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Biomedical subjects

S Katoh

Publications and source records attributed to S Katoh.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Autotransfusion in urological surgery--experience with transurethral resection].

With the purpose to avoid the risk of homologous transfusion, autologous blood transfusion was performed in 26 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P). Autologous blood (200-400 ml/time, 1-3 times, total 200-800 ml, mean 381 ml) was predeposited 4 days to 3 weeks prior to elected TUR-P and was transfused during or just after the operation. Since the start of this program in February 1988, homologous transfusion rate was decreased to 13.1%, whereas it has been 22.3% in 203 cases between January 1984 and January 1988. The mean hemoglobin level fell to 81.6% of the predeposition level. However, the hemoglobin level recovered to 90.1% one month after operation. The circulatory condition of the patients with autologous transfusions was stabler than that of the patients with homologous transfusion or no transfusion. No clinical hemostatic problems occurred. In cases with mild to moderate volume resection of the prostate, this autologous blood transfusion is recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of small subunits of photosystem I reaction center complex from a thermophilic cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus Nägeli.

Four small subunits (14, 13, 10, and 8 kDa) of the photosystem I reaction center complex were isolated from a thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus and their N-terminal amino acid sequences determined. Sequence analysis of the 10-kDa subunit revealed that the distribution of cysteine residues, Cys-X-X-Cys-X-X-Cys-X-X-X-Cys-Pro, is characteristic of bacterial-type ferredoxins, and that its partial sequence is highly homologous to that deduced from the chloroplast gene frx A of liverwort. This indicates that the 10-kDa polypeptide is an apoprotein carrying two iron-sulfur centers, FA and FB, assigned as [4Fe-4S] clusters, which mediated the light-activated transfer of electrons from P700 in photosystem I reaction center complex to soluble ferredoxin. The amino acid sequence of the 14-kDa polypeptide also showed similarity to that of the 20-kDa polypeptide from spinach chloroplast that can be chemically crosslinked with soluble ferredoxin. Thus, the 14-kDa polypeptide appears to be the ferredoxin 'docking' protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study concerning of latamoxef concentration in the obstructed urinary tract].

Urinary LMOX concentration was studied in 18 patients with unilateral ureteral obstruction. The concentration of LMOX in the urine from the mild obstructed kidney was 124 to 2,140 micrograms/ml and 10 micrograms/ml in the severely obstructed ones. The difference was probably due to the intensity and the duration of the obstruction. The patient with 99mTc-DMSA renal uptake of less than 3% also had a urinary LMOX concentration of less than 7 micrograms/ml. The above results seem to show that 7 micrograms/ml in urinary LMOX concentration is a significant figure for treatment of UTI. 99mTc-DMSA renal uptake and renal echogram were used to estimate the excretion rate of antibiotics into the urine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Tuberculin skin test among medical college students].

The incidence of active tuberculosis in Japan has markedly decreased in the past few decades. It is also reported that the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in young population has been decreasing in accordance with the decline in the overall occurrence of tuberculosis. The above mentioned facts indicate that the younger population has a greater risk of developing tuberculosis once exposed to tuberculosis infection. Actually, the epidemics of tuberculosis among the adolescent population have often been reported in recent years. We performed a tuberculin skin test on our medical college students, who might be exposed to tuberculosis infection during their student clinical internship, in order to obtain the information about their present status of reaction to the tuberculin skin test. The data obtained from students between 18 and 25 years old were analyzed using Student's t test and Kruskal-Wallis's method. The mean size of erythema in the group of 23, 24 and 25 years old were significantly greater than that in the group of 20, 21 and 22 years olds. Similarly the latter was significantly greater than that in the group of 18 and 19 years olds. Furthermore, it was proven by the Kruskal-Wallis's method that the older a group was, the greater the chance of a large erythema. One explanation for this fact might be a decrease in the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in the younger generation as described above. Another explanation seems to be related to the revision of the Tuberculosis Prevention Law in 1974.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A case of idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia associated with chronic renal failure].

A rare case of idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia (IPL) associated with chronic renal failure was described in this report. A 73-year-old male was admitted and diagnosed as IPL. IPL is proposed by Mori et al. in 1980. Clinical entity of IPL is (1) Polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia (2) Systemic Lymphadenopathy characterized by remarkable mature plasmacytosis without atypism and by no destruction of the structures. (3) All disease with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia can be excluded. In this patient, physical findings showed enlarged lymph nodes (1-2 cm) in bilateral nuchal, submandibular, axillary and inguinal lesions. Laboratory examinations showed polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia (especially IgG, IgA), anemia and renal dysfunction. Microscopic observation of hematoxylin-eosin staining in the axillary lymph node showed increased mature plasma cells without evidence of malignant growth. Immunoperoxidase staining showed intracytoplasmatic polyclonal immunoglobulins. IPL is known as invading other organs besides lymph node, for example skin, lung or kidney. This patient showed renal dysfunction (Cr clearance 11 ml/min, severe proteinuria). Nine cases of IPL and multicentric plasma cell type Giant Lymphnode Hyperplasia (GLH) concurrent with renal dysfunction were reported. Only in two of them chronic renal failure were reported. Twice a week hemodialysis improved his condition and laboratory findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Consideration on transfusion in urologic surgery--a retrospective study on homologous and autologous transfusions].

