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Biomedical subjects

S Kishimoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Kishimoto.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Functional V region formation during in vitro culture of a murine immature B precursor cell line.

B lymphocytes originate from pluripotential haematopoietic stem cells and differentiate into immunoglobulin (Ig)-producing cells. B-cell lineage differentiation is accompanied by two types of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements--rearrangement of V, D and J gene segments to create a functional V gene and rearrangement of CH genes for heavy-chain switching. These results, however, have been obtained mainly by analysis of immunoglobulin gene organization of myeloma cells. Baltimore and his colleagues have established Abelson murine leukaemia virus (A-MuLV)-transformed cell lines and found a few lines capable of carrying out kappa-gene rearrangement or undergoing isotype switching during in vitro culture. To study early B-cell lineage differentiation events, we have now also established A-MuLV-transformed cell lines which are capable of differentiating from mu- to mu+ and of undergoing continuing rearrangement of heavy-chain genes in culture. Analysis of immunoglobulin gene organization of these transformed cells revealed that mu- cells have already undergone DNA rearrangements involving JH segments but an additional rearrangement of JH segments is required for initiation of mu-chain synthesis. Southern blot analysis of the DNA and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of intracytoplasmic mu-chain show that mu-chain diversity with respect to antigen specificity may be generated during this second rearrangement process. As no rearrangement of light-chain genes takes place in these cells, this implies that light-chain gene rearrangement requires some further change, or a different enzyme.

Abelson murine leukemia virus↗
PubMed1983

Interaction of human intestinal and hepatoma alkaline phosphatases with immobilized Cibacron Blue F3GA.

Possible interactions of human liver and intestinal alkaline phosphatases with Cibacron Blue F3GA were examined. The results indicated that the intestinal enzyme bound to the dye column whereas the liver enzyme did not. The affinity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase with the dye-ligand appeared to be biospecific, since a low concentration of purine nucleoside phosphates or potassium phosphate specifically reversed the binding. Taking advantage of the variant alkaline phosphatase from human hepatocellular cancer tissue to behave on the dye adsorbent in a similar fashion with the intestinal enzyme, it was purified by Cibacron Blue F3GA affinity chromatography, producing a 189-fold purification with a yield of 93%.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Chronic estrogen treatment causes an alteration in uterine estrogen receptor dynamics of rats.

Estrogen receptor content and dynamics in the uteri obtained from chronically estrogenized rats were analyzed. 12 day treatment with a subcutaneous implantation of a diethylstilbestrol pellet resulted in maximal stimulation of uteri with regard to wet tissue weight, DNA content, as well as progesterone receptor content without significant alteration of the estrogen receptor level. Estrogen receptor dynamics in just ovariectomized or ovariectomized and diethylstilbestrol-stimulated rats elicited by a single injection of estradiol were next examined using the exchange methods. The cytosol receptor content rapidly declined, with a small and temporary accumulation of the nuclear receptor in the uterus from rats continuously exposed to diethylstilbestrol during the preceding 12 days. A relatively rapid cytosol receptor replenishment was also observed in rats pretreated with diethylstilbestrol. This was accompanied by a rapid decrease in the nuclear receptor level to 70% of the preinjection value at 5 h after estradiol administration. These data are in contrast to findings on uteri of ovariectomized and nonestrogen-treated rats, in which a single injection of estradiol resulted in a prolonged nuclear receptor retention and a delayed cytosol receptor replenishment. Adrenalectomy did not result in a significant change of receptor dynamic patterns, suggesting that adrenal steroids do not play a role in the alteration of receptor dynamics elicited by continuous stimulation with diethylstilbestrol. These observations suggest that a continuous exposure of rat uteri to the estrogen causes an altered regulation of estrogen receptor dynamics by the homologous steroid compared to those in chronically estrogen-deprived rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Production of fibronectin by HUH6 C15 cell line established from a human hepatoblastoma.

