasite antibody activity. The pleural fluid showed an unexpectedly high titer of antibody activity (x6400 dilution) against Paragonimus miyazakii antigen assayed by double diffusion Ouchterlony method. Examination of the sera obtained from the patient two years after discharge, however, revealed no detectable antibody activity against the parasite antigens assayed either by Ouchterlony or ELISA method. We concluded from the clinical as well as laboratory findings that the patient had recovered from Paragonimiasis miyazakii without specific intervention for the disease.

Antibodies, Helminth↗
PubMed1993

[A case report of malignant pseudomyxoma peritonei treated by a new modality of intraperitoneal chemo-hyperthermia].

A patient with malignant pseudomyxoma peritonei underwent a palliative surgical resection and intraperitoneal lavage with 5% dextrose. One hundred and twenty-five mg of cisplatin resolved in 1,500 ml saline was infused into the peritoneal cavity through the reservoir, and the patient was treated with hyperthermia (Thermotron RH 8). As a result the tumor markers (CEA, CA 19-9, and CA-125) markedly decreased after two courses of chemo-hyperthermia. These results suggest that intraperitoneal chemo-hyperthermia is an effective treatment for non-resectable malignant pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Significance of preoperative TAE as an adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma].

In 304 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent hepatic resection, 162 patients received chemoembolization before surgery (group A) and the remaining 142 patients received no therapy before surgery (group B). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) of group A and B were 36% and 21%, respectively, and there were no significant differences between them. In the groups of patients with good liver function (Child A), or patients with solitary tumor, or patients with tumors more than 5 cm in size, DFSs of group A were significantly better than those of group B. The difference of DFS between group A and B was largest in the group of the patients with tumors more than 5 cm in size.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1993

["Partial wrapping therapy" for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma by transthoracic route].

Two patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma close to the diaphragma, underwent TAE following decollateralization using silicone rubber sheeting with thoracotomy. The patients suffered from severe liver cirrhosis. Laparotomy was not carried out for the preservation of hepatic function. After wrapping therapy, serum AFP level was reduced to almost the normal range in one case, but in another case to half because of bilateral lung metastasis. The maximum serum level of postoperative serum total bilirubin in these 2 cases was 2.0 mg/dl and 1.6 mg/dl, respectively. We think wrapping therapy with thoracotomy is readily applicable for patients with severe cirrhosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Serodiagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection by ELISA for antibodies against the putative core protein (p20c) expressed in Escherichia coli.

The putative core gene of hepatitis C virus (HCV) was incorporated into a plasmid vector (pCC5-J4), and expressed in Escherichia coli. The product of 180 amino acids (p20c) was purified by gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against the putative core protein of HCV (anti-p20c). Anti-p20c was detected in 13 (1.5%) of 873 apparently healthy blood donors. It was detected in 205 (86.5%) of 237 patients with acute or chronic non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatic disease, significantly more frequently (p less than 0.01) than antibodies against the C100-3 protein encoded by nonstructural regions of HCV (anti-C100-3) that was found in 178 (75.1%). Anti-p20c developed in the circulation of a patient with acute NANB hepatitis much earlier than anti-C100-3. HCV RNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction in serum samples from blood donors positive for anti-p20c in high titers, one of which was negative for anti-C100-3. These results indicated that anti-p20c would be useful in complementing anti-C100-3 for the diagnosis of NANB hepatitis and further decreasing the incidence of posttransfusion NANB hepatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Anticancer effects of free polyunsaturated fatty acids in an oily lymphographic agent following intrahepatic arterial administration to a rabbit bearing VX-2 tumor.

The anti-hepatic cancer effects of three free polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, alpha-linolenic, and gamma-linolenic acids) dissolved in an oily lymphographic agent, Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid (Lipiodol), following intrahepatic arterial administration were examined using a rabbit liver cancer model, VX-2. The tumor was inoculated into the subcapsular parenchyma of the liver of rabbits, and Lipiodol alone or Lipiodol containing each one of the free fatty acids was administered into the hepatic artery 14 days after inoculation. The rabbits were sacrificed 7 days after administration. Lipiodol containing one of the fatty acids selectively remained in the tumor area. Although VX-2 tumor grew extensively in both the untreated group and the group that received Lipiodol alone, growth of VX-2 tumor was greatly suppressed in the group that received Lipiodol containing the free fatty acid. Pathological observation also showed that Lipiodol containing the free fatty acid had an anticancer effect on VX-2 tumor growing in the liver of rabbits. Average survival days in the group treated with Lipiodol containing gamma-linolenic acid were significantly prolonged compared with those in the control groups. Although growth rates of the tumor at the death of rabbits were large in the control groups, VX-2 tumor shrank at death of five rabbits of six in the group treated with Lipiodol containing gamma-linolenic acid. These results suggest that the intrahepatic arterial administration of Lipiodol containing the free fatty acids is an effective method of delivery of these fatty acids as anticancer agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Changes of colonic vasoactive intestinal peptide and cholinergic activity in rats with chemical colitis.

