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S Kershaw

Publications and source records attributed to S Kershaw.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

The effect of dietary lysine and valine fed during lactation on sow and litter performance.

Sows (98 first parity and 104 second parity) were used to determine the effects of dietary lysine and valine on lactation performance. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial with two levels of lysine (.80 or 1.20%) and three valine:lysine ratios (80, 100, or 120% of lysine). For all sows, increasing dietary lysine increased litter weaning weight (P < .001) and litter weight gain (P < .002) and reduced sow weight loss (P < .001). Litter weight gain tended (P = .22) to increase with increasing dietary valine, but the increase was not significant. Data were separated into two groups: sows that weaned 10 or more pigs and sows that weaned fewer than 10 pigs. For sows that weaned 10 or more pigs, litter weaning weight (P < .001) and litter weight gain (P < .001) increased and sow BW loss decreased (P < .001) when dietary lysine increased from .80 to 1.20%. For sows that weaned fewer than 10 pigs, increasing lysine had no effect (P < .77) on litter growth rate. For sows weaning 10 or more pigs, litter weaning weights (linear, P < .04; quadratic, P < .06) and litter weight gain increased (linear, P < .04; quadratic, P < .02) as dietary valine increased. For sows that weaned fewer than 10 pigs, maximum litter weight gain was observed at a valine:lysine ratio of 100% (quadratic, P < .13). These results demonstrate the need to increase dietary lysine and valine as litter weaning weights increase. High-producing sows that wean 10 or more pigs require increased dietary lysine and valine to maximize litter growth rate and minimize sow weight loss compared with sows weaning fewer than 10 pigs. The independent increases in litter weaning weights from adding lysine and valine suggest separate modes of action for these amino acids in high-producing sows.

Animals↗

Dacrocystitis.

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Acute Disease↗

Ethmoidal polypi.

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Ethmoid Sinus↗

Long acting beta-blockers in the twenty fourth hour.

Fifteen mild to moderate hypertensives were submitted to exercise testing using a bicycle ergometer with a fixed load. Heart rate, blood pressure and ECG were recorded throughout 5 min exercise and 10 min recovery. Oxygen uptake was measured during the final minute of exercise and blood glucose estimation and serum drug levels assessed 5 min after recovery. The above measurements were made after exactly 24 h following seven days administration of 160 mg of long acting (L.A.) propranolol, 200 mg of sustained action (S.A.) metoprolol and two matched placebos. Propranolol L.A. was superior to Metoprolol S.A. in the reduction of exercise induced tachycardia and both drugs were significantly superior to placebos. Both drugs were effective agents for the lowering of resting blood pressure after 24 h but propranolol L.A. was more effective in the lowering of systolic peaks observed during exercise. There was no significant effect upon oxygen uptake and blood glucose. The incidence of side effects was low and showed no significant difference from placebo.

Blood Glucose↗