Fibronectin was detected by indirect immunofluorescence on the cell surfaces of HUH6 C15 cells, established from a human hepatoblastoma and maintained with serum-free RPMI 1640 medium. Fibronectin synthesized by HUH6 Cl5 was purified by gelatin-Sepharose affinity chromatography and compared with human plasma fibronectin in respect to molecular weight, electrophoretic mobility and antigenicity. Fibronectin synthesized by this cell line was proved to be identical with human plasma fibronectin.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

B cell growth factors and B cell differentiation factor from human T hybridomas. Two distinct kinds of B cell growth factor and their synergism in B cell proliferation.

Human T hybridomas secreting B cell growth factors (BCGF) and B cell differentiation factor (BCDF) have been established. Hybrid clones 77-A, 94-C, and 98-F secreted BCGF that induced proliferation of anti-IgM-stimulated normal B cells. The culture supernatant from 77-A cells could also maintain continuous proliferation of colony-forming B cells, but the factor from 94-C could not. The addition of the supernatant from 94-C cells to that from 77-A cells, however, synergistically augmented the proliferation of colony-forming B cells, demonstrating the existence of two distinct kinds of BCGF and the synergism between them. These supernatants, however, showed no interleukin 2 (IL-2) or BCDF activity. A hybrid clone, 90-E, secreted BCDF. The culture supernatant induced Ig production in Cowan I-stimulated normal B cells or in a transformed B cell line, CESS. However, the supernatant had no BCGF or IL-2 activity. Anti-Ig-stimulated B cells, but not IL-2-dependent T cells, absorbed BCGF activity and CESS cells absorbed BCDF activity but not BCGF activity in the culture supernatants from T hybridomas. Taken collectively, the results demonstrated that IL-2, BCGF, and BCDF were different molecules and acceptors specific for the each molecule are present on the each target cell.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

Unusual trihydroxylated bile acids in urine of patients with liver cirrhosis.

Urine from 20 male patients with liver cirrhosis was analyzed for bile acid constituents by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Five unusual trihydroxy bile acids were found in the urine: norcholic acid in 18; 3 alpha, 7 beta, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid in 9; hyocholic acid in 11; 1 beta, 3 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid in 12; and allocholic acid in 13 patients. The presence of unusual trihydroxy bile acids was unrelated to the clinical severity of cirrhosis. Norcholic acid was the major trihydroxy bile acid which was found in the urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Observations on immunologic parameters in laryngeal cancer patients.

Patients with laryngeal cancer were examined immunologically before treatment and for 1-10 years after treatment. In the pretreatment group, the percentage of T cells, lymphocyte blastoid reaction (PHA, concanavalin A), and skin reactions (PHA) were generally in the normal range, but absolute numbers of T cells and lymphocytes were reduced in most patients. In the group with no recurrence after surgery, the absolute number of T cells and lymphocytes, IgG X FcR+T cells (T gamma), and skin reactions was normal in many cases. The group with recurrence showed reduced percentage of T cells and an absolute number of T cells and lymphocytes. The absolute number of T cells and lymphocytes and the PPD skin reaction increased after surgery in some cases, but reductions in some of the parameters were noted in a few cases long after surgery. Radiation therapy for patients with tumors at early stages did not significantly change the percentage of T cells or the skin reactions.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Preparation of a monoclonal antibody against human monocyte lineage.

Preparation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody termed M206 directed to a human monocyte lineage are described. The antibody was produced by somatic cell hybridization between BALB/c spleen cells primed with human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 and murine myeloma cell line P3U1. The antibody reacted intensely with human peripheral blood monocytes as well as U937 but did not react with peripheral blood T and B cells. Granulocytes were weakly stained with the antibody by indirect immunofluorescence. M206 also reacted intensely with the immature leukemic cells from patients with acute monocytic leukemia but was unreactive with other types of leukemic cells except cells from chronic myelogenous leukemia which showed varied patterns of reactivities. M206 reacted with a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 180,000 on the surface of U937 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Concentration-dependent effect of trapidil on slow action potentials in cardiac muscle.