To obtain data for promoting autologous transfusion in urologic surgery, the cases of perioperative homologous transfusions in the past 5 years are reviewed. Although the mean perioperative homologous blood transfusion rate was not so high (10.2%), the rate in common urological surgery was comparatively high (eg. radical nephrectomy 39.4%, simple or palliative nephrectomy 21.6%, total nephroureterectomy 33.3%, renal allotransplantation 82.8%, total cystectomy 96.2%). Mean homologous transfusion volume in these surveys was 982 ml. Two successful cases of autologous blood transfusion by the predeposit method or intraoperative collecting method are presented. Transfusion-associated adverse effects, especially viral infection and immunosuppression, were discussed and the value of autotransfusion was stressed.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1990

[CT in eosinophilic granuloma of the lung].

We analyzed the chest CT findings in nine patients with biopsy-proven eosinophilic granuloma. Multiple cystic lesions with relatively thin walls seems characteristic of this disease. Small nodular lesions and increased density were observed in many cases. Pleural or subpleural lesions were found in all cases. In seven cases, the distribution of the lesions were predominantly in the upper or upper and middle lung fields. In the remaining two cases however, lesions were found homogeneously throughout the whole lung. In order to analyze the site of the lesions in the secondary pulmonary lobule, a specimen obtained from an open lung biopsy was inflated and fixed using fixative by Heitzman's method. Observation of the slices of the specimen by dissection microscope and their soft X-ray radiographs demonstrated that the lesion existed in the central area of acini. However, CT of the patient before open lung biopsy didn't showed centriacinar distribution. The disparity is because a certain number of lesions lobule is necessary to identify the centriacinar pattern by CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of systemic origin of an aberrant artery to the basal segments of the left lung].

A thirteen-year-old asymptomatic boy was referred to our hospital because of a cardiac murmur detected on a routine physical examination at school. A plane chest radiography showed increased vascular markings in the left lower field. An Aortogram revealed a large artery arising from the descending aorta and suppling the left posterior basal segment which had no pulmonary arteries. A bronchogram showed no abnormal findings in the bronchial tree. A clinical diagnosis of systemic origin of an aberrant artery to the basal segments of the left lung was made, and left lower lobectomy was performed successfully. We discussed the difference of this anomaly from pulmonary sequestration as well as the surgical procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical statistics on outpatients, inpatients and operations in 1988].

Statistical studies were made on 1,766 outpatients, 657 inpatients and 687 operative procedures at our department in 1988. The most frequent diseases among the outpatients were urogenital infections followed by anomalies, tumors and stones. The major diseases among the inpatients were congenital urethral stenosis, hypospadias, vesicoureteral reflux, benign prostatic hypertrophy and bladder tumor. A total of 687 operations were performed. The five major operations were optic internal urethrotomy, hypospadias repair, transurethral resection of prostate, ureterocystoneostomy and transurethral resection of bladder tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effects of arachidonic acid concentration on prostaglandin biosynthesis and feasibility of semibatch processes.

The reaction characteristics of prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis by PGH-synthase and PGE2 isomerase and the substrate dependency of this biosynthesis were studied. The activity of PG-synthases was blocked by the inhibitory action of one or more byproducts, probably resulting from the action of PGH-synthase. This inhibitory action then appeared to be partly reversible, indicating that the substrate and the inhibitor compete for the catalytic sites. According to these findings, the feasibility of a successful semibatch biosynthesis was investigated. A combination of the substrate concentration reducing procedure and the semibatch process resulted in an about 3.5-fold higher increase in the total amount of PGE2 formed in comparison with the batch results obtained at the substrate concentration of 1.0 mg/cm3. Since the cost of enzyme is a governing factor in this biosynthesis, development of semibatch biosynthesis of PGE2 becomes a matter of economic importance.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

111In (III) uptake by inflammatory and normal tissues.

Tissue distributions of 111In (III) in the rats bearing granuloma, inflammatory tissue induced by turpentine oil, were compared with those of 67Ga. The results showed that indium-111 resembles 67Ga in the manner of uptake by inflammatory and normal soft tissues. The effect of cold-InCl3 on 111In (III) uptake showed that transferrin is not involved in the uptake of 111In (III) into inflammatory tissues but is involved in the uptake into liver and spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Umbilical artery velocity waveforms are not valid indices for assessing growth retardation in utero.

Blood flow velocity waveforms from the umbilical artery of 126 normal fetuses with no complications at 20-41 weeks and in 31 growth-retarded fetuses, were recorded using pulsed Doppler ultrasound. A total of 140 examinations were performed on normal fetuses and 49 on growth-retarded fetuses. The resistance index (RI) was used as an index of blood flow resistance. In 30 of the 31 growth-retarded fetuses (96.8%), the values of RI were within the mean +/- 2 S.D. of normal fetuses. Placental/fetal weight ratio (P/F ratio) was assessed. All values of P/F ratio of growth-retarded fetuses were within the mean +/- 2 S.D. of normal values. Small placentas expressed as a normal P/F ratio almost always associated with normal RI values. Therefore, measurement of RI on umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveform by Doppler ultrasound cannot serve as a valid diagnostic index to predict growth retardation of the fetus in utero.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1989

Biopterin and neopterin in human saliva.

