Biomedical subjects

S Kato

Publications and source records attributed to S Kato.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Near-infrared spectroscopy evaluated as a technique for estimating udder haemodynamics in the lactating cow.

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) that requires few compact instruments is a non-invasive and continuous method of monitoring haemodynamics in living organs. To assess the feasibility of using NIRS in evaluating the udder haemodynamics in six dairy cows, a probe component consisting of a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor was attached to the left side of the udder surface. Real-time variation of tissue haemodynamics was analysed and the data were transferred to the computer by way of a radiotelemetry system. On induction of temporary congestion by applying pressure with the hand pressed firmly against the left milk vein for 20 s, concentration of oxyhaemoglobin decreased throughout the 20-s duration of congestion, and concentration of deoxyhaemoglobin increased. A surge in blood volume was also observed from the beginning of congestion, then the volume attenuated to baseline. The data demonstrated that the reading seen on the monitor reflects the real-time status of the mammary gland. NIRS shows promise as a useful approach to physiological studies.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Histochemical analysis of lymphatic endothelial cells in the pancreas of non-obese diabetic mice.

We studied the relationship between insulitic development and function-structural changes of pancreatic lymphatics in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice using combined 5'-nucleotidase (5'-Nase) enzyme histochemical and secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) immunohistochemical methods. Interlobular lymphatic vessels were positive for 5'-Nase throughout the pancreas, and dependent on both blood vessels and pancreatic ducts. Intralobular initial lymphatics were rare and occasionally ran in the neighbourhood of islets. During the non-insulitic stage, the 5'-Nase-reactive product was evenly distributed on the surface of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) with weak expression of CCL21. The activity of 5'-Nase on lymphatic vessels became slightly reduced as insulitis developed. The increasing blood glucose values appeared to be consistent with an increasing CCL21 expression by the endothelial lining, especially on the surface of LECs adjacent to the infiltrated islets and tissues. Lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) were frequently located in the connective tissue, surrounding the lymphatic wall with deposition of 5'-Nase precipitates. As the infiltration became severe, lymphocytes and DCs accumulated within lymphatic vessels and expressed high levels of CCL21. The most significant finding was that many DCs adhered to lymphatic vessels, transmigrating via the thin and indented endothelial walls. The activity of 5'-Nase was increased on the adhesion surface between DCs (or lymphocytes) and LECs. The latter were characterized by open intercellular junctions and obvious cytoplasmic protrusions. These results suggest that LECs closely interact with DCs and lymphocytes, and play a key role in the migration of DCs and lymphocytes via lymphatic vessels during the pathological processes of insulitis in NOD mice.

5'-Nucleotidase↗

PubMed2003

Genetic polymorphisms of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, cytochrome p450 2E1 for liver cancer risk in HCV antibody-positive japanese patients and the variations of CYP2E1 mRNA expression levels in the liver due to its polymorphism.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in persons with liver cirrhosis (LC) arises following hepatitis virus infection. Alcohol may accelerate the risk of development of LC and HCC. Cytochrome p450 2E1 (CYP2E1) oxidizes ethanol to form acetaldehyde and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) detoxifies acetaldehyde, which is carcinogenic in humans, and both alcohol-metabolizing enzymes show the genetic polymorphisms in a Japanese population. METHODS: Using polymorphism analysis, we studied the frequency of ALDH2 functional deletion due to the G to A single-bp mutation in exon 12 and CYP2E1 polymorphism in the transcriptional region, both associated with higher levels of acetaldehyde, in 135 patients with LC and/or HCC, including 99 with HCC, and 135 non-cancer controls. The mRNA expression levels of CYP2E1 in the liver were also examined in 55 surgical specimens. RESULTS: The allelic frequency of the homozygous ALDH2 2-2 genotype, coding for the enzyme deletion, was significantly higher compared to that of the homozygous or heterozygous ALDH2 1-1 genotypes in cases with HCC (OR = 5.4, 95% CI 2.1-14.0). There were no differences in the frequencies of specific genotypes of CYP2E1 in cases of HCC, but combined analysis of ALDH2 and CYP2E1 revealed that the odds ratio of occurrence of the C1/C1 homozygosity of CYP2E1 and the ALDH2 2-2 homozygosity was as high as 23.0 (2.9-182). The mRNA levels of CYP2E1 were higher in the liver of patients with the C1/C1 homozygosity of CYP2E1 than in those with other genotypes (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ALDH2 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms may modify the risk of development of HCC against the background of LC in the Japanese. Polymorphism analysis of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes using molecular techniques may be useful in the risk assessment of liver cancer in patients with hepatitis C virus infection.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Relation between retrobulbar circulation and progression of diabetic retinopathy.