Trapidil, a coronary vasodilator and positive inotropic agent, was tested for its ability to affect the normal "fast" action potentials and the "slow" action potentials and contractions of isolated perfused chick hearts, and to affect the tissue cyclic AMP level. At 5 X 10(-3) M, trapidil completely blocked the fast Na+ channels in hearts perfused with normal Tyrode solution, since this dose abolished the action potential when verapamil (2 X 10(-6) M) was present to eliminate the inward slow current. To study effects on the slow channels, the fast Na+ channels were voltage-inactivated by partial depolarization to about -40 mV with an elevated (25 mM) K+-Tyrode solution, resulting in loss of excitability. At low concentrations (1 X 10(-4) - 1 X 10(-3) M), trapidil induced slow action potentials accompanied by contractions, even in the presence of a beta-adrenergic blocker. In contrast, at high concentrations (3 X 10(-3) - 1 X 10(-2) M), trapidil markedly depressed or blocked the isoproterenol-induced slow action potentials. Consistent with this dual action, in hearts perfused with normal Tyrode solution, trapidil exerted a small positive inotropic action at low doses and a considerable negative inotropic action at high doses, even though the intracellular cyclic AMP level was substantially elevated. That is, trapidil has actions similar to those of papaverine. It is concluded that trapidil blocks both fast Na+ channels and slow channels in cardiac muscle, the fast Na+ channels being more sensitive, and that low concentrations of trapidil induce slow channels by elevating the cyclic AMP level because of phosphodiesterase inhibition.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1983

Evidence for a malignant proliferation of IgE-class specific helper T cells in a patient with Sézary syndrome exhibiting massive hyperimmunoglobulinemia E.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) from a patient with Sézary syndrome exhibiting massive hyperimmunoglobulinemia E were examined in vitro. The patient's PBM and B cells (Bp) but not normal individuals' PBM and B cells (Bn) produced spontaneously large amounts of IgE. The addition of pokeweed mitogen (PWM) did not affect IgE production by both the patient's and normal individuals' PBM. The IgE production by PWM-stimulated Bp was depressed when cocultured with normal T cells but not depressed with the patient's T cells (Tp). When Tp were cocultured with Bn, significantly larger than expected quantities of IgE were produced. Ig assay of the same supernates showed that Tp had significantly less helper activities for IgG, IgA, and IgM production. Almost all Tp possessed the Leu3a and Leu3b antigens which are expressed on the helper/inducer T cell subset. These results indicate that the neoplastic cells in this patient originated from a subset of T cells programmed not for IgG, IgA, and IgM, but for IgE synthesis.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1983

Protection by oral pretreatment with taurine against the negative inotropic effects of low-calcium medium on isolated perfused chick heart.

Chicks were given taurine by mouth using a cannula pushed down into the oesophagus. This treatment had protected the heart, when subsequently removed, against the decline of contractile force in the perfused heart brought about by low-calcium media. A small but statistically significant increase in taurine concentration occurred in the ventricular tissue of such pretreated hearts. In contrast, pretreatment with taurine did not affect ventricular calcium level. Addition of taurine (3 to 100 mmol . litre-1) into the perfusing solution did not alter the cyclic AMP level in the control perfused hearts, and failed to induce slow channel action potentials in hearts whose fast Na+ channels had been inactivated by high K+ (25 mmol . litre-1). However, taurine perfusion produced a significant positive inotropic action which became stable after 5 to 10 min of exposure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Simultaneous occurrence of acute myelogenous leukaemia and multiple myeloma without previous chemotherapy.