Presence of biopterin and neopterin in human saliva was investigated by HPLC after iodine oxidation in acidic medium. Concentrations of biopterin and neopterin (M +/- SEM) were 1.271 +/- 0.254 and 0.358 +/- 0.075 ng per ml, respectively, in saliva of apparently healthy young male adults, ages 20 to 22 years (n = 9). Nearly identical value of the neopterin/biopterin ratio (0.29 +/- 0.07) was obtained for each of these specimens. Monapterin, the L-threo-isomer of neopterin (0.084 +/- 0.022 ng per ml saliva), and other unconjugated pterins such as xanthopterin, 6-hydroxymethylpterin and pterin were also found in the saliva. These pterins were all detectable in saliva of young female adults with similar levels to those of male saliva. Another fluorescent compound which was identical with 7-iso biopterin in retention time on HPLC was observed in all specimens of normal saliva examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Spontaneous spongy degeneration of the brain stem in SAM-P/8 mice, a newly developed memory-deficient strain.

A spontaneous spongy degeneration of the brain stem and spinal cord was discovered in a murine model of accelerated senescence (SAM), cared for under both conventional (SAM-P/8) and specific pathogen-free (SAM-P/8/Ta) conditions. SAM-P/8 and SAM-P/8/Ta showed no clinical neurological abnormalities, yet there was a deterioration in learning and memory abilities. Light microscopic examination revealed a spongy degeneration in the brain stem and spinal cord, in the reticular formation, and proliferation of hypertrophic astrocytes in the spongy area. The spongiform degeneration progressed with advancing age from four to eight months, after which the entire brain was involved. Astrocytosis increased with advancing degeneration. Ultrastructurally, mild dendritic swelling occurred at one month of age. At two months of age, moderate postsynaptic swelling and a widening of intracellular membrane structure were observed, and at age five months there were large vacuoles circumscribed by membranous lamellae, identifiable as myelin. Vacuoles in SAM-P/8 proved to be swollen neuronal processes and oligodendroglial processes. These SAM-P/8 and SAM-P/8/Ta strains of mice are new memory-deficient strains with spontaneous spongy degeneration associated with aging.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Anti-bacterial defense mechanism of the urinary bladder. Role of mannose in urine].

Bacterial adherence to mucosa is thought to be an initial and important stage to cause urinary tract infection. Among some mechanisms of bacterial adherence, the role of fimbriae and its receptor is worthy of notice. In particular, type 1 fimbriae, for which mannose is assumed as a receptor, is reported as the most common type and called "common fimbriae". Therefore if a certain amount of mannose is present in urine, it will cover the fimbriae of bacteria and competitively block the bacterial adherence to bladder mucosa. As the first step, we tried to detect mannose in urine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sugar can be measured by detecting the fluorescence which is produced by a sugar separated by ion exchange, reacting with arginine at high temperature. The results using standard sugar samples should have highly stable retention time and concentration curve with the minimum detectable mannose concentration of 0.02 microgram. We investigated mannose in urine from 186 cases. Since the mannose peak was often masked by near unidentified peaks, the peak of mannose could be detected only in 80 cases and its concentration could be measured only in 24 cases. Mannose concentration in the urine of the 24 cases was between 2.6 and 108.7 micrograms/ml and in most of cases it was lower than 20 micrograms/ml. Secondary, we examined the possibility of a mannose in urine to prevent bacterial adherence to mucosa by the hemagglutination test using guinea pig erythrocytes and type 1 fimbriated E. coli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical effects of intravesical instillation of polymyxin B in patients with acute cystitis].

The effectiveness of intravesical instillation of Polymyxin B was studied in 17 patients suffering from acute cystitis. The 17 patients, all female, had an average age of 42 years. The average duration between the onset of symptoms and the initial visit to the hospital was 4.6 days. The causative organisms were 15 strains of E. coli and 1 each of P. rettegeri and K. pneumonia, respectively. Improvement of symptoms was observed in 76% of the cases but pyuria was cleared in only 47% of the cases. Clinical results were excellent in 8 cases (47%), good in 6 cases (35%) and poor in 3 cases (18%). The overall effectiveness rate was 82%. No appreciable amount o Polymyxin B, was detected in the serum of 4 patients examined.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Palmar luxation of the metacarpophalangeal joint. Report of a case and review of the literature].

A palmar dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of a little finger occurred in a 25-year-old man and was successfully treated by an open reduction. Only seven other cases were reported in the literature. The mechanism of the palmar MCP joint dislocation was assumed to occur by hyperflexion injury. The dorsal capsule of the MCP joint was thought the essential pathologic feature that prevented successful closed reduction. The mechanism and pathologic anatomy of the palmar dislocation of the MCP joint is discussed.

Adult↗