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Biomedical subjects

S Kishimoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Kishimoto.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Comparison of innervated and noninnervated free flaps in oral reconstruction.

Thirteen patients who had undergone ablative surgery for advanced squamous cell carcinoma in which more than half of the tongue had been resected underwent reconstruction in which the cutaneous nerve of a free flap was anastomosed to the stump of the transected lingual nerve. Eight of the patients underwent reconstruction with an innervated anterolateral thigh flap and five patients underwent reconstruction with an innervated rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. Sensory recovery of the flap at least 6 months postoperatively was compared in these 13 patients and in 16 additional patients who received noninnervated versions of the same flaps for the same defect. The degree of sensory recovery of innervated thigh flaps was significantly greater than that of noninnervated ones in all modalities and that of innervated rectus abdominis flaps was also greater than that of noninnervated flaps, except for hot and cold perception. These results indicate that sensory regrowth occurs in most areas through the surgically created pathways. However, results of Semmes-Weinstein testing showed that recovery did not reach the level of protective sensation in either type of innervated flap. Although these findings must be followed by additional objective and functional tests and the need for sensory reeducation should be considered, this simple operative procedure can improve postoperative intraoral function and should be attempted whenever possible after ablative surgery.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1999

[A case report of hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatic and portal venous tumor thrombus and multiple intrahepatic metastasis who survived over 1 year after the operation with combined locoregional chemotherapy].

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with vascular invasion and/or intrahepatic metastasis (IM) has a poor prognosis, so advanced HCC may be considered as a contraindication for hepatectomy. We experienced a case of HCC with hepatic venous and portal venous tumor thrombus and multiple IM who survived over 1 year after the operation with combined locoregional chemotherapy. (Case): A 67-year-old male patient was diagnosed with HCC with extracapsular invasion after transarterial embolization (TAE). CT scan revealed the HCC had a right portal venous tumor thrombus and multiple IM. Posterior lobectomy and thrombectomy of hepatic venous and portal venous tumor thrombus and placement of portal venous catheter ware performed. From the first day after operation the patient received continuous intravenous and intraportal 5-FU for 3 weeks. At the first month after operation, TAE and PEIT were given against residual IM. After discharge the patient received hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (MTX/CDDP/5-FU/Leucovorin). Fourteen months after operation, the patient is surviving in good physical condition.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Synchrotron X-ray imaging of the electron density in RFeO3 (R = Y, Ho) using an APD detector.

Structure factors for small hydrothermally grown yttrium and holmium orthoferrites, RFeO(3) (R = Y, Ho), were measured with focused synchrotron radiation at wavelengths of 0.70 and 0.84 A using both scintillation and high-speed avalanche photodiode (APD) detectors. Resulting APD Deltarho images showed striking correlations between aspherical electron densities around Fe and rare-earth metals. Approximate high symmetry in the Deltarho images indicates that cations deform the electron density far more strongly than the O atoms. The Ho-Fe magnetic interactions appear to affect the electron density distribution of the Fe atoms and the magnetic phase transitions. Space group Pnma, orthorhombic, YFeO3 (APD): Mr = 192.76, a = 5.5931 (3), b = 7.6102 (4), c = 5.2806 (3) A, V = 224.77 (2) A(3), Z = 4, Dx = 5.695 Mg m(-3), mu(0.84) = 15.56 mm(-1), F(000) = 356, T = 293 K, R = 0.045, wR = 0.073, S = 4.83 (9) for 1282 unique reflections; HoFeO3 (APD): Mr = 268.78, a = 5.5922 (3), b = 7.6157 (5), c = 5.2798 (3) A, V = 224.86 (2) A(3), Z = 4, D(x) = 7.939 Mg m(-3), mu(0.84) = 61.98 mm(-1), F(000) = 356, T = 293 K, R = 0.036, wR = 0.037, S = 3.07 (6) for 1284 unique reflections.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Development of an (X, eX) spectrometer for measuring the energies of the scattered photon and recoil electron.

The design and performance of a new spectrometer for coincidence measurements between the Compton scattered photon and the recoil electron are described. Coincidence measurements give direct information on the three-dimensional electron momentum density (EMD) of condensed matter. The present spectrometer measures energy spectra of both the photon and the electron. The energy spectrum of electrons is measured by a time-of-flight method using single-bunch operation at the Photon Factory Accumulator Ring (PF-AR). The energy resolution obtained for the recoil electron is 190 eV, which is better than that of the photon detector, so that a momentum resolution of the three-dimensional EMD of 0.3 atomic units can be achieved.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Pulse-height measurements with a cooled avalanche-photodiode detector.

A cooled avalanche-photodiode (APD) detector has been developed for X-ray diffraction experiments. Although an APD is normally used at room temperature and a high internal gain, the energy resolution can be improved by decreasing temperature and gain. The APD device was cooled to 253 K by a thermoelectric cooler. When the gain was M = 13, the energy resolution was 5% (FWHM) at 16.53 keV with a charge-sensitive preamplifier. By scanning the discriminator threshold level of a fast-counting system, energy spectra were obtained at M approximately 50 and count rates of up to 4.7 x 10(7) s(-1).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Avalanche Photodiodes as Fast X-ray Detectors.

An avalanche photodiode (APD) detector provides a sub-nanosecond time resolution and an output rate of more than 10(8) counts s(-1) of synchrotron X-rays. Moreover, the APD has the advantage of low noise. A review of recent developments of detectors using APD devices designed for X-ray experiments is presented in this paper. One of the detectors has an excellent time response of 100 ps resolution and a narrow width on its response function, 1.4 ns at 10(-5) maximum. The other consists of a stack of four diodes and has a transmission structure. The stacked detector improved the efficiency for X-rays, e.g. 55% at 16.53 keV. The output rates reached more than 10(8) counts s(-1) per device.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Detection of an endogenous cannabimimetic molecule, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and cannabinoid CB1 receptor mRNA in human vascular cells: is 2-arachidonoylglycerol a possible vasomodulator?

Human vascular endothelial cells were found to generate and release 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, upon stimulation with thrombin or A23187. We confirmed that vascular smooth muscle cells as well as endothelial cells possess cannabinoid CB1 receptor mRNA. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, generated in vascular tissues, may play an important role in modulating vascular tone through acting on the cannabinoid CB1 receptor expressed on vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells as well as peripheral nerve terminals.

Aorta↗
PubMed1998

Determination of a safe vascular clamping method for liver surgery: evaluation by measuring activation of calpain mu.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the safest method of hepatic vascular clamping associated with the least ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver during liver surgery. SETTING: University laboratories. SUBJECTS: Sixty-five adult male Wistar rats. METHODS: The hilar area of the left lateral and median lobes of rat liver was clamped for 10 minutes (group 1), 15 minutes (group 2), or 20 minutes (group 3) followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion. The procedure was repeated for a total period of ischemia of 60 minutes in each group. Control rats underwent laparotomy without vascular clamping. In addition to histological examination, we determined calpain mu activity, a marker of liver injury, by Western blotting using specific antibodies against the intermediate (activated) and proactivated forms of calpain mu. Measurements were performed at the end of ischemia and after 2 hours of reperfusion. We also determined the degradation of talin, an intracellular substrate of calpain mu, by Western blotting. RESULTS: The level of adenosine triphosphate and energy charge at 2 hours after reperfusion did not change after ischemia-reperfusion irrespective of the duration of ischemic cycle. After 60 minutes of intermittent ischemia followed by 2 hours of reperfusion, cell membrane bleb formation, calpain mu activation, and talin degradation were detected in groups 2 and 3 but not in group 1. CONCLUSION: The safest method of hepatic vascular clamping that produces a minimum or no ischemia-reperfusion injury is 60 minutes of 6 cycles of 10-minute vascular clamping interrupted by 5 minutes of reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Virus-associated haemophagocytic syndrome caused by rubella in an adult.

Haemophagocytic syndrome is a systemic clinicopathological entity characterized by systemic proliferation of benign haemophagocytic histiocytes, fever, cytopenia, abnormal liver function and, frequently, coagulopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Its occurrence has been documented in association with viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections, a wide spectrum of malignant neoplasms, autoimmune diseases and drugs. We report a case of rubella virus-associated haemophagocytic syndrome in a previously healthy 29-year-old woman. Blood tests showed cytopenia, especially severe thrombocytopenia, liver dysfunction, hyperferritinaemia and hypercytokinaemia. Bone marrow examination showed many mature histiocytes with active haemophagocytosis. A skin biopsy from the rash revealed perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates with haemophagocytic histiocytes in the upper and mid-dermis. The patient was treated with antibiotics and immunoglobulin, and by supportive measures including platelet transfusion, and recovered completely.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Blood distribution in the facial nerve in temporal bones acquired from cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The objectives of this study, conducted in eight temporal bones from five autopsied cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage, were to delineate the communication between the cerebrospinal fluid space and each space of the epineurium, perineurium, and area surrounding the nerve fibers in the facial nerve and to identify the site of hypertonic diuretic solution infusion most likely to decrease the facial nerve swelling at the initial stage of facial palsy. In all eight specimens, blood cells had directly entered into each space from the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve. The subarachnoid space extended to the first genu of the nerve. The genu, which is the site of the initial lesion in Bell's palsy, is concluded to be the most effective site of intracanal decompression of the facial nerve with hypertonic diuretic solution.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Skin penetration enhancing action of cis-unsaturated fatty acids with omega-9, and omega-12-chain lengths.

The skin penetrative action of high purity cis-omega-12-octadecenoic acid (petroselinic acid, HP-PSA) on rat skin was compared with that of high purity cis-omega-9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid, HP-OA), following treatment of rat intact skin surface with either 0.05 M HP-PSA or HP-OA in propylene glycol (PG), using Fourier transform/attenuated total reflection (FT-IR/ATR) analysis. Both HP-PSA and HP-OA disordered the lipid structures of the stratum corneum region to a similar extent. Removal of the extractable lipids of the stratum corneum region was marked with HP-PSA/PG but was very slight upon HP-OA/PG treatment. The spectra of the amide II region which originated from proteins suggests that HP-PSA/PG more rapidly disordered the protein structures of both the stratum corneum and the dermis than HP-OA/PG. However, the extent of disordering of the protein structures was presumed to be similar between these two skin penetration enhancers at the maximum level. Enhancement of PG flux in the dermis showed strong positive correlation with the degree of dermis-disordering action of HP-PSA/PG and HP-OA/PG. These results demonstrate that HP-PSA, which has a double bond at an even numbered position (omega-12), more rapidly affects the perturbation of the structures of both the stratum corneum and the dermis than HP-OA, which has the double bond at an odd numbered position (omega-9). Differences in the physicochemical properties of HP-PSA and HP-OA which originate from differences in the double bond position most likely determine the efficacy of these compounds as skin penetration enhancers.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Changes in telomerase activity of advanced cancers of oral cavity and oropharynx during radiation therapy: correlation with clinical outcome.

Telomerase activity has been evaluated for many kinds of malignancies, and it has been clarified that the activity reflected the malignant potential of the tumor. With regard to radiation therapy for cancer, simple and reliable assays for the prediction of therapeutic effect have not been fully developed yet. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether telomerase activity is changed by radiotherapy for advanced head and neck malignancies, and to clarify the possible correlation of telomerase activity with the therapeutic effect of radiation therapy and patients' clinical outcomes. Twenty-five patients with advanced cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx were examined. All the cancers were confirmed histopathologically as squamous cell carcinomas. Biopsies were performed before treatment and at doses of 4 and/or 10 Gy, and 20 Gy of radiotherapy. To semi-quantitate telomerase activity, a highly sensitive PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay was performed. Nineteen of the 21 cancers (90.1%) showed telomerase activity of varied extents prior to radiation therapy. Nine of the 25 patients showed continuous elevations of telomerase activity (> 10 TPG units/microg protein) in their tumors during radiation therapy, and these nine showed 13.8-216.9 TPG units/microg protein at 20 Gy of radiotherapy. In eight of the nine patients, tumors did not respond well to radiotherapy and relapsed locally in a short period after the treatment. On the other hand, in another group of 11 patients, who showed low (< 10) and/or no activity of telomerase in their tumors at 20 Gy of radiotherapy, there were nine patients whose tumors responded well to radiotherapy (p < 0.025 by the chi2 test). None of them relapsed locally in the follow-up period of approximately 21 months, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.025 by the chi2 test). It is concluded that the high activity of telomerase in tumor tissue at 20 Gy of radiotherapy can predict a poor therapeutic effect of radiation therapy and unfavorable patients' outcomes for advanced cancers of oral cavity and oropharynx.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Surgical treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer with tracheal invasion].

Thirty patients with tracheal invasion of differentiated thyroid cancer underwent partial resection of the tracheal wall between 1978 and 1996 at National Cancer Center Hospital. In most cases, the defect in the tracheal wall was reconstructed secondarily using a local flap. This method was easy in comparison with end-to-end anastomosis of the trachea following circumferential resection of the wall. Partial resection of the tracheal wall proved to be a effective treatment for thyroid cancer invasion of the tracheal, because of low incidence of local recurrence. When the defect of the tracheal wall was too large to be reconstructed using a local flap, hydroxylapatite was employed and good results were obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Recurrent malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumour: local management with ethanol injection.

We report a 59-year-old woman who exhibited a recurrent malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumour on the scalp for 1 5 years. The tumour was recalcitrant to conventional treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation or hyperthermia and we performed intratumoral ethanol injection as an alternative means of reducing tumour mass and obtaining haemostasis. Biopsy specimens obtained after the ethanol injection revealed oedema, haemorrhage in the dermis and degeneration of the tumour cells, showing vacuolization with pyknotic nuclei. For cases of recurrent skin tumours and for patients in poor clinical condition, intratumoral ethanol injection is likely to be a therapeutic alternative to surgery or other conventional treatments.

Anemia↗