A patient with simultaneous occurrence of multiple myeloma and acute myelogenous leukaemia without previous chemotherapy was studied. Indirect immunofluorescence and protein A-coupled ox red blood cells rosette technique by use of anti-idiotype (Id) antibody showed some T cells with receptors of idiotypic specificity identical with that of the secreted myeloma protein. Plaque forming cell assay showed the presence of Id producing peripheral blood lymphocytes with EB virus receptor, probably B cells. These observations strongly suggest that multiple myeloma was not the result of a neoplastic transformation of the most differentiated B cells, plasma cell, but of lymphoid stem cells capable of differentiating to either B or T cells. However, there was not a detectable population of myeloblasts that expressed the same idiotype. Chromosomal analysis revealed a deletion of the long arm of chromosome 8 in myeloblasts but not in T or B cells. These results support the hypothesis of separate clonal origins for the leukaemic and myeloma components in this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of IgE production in B hybridomas by IgE class-specific suppressor factor from T hybridomas.

The function of IgE class-specific suppressor factor (IgE-TsF) from T hybridomas was studied by employing IgE-producing B hybridomas. IgE-TsF was obtained from IgE class-specific T hybridomas, which had been established by the fusion of a phosphorylcholine-conjugated Mycobacterium-primed T cell population with the T lymphoma cell line BW5147. The absorption experiments showed that IgE-TsF from T hybridomas was composed of the binding site(s) for IgE and I region gene products as observed in conventional IgE-TsF. Incubation of IgE-producing B hybridomas with IgE-TsF for 1 hr at 37 degrees C resulted in the reduction of the number of IgE-secreting cells when assessed by a reverse plaque assay. The proportions of surface IgE-positive cells were concomitantly reduced. After 24 hr incubation with IgE-TsF, the number of cytoplasmic IgE-positive cells was reduced, showing that IgE synthesis was inhibited by IgE-TsF. Antigen-specific TsF from phosphorylcholine-specific T hybridomas did not show any inhibitory effect, and IgE-TsF did not block the antibody production of IgM-producing B hybridomas. Precapping of IgE receptors by anti-epsilon antibody or the simultaneous addition of soluble IgE with IgE-TsF abrogated the suppressive function, suggesting that IgE-TsF acted directly on B epsilon cells through binding with IgE receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

IgE class-specific suppressor T cells and factors in humans.

An in vitro experimental system for the induction of IgE production has been established with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The stimulation of human PBL with PWM plus Cowan I induced IgM-, IgG-, and IgE- producing cells when assessed by reverse plaque assay. T cells, which had been isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and incubated with PPD plus IgE for 5 days, showed a suppressive effect on the polyclonal IgE response induced by PWM plus Cowan I. The direct addition of activated T cells, as well as the culture supernatant from activated T cells, abrogated the IgE response; the IgG response was not affected. The IgE-specific suppressive activity in the supernatant was specifically absorbed by an IgE column and could be eluted with acid buffer. The results demonstrated the presence of a human IgE binding factor(s), which showed its suppressive effect selectively in the IgE antibody response.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1983

A hepatitis B surface antigen polypeptide (P31) with the receptor for polymerized human as well as chimpanzee albumins.

Hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis B surface antigen particles co-occurring with hepatitis B e antigen, have the receptor for polymerized human and chimpanzee albumins that may be involved in the hepatotropism of hepatitis B virus. We identified the receptor on a hepatitis B surface antigen polypeptide with a molecular size of 31,000 daltons (P31). P31 bound to polymerized albumins from human and chimpanzee, but did not react with polymerized albumins from the experimental animals without susceptibility to hepatitis B virus. P31 was composed of the major polypeptide of hepatitis B surface antigen with a molecular size of approximately 22,000 daltons (P22) and additional 55 amino acid residues coded by the pre-S region in the hepatitis B virus-specific deoxyribonucleic acid. Because P22 did not react with polymerized albumin, the sequence of 55 amino acid residues in the pre-S region appeared to bear the receptor. Polypeptides with the receptor for polymerized albumin may make an efficacious hepatitis B vaccine, because they could raise antibodies against the putative site on hepatitis B virus capable of binding with hepatocytes to initiate the infection.

Amino Acids↗