AIMS: To investigate retrobulbar circulatory parameters in type 2 diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR) progression. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study. One eye of 35 diabetic patients with background DR (BDR) were included in the study. Eyes without DR, with proliferative DR, photocoagulation, past surgical procedures, or other ophthalmic disease except BDR and cataract were excluded. The study was masked. Colour Doppler imaging (CDI) was used to measure the retrobulbar circulation at the beginning of the study and after a mean follow up interval of 21 months. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistivity index (RI) in the central retinal artery and vein and the posterior ciliary artery were measured. RESULTS: 18 patients who developed DR progression showed significantly increased central retinal vein PSV ( 5.6 (3.5-9.1) p = 0.003), EDV ( 3.4 (2.3-4.4) p = 0.04), and RI ( 0.43 (0.20-0.56) p = 0.02) at the final measurement compared to the initial measurement (PSV = 4.6 (3.2-7.0); EDV = 3.0 (2.3-3.7); RI = 0.40 (0.17-0.52)). Circulatory parameters in the central retinal artery and the posterior ciliary artery did not alter significantly after progression of DR. 17 patients were without DR progression and they did not show any significant differences in the measured circulatory parameters on entry compared to the final measurement. CONCLUSION: The authors suggest that the initial changes in the retrobulbar circulation during DR progression occur in the central retinal vein.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Immunohistochemical localization of truncated midkine in developing human bile ducts.

Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor whose gene has been identified in embryonal carcinoma cells in early stages of retinoic acid-induced differentiation. In the present study, we investigated the developmental localization of truncated MK protein in human bile ducts. Thirty specimens of the livers from 25 fetuses (from 9 to 40 gestational weeks) and from five neonates less than 4 weeks old were examined. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using a mouse IgG2b monoclonal antibody against recombinant-truncated MK. Truncated MK was expressed moderately in the fetal liver from 9 to 15 gestational weeks. The immunoreactivities were found in the primitive hepatocytes, ductal plates, migrating biliary cells and immature bile ducts. The reaction products were localized in the cytoplasm heterogeneously. The intensity of immunostaining was weak from 15 gestational weeks to 26 gestational weeks. After 27 gestational weeks, truncated MK was not detected in the fetal livers. It was suggested that primitive hepatocytes, ductal plates and immature bile ducts produced truncated MK transiently during human bile ducts development.

Bile Ducts↗

PubMed2003

Genetic differences in interleukin-1 betapolymorphisms among four Asian populations: an analysis of the Asian paradox between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer incidence.