The vasoactive intestinal peptide concentration was examined in the colonic wall and portal venous plasma of rats with chemical colitis by radioimmunoassay, and the colonic localization was determined with immunocytochemistry. Colonic acetylcholine esterase activity was also measured, and the response of vasoactive intestinal peptide to acetylcholine administration was determined. Colitis was induced by administration of dextran sulfate for three months. The chemical colitis was histologically similar to active human ulcerative colitis. We observed a significant increase of immunostained neurons and nerve fibers and a significant rise in the colonic wall vasoactive intestinal peptide content in chemical colitis rats, while plasma concentrations of the peptide did not change significantly. Colonic acetylcholine esterase activity was significantly elevated in colitis rats compared with control rats. Systemic administration of acetylcholine significantly increased the colonic and plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide concentrations in colitis rats. These findings demonstrated a positive association between colitis activity and an increase of vasoactive intestinal peptide and suggested that increased vagal tone promoted the peptide's release.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1992

Depression of plasma gelsolin level during acute liver injury.

Human plasma contains two actin-binding proteins, plasma gelsolin and vitamin D-binding protein. These proteins are considered to play an important role in the disposition of actin derived from injured tissue. To evaluate this actin-scavenger system, gelsolin concentrations were measured in serial plasma samples obtained from patients with acute liver injury using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma gelsolin levels in 43 healthy persons were 226 +/- 52 micrograms/mL. They were markedly reduced to 80 +/- 40 micrograms/mL in 14 patients with an early stage of acute hepatitis and returned to normal levels of 232 +/- 38 micrograms/mL as the disease resolved. Moreover, they showed a significant negative correlation with serum aminotransferase and bilirubin levels. In 7 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, plasma gelsolin levels rapidly decreased from 182 +/- 42 to 87 +/- 41 micrograms/mL after transcatheter arterial embolization therapy. Because plasma gelsolin is not a hepatic protein, the decreased levels are considered to depend exclusively on the extent of actin leakage from the injured liver.

Actins↗
PubMed1992

p26 protein and 33-nm particle associated with nucleocapsid of hepatitis C virus recovered from the circulation of infected hosts.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has not yet been cultured or visualized. We attempted to recover HCV-associated particles from plasma of infected humans to assess the natural properties of the virus. Starting with 720 ml of donor plasma containing high titer of HCV core antigen ELISA activities, we identified HCV core antigen activity and viral RNA enriched in a potassium bromide density gradient fraction with a density of 1.115 g/ml. Icosahedron-shaped particles with an average diameter of 33 nm were liberated by treatment of the fraction with the detergent Tween 80. These particles were selectively visualized with an electron microscope using a grid coated with a murine monoclonal antibody directed to HCV core peptide and were also observed in aggregated forms with an immune electron microscope (IEM) with use of the anti-core antibody. An ultracentrifugation pellet of the above fraction was treated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 2-mercaptoethanol (2ME) and run in SDS-PAGE. A protein that bound antibodies directed to the predicted core protein of HCV was found at a molecular size estimated as about 26,000 Da, significantly greater than the 191 amino acid residues predicted from the presumed core gene of HCV. It is possible that translation initiation and/or the COOH-terminal cleavage site for HCV core protein in vivo may differ from estimates derived from the amino acid sequence of the polyprotein precursor. The nucleocapsid could also be chemically altered in the infected cell, resulting in a gel mobility different from the native protein.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1992

Pattern of the action of a suppressor factor produced by a human macrophage-like cell line, U937.

A U937 suppressor factor (U937SF) was purified from crude supernatant by sequential chromatography using fast protein liquid chromatography. The molecular weight and isoelectric point of U937SF were 69 kDa and 4.5, respectively. The U937SF preparation inhibited the proliferative response in human PBMC stimulated with an antigen tuberculin purified protein derivative, tetanus toxoid) or a mitogen (phytohaemagglutinin concanavalin-A). U937SF depressed both interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and IL-2 receptor (CD25) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with an antigen but not with a mitogen. Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody-induced responses including a proliferative response, IL-2 production and CD25 expression were suppressed by U937SF. In contrast, U937SF did not affect monocyte functions such as antigen processing and IL-1 production. Neither did it modulate the expression of T cell receptor (TCR) or CD3 molecules on the surface of lymphocytes. Moreover it did not inhibit CD25 expression in PBMC stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate plus A23187. These results suggest that U937SF prevents both IL-2 production and CD25 expression in lymphocytes activated through the TCR/CD3, but not through the other receptors or molecules. In addition, U937SF does not block the early activation events following TCR-mediated stimulation, nor affect the pre-TCR activation steps.

CD3 Complex↗
PubMed1992

Demonstration of a hepatitis C virus-specific antigen predicted from the putative core gene in the circulation of infected hosts.

An ELISA was used to detect a protein derived from the core gene of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in human plasma. The solid phase antibody in the assay was a murine monoclonal antibody against a synthetic peptide deduced from the putative core gene of HCV (residues 39 to 74). An enzyme-labelled affinity-purified human antibody directed at another region within the HCV core (residues 5 to 23) was the second antibody tracer. The ELISA had a sensitivity capable of detecting a few ng/ml of the HCV core polypeptide expressed in Escherichia coli. Core antigen activity in plasma of infected hosts was detected after treatment of HCV RNA-rich fractions from buoyant density centrifugation with the detergent Tween 80. There was a direct correlation between core antigen ELISA values of a plasma fraction and intensities of polymerase chain reaction signals for HCV RNA. These observations are consistent with the proposal that the N-terminal sequence of the predicted polyprotein of HCV is a nucleocapsid protein, and that improved core antigen assays may correlate with viraemia.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Levels of serum IgE, serum soluble-Fc epsilon RII, and Fc epsilon RII(+) peripheral blood lymphocytes in atopic dermatitis.

Levels of serum IgE, serum soluble-Fc epsilon RII (S-Fc epsilon RII), and Fc epsilon RII(+) peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were examined in 73 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and 17 control subjects with no atopic disease, in order to investigate the correlation of these parameters with AD. AD patients showed increases in IgE, S-Fc epsilon RII and Fc epsilon RII(+)PBL as compared with control subjects. In AD patients, levels of serum IgE and Fc epsilon RII(+)PBL increased as the extent of dermatitis became more severe, while levels of serum S-Fc epsilon RII showed no correlation with the extent of dermatitis. In 8 of the 73 AD patients who showed an improvement in their symptoms with treatment with topical corticosteroids or antihistamine, IgE, Fc epsilon RII(+)PBL, and S-Fc epsilon RII were measured before and after treatment. Fc epsilon RII(+)PBL correlated with disease activity; IgE and S-Fc epsilon RII did not show any such correlation. Patients with elevated IgE levels (IgE greater than 5,000 U/ml) showed low levels of S-Fc epsilon RII. Severely affected cases with a history of respiratory atopy also showed decreased S-Fc epsilon RII levels. It is believed that S-Fc epsilon RII binds to IgE in serum and may neutralize or down-regulate IgE mediated allergic reactions. A low level of S-Fc epsilon RII may cause an elevation of IgE and an exacerbation of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Changes in the Ki-67 labeling rates of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas during preoperative radiation therapy.

Immunostaining with Ki-67 monoclonal antibody was performed on frozen sections of biopsy specimens obtained before and during preoperative radiation therapy from 21 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The Ki-67 labeling rates before radiation therapy and at radiation doses of 10 and 20 Gy ranged from 21 to 71% (mean: 35.0%), from 7 to 49% (mean: 25.8%) and from 1 to 44% (mean: 14.8%), respectively. One of the 2 patients whose tumors showing Ki-67 labeling rates of greater than 48% (mean +1 SD) before radiation therapy suffered local relapse shortly after the treatment. Moreover, tumors with rapidly decreased Ki-67 labeling rates (lower than 3%) at radiation doses of 20 Gy were related to poor clinical outcome: 4 out of 6 patients whose tumors showed Ki-67 labeling rates below 3% (mean -1 SD) at 20 Gy of irradiation had local relapses or showed distant metastases. These findings indicate that immunostaining with Ki-67 monoclonal antibody of biopsy specimens of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, before and during radiation therapy, is very useful in assessing the clinical outcome of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Local control of prostate cancer by intraarterial infusion chemotherapy facilitated by the use of angiotensin II.

Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy with angiotensin II was carried out in 8 prostate cancer patients whose ages ranged from 61 to 77 years. They had stage C or D tumor progression and complained of difficult urination, bone pain or lymphedema caused by intrapelvic tumor infiltration. Endocrine therapy had been done before the infusion therapy but the clinical status showed little change with a persistence of local symptoms. Cis-platinum and doxorubicin were infused with an indwelling catheter into both internal iliac arteries. After the completion of 1-5 courses, 6 of 8 patients responded remarkably in local symptoms. It is thought that intraarterial infusion chemotherapy can be used safely and effectively in elderly patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

CPT-11 in combination with cisplatin for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum-tolerated dose and the dose-limiting toxicities of CPT-11, a new derivative of camptothecin, in combination with a fixed dose of cisplatin in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven previously untreated patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were assessable for toxicity, and 26 were assessable for response. The initial dose of CPT-11 was 30 mg/m2 given as a 90-minute intravenous (IV) infusion on days 1, 8, and 15 in combination with cisplatin (80 mg/m2 IV on day 1) given every 4 weeks. The dose of CPT-11 was escalated in increments of 10 mg/m2 until severe or life-threatening toxic effects were observed. RESULTS: Significant toxicity was infrequent up to 60 mg/m2 of CPT-11. The maximum-tolerated toxicity was reached at a dose of 70 mg/m2. Three of six patients either had leukocyte count nadirs of less than 2,000/microL or experienced grade 4 diarrhea during the first cycle of therapy at 70 mg/m2. The major toxic effects were leukopenia and diarrhea. There were 14 partial responses (54%) among the 26 patients. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of CPT-11 and cisplatin seems to be effective against NSCLC with acceptable toxicities. The recommended dose for phase II studies is 60 mg/m2 of CPT-11 on days 1, 8, and 15, and 80 mg/m2 of cisplatin on day 1 every 4 weeks.

Adult↗