The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is high among Asian populations, but the incidences of gastric cancer differ greatly among northern and southern Asian populations. Here, we studied histopathological findings in stomach tissue using an updated Sydney System and the frequencies of interleukin (IL)-1betapolymorphisms, thought to be associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer, in four Asian populations. Endoscopic-guided biopsies from three regions of the stomach and the -511 T-to-C polymorphism in the IL-1betagene were examined in 228 Japanese, 116 Chinese, 159 Thai and 83 Vietnamese patients with gastric diseases. H. pylori colonization, inflammation and activity were more severe in the Japanese and Thai populations than in the Chinese and Vietnamese populations and these scores were more antrum-predominant in the Thai and Vietnamese populations than in the Japanese and Chinese populations, with the most severe degree of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia occurring in the angulus region of the Japanese population. The IL-1betapolymorphisms did not differ among the four populations overall, but in cases with severe mucosal atrophy (pepsinogen I/II ratio <3.0), the CC polymorphism was dominant in the Japanese population and the TT+TC polymorphism was dominant in the Chinese population; no difference in C and T allele frequencies was found in the Thai and Vietnamese populations. In conclusion, the incidence of gastric cancer is extremely low, but the prevalence of H. pylori infection is high in the Thai population (Asian paradox). In the Thai population, the scores for corpus gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, which are associated with a high risk of gastric cancer, were low in comparison with the Japanese population. IL-1betapolymorphisms were correlated with mucosal atrophy in the Japanese and Chinese populations, but not in the Thai and Vietnamese populations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment for chronic hemorrhagic pyothorax].

A case of pleuro-pneumonectomy following arterial embolization for chronic hemorrhagic pyothorax occurring 40 years after artificial pneumothorax treatment was investigated. The patient was an 80-year-old male diagnosed with chronic hemorrhagic pyothorax after complaining of bloody sputum and difficulty breathing during exertion. The pyothorax space was conspicuously extended, and the mediastinal space was compressed. Although this condition was treated periodically over time by thoracentesis, pleuro-pneumonectomy was selected as a radical treatment. Since a large amount of hemorrhaging was expected during surgery, preoperative transcatheter embolization of the left lateral thoracic artery, the bronchial arteries and the left internal thoracic artery was performed. The amount of hemorrhaging during surgery from the feeding artery from the thoracic wall was 5,700 ml. There was an abundance of dilated blood vessels within the thickened pleura, and angiomatous structures were observed. Although symptoms improved following surgery, sudden massive hemorrhage was observed from the thoracic drain on the morning of the 79th postoperative day, and the patient died from hemorrhagic shock. Emergency thoracotomy was performed, and aortic rupture was observed on the origin of the left subclavian artery. Chronic hemorrhagic pyothorax has a peculiar pathology even for chronic pyothorax, and a large amount of hemorrhaging can be expected during surgery. Precaution must be taken for postoperative arterial hemorrhage caused by delayed inflammation.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Protection against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by microspheres of ellagic acid in rats.

Ellagic acid (EA), a naturally occurring plant phenol, has the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we examined the effect of EA contained in microspheres on the ulcerative colitis induced experimentally in rats by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Experimental colitis was induced in male Fisher 344 rats by daily treatment with 3% DSS solution in drinking water for 7 days. EA of microspheres (mcEA: 1 approximately 10 mg/kg as EA contents) was administered p.o. twice daily for 6 days. In a preliminary study, we found that these microsphere capsules, when administered p.o., are effectively dissolved in the proximal to the ileo-cecal junction and distributed to the terminal ileum and the colon. The ulceration area, colon length, and mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity as well as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were measured on 7th day after the onset of DSS treatment. The DSS treatment for 7 days caused severe mucosal lesions in the colon, accompanied with the increases of MPO activity and TBARS as well as the decreases of body weight gain and colon length. Administration of mcEA reduced the severity of DSS-induced colitis in a dose-dependent manner, and a significant effect was observed at 10 mg/kg, the ED50 being 2.3 mg/kg. This mcEA treatment also significantly mitigated changes in various biochemical parameters in the colonic mucosa induced by DSS. Although plain EA (without using microspheres) was also effective in reducing the severity of DSS-induced colitis, this effect was much less potent as compared with that of mcEA; the ED50 was about 15 times higher than that of mcEA. In addition, a significant effect on DSS-induced colitis was also obtained by intra-rectal administration of superoxide dismutase, an anti-oxidative agent. These results suggest that EA prevents the ulcerative colitis induced by DSS, probably by radical scavenging and/or anti-oxidative actions. The microspheres used in this study may be useful for delivering an orally administered drug specifically to the colon.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Increased plasma TGF-beta1 in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the levels of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in plasma of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The TGF-beta1 plasma concentrations were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from 11 patients with ALS and 13 age matched healthy controls. RESULTS: The mean TGF-beta1 plasma concentration in the patients with ALS (2.15 +/- 0.80 ng/ml, mean +/- SD) was significantly higher than in the healthy controls (1.59 +/- 0.32 ng/ml) (P=0.031). There was a significant positive correlation between the TGF-beta1 plasma concentration in the patients with ALS and the duration of illness (r=0.66, P=0.028). CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that in ALS the plasma concentration of TGF-beta1 increases significantly with the duration of illness. These results suggest that TGF-beta1 is involved in the disease process of ALS.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Retrobulbar circulation in patients with age-related maculopathy.

PURPOSE: To investigate retrobulbar circulation in stages of age-related maculopathy (ARM) and in normal fellow eyes of patients with unilateral exudative ARM. METHODS: Color Doppler Imaging was used to measure circulatory parameters (peak-systolic velocity--PSV, end-diastolic velocity--EDV, pulsatility index--PI and resistivity index--RI) in the central retinal, posterior ciliary and ophthalmic arteries of 44 patients with age-related maculopathy (ARM) and 32 control subjects. Patients with ARM consisted of 11 with early ARM and 33 with late ARM. Twenty-one patients from the exudative ARM group were also included in a study of unilateral exudative ARM circulation. RESULTS: In the study of patients with ARM divided into stages, the PI and RI in the posterior ciliary artery of patients with late ARM were significantly higher than that of the control group (P = 0.0064; P = 0.0124). In the early ARM group, circulatory parameters did not differ significantly from those of the control group. In the study of unilateral exudative ARM, the affected eye showed significantly higher RI, as compared to the control group (P = 0.0157), and the fellow eye had significantly decreased EDV as compared to the control group (P = 0.0164). There was no significant difference in circulatory parameters between the affected and normal fellow eyes of patients with unilateral exudative ARM. CONCLUSION: PI and RI in patients with late ARM and EDV in fellow eyes of patients with unilateral exudative ARM showed significant changes in the posterior ciliary artery compared to normal controls. Altered circulation in the posterior ciliary artery may be involved in the pathogenesis of ARM.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Na,K-ATPase alpha3 subunit in the goldfish retina during optic nerve regeneration.

The goldfish optic nerve can regenerate after injury. To understand the molecular mechanism of optic nerve regrowth, we identified genes whose expression is specifically up-regulated during the early stage of optic nerve regeneration. A cDNA library constructed from goldfish retina 5 days after transection was screened by differential hybridization with cDNA probes derived from axotomized or normal retina. Of six cDNA clones isolated, one clone was identified as the Na,K-ATPase catalytic subunit alpha3 isoform by high- sequence homology. In northern hybridization, the expression level of the mRNA was significantly increased at 2 days and peaked at 5-10 days, and then gradually decreased and returned to control level by 45 days after optic nerve transection. Both in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining have revealed the location of this transient retinal change after optic nerve transection. The increased expression was observed only in the ganglion cell layer and optic nerve fiber layer at 5-20 days after optic nerve transection. In an explant culture system, neurite outgrowth from the retina 7 days after optic nerve transection was spontaneously promoted. A low concentration of ouabain (50-100 nm ) completely blocked the spontaneous neurite outgrowth from the lesioned retina. Together, these data indicate that up-regulation of the Na,K-ATPase alpha3 subunit is involved in the regrowth of ganglion cell axons after axotomy.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2002

Effect of taurine on ulcerogenic response and impaired ulcer healing induced by monochloramine in rat stomachs.

BACKGROUND: It is well known that neutrophil-derived hypochlorous acid interacts with ammonia (NH4OH) to generate monochloramine (NH2Cl) and that NH2Cl irritates the gastric mucosa and impairs ulcer healing. AIM: To examine the effect of taurine, a hypochlorous acid scavenger, on the mucosal ulcerogenic and the impaired healing response induced by NH2Cl in rat stomachs, in comparison with those of methionine and glycine. METHODS AND RESULTS: Under anaesthesia, oral administration of NH2Cl (120 mmol/L) produced severe lesions in male Sprague-Dawley rat stomachs. Taurine (10-100 mg/kg) given p.o. 30 min prior to NH2Cl dose-dependently prevented these lesions in response to NH2Cl. This action was mimicked by methionine (3-30 mg/kg) but not by glycine (10-100 mg/kg). Under urethane anaesthesia, mucosal exposure to NH4OH (120 mmol/L) caused a marked reduction of potential difference (PD) in the ex vivo chambered stomachs after induction of ischaemia, resulting in severe lesions. These ulcerogenic and PD responses by NH4OH plus ischaemia were also mitigated by taurine and methionine, but not glycine, applied to the chamber 20 min before the onset of NH4OH plus ischaemia. Moreover, oral administration of 100% ethanol produced severe haemorrhagic lesions in rat stomachs, all of which rapidly healed within 7 days after lesion induction. Daily administration of NH2Cl (20 mmol/L) significantly delayed the healing of these lesions, but recovery of this impaired healing response was obtained by concurrent administration of taurine. Both taurine and methionine showed a potent scavenging effect against NH2Cl in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: (1) NH2Cl generated either exogenously or endogenously damages the gastric mucosa and impairs the healing response; (2) taurine exerts a prophylactic effect against the deleterious effects of NH2Cl, mainly due to its scavenging action against NH2Cl; and (3) this effect of taurine may be useful for treatment of gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2002

Increased expression of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) and lymphocyte recruitment in murine gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori.

Although T cell involvement in Helicobactor pylori-induced gastritis is known, mechanism about T cell recruitment is not understood. In this study we examined how mucosal addressin cell adhesion -molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) is involved in lymphocyte recruitment in murine chronic gastritis induced by H. pylori. C57 BL/6 mice were infected with Sydney strain (SS1). Six months after infection, the stomach was removed. The expression of adhesion molecules, MAdCAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and the cell surface antigens CD4, CD8, CD45R/B220 or beta7-integrin were determined by immunohistochemistry. A significant increase in CD4 lymphocytes was observed in the body portion of stomach in SS1-infected mice and most of these CD4 cells express beta7-integrin, a known counter ligand for MAdCAM-1 molecule. Strong MAdCAM-1 expression was observed adjacent to these cells in the lamina propria as well as in the submucosa of SS1-infected stomach. Quantitative analysis showed that the area of MAdCAM-1 expression well correlated with the infiltration of beta7-integrin positive lymphocytes. On the other hand, expression of ICAM-1 or VCAM-1 in the lamina propria was few even in the SS1-infected stomach. Increased expression of MAdCAM-1 was well correlated to the location of lymphocytes, which express CD4 and beta7-integrin. These results suggest the possibility that MAdCAM-1 may be largely involved in the lymphocyte recruitment in the gastritis mucosa with H. pylori.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Two generations of the tongue and gustatory organs in the development of Hynobius dunni Tago.

In the development of Hynobius dunni there are two consecutive generations of the tongue and two generations of gustatory organs (taste buds and taste disks). The anlage of the developing secondary tongue appears just in front of the free ending of the primary tongue beginning at the larval developmental stage 62. From stage 67, a gradual reduction in the anterior part of the gill skeleton that supports the primary tongue occurs as the developing secondary tongue replaces the primary one. The lining of the entire oropharyngeal cavity of larvae contains only gustatory organs of the taste bud (TB) type. In younger larvae, the sensory area of a TB has a diameter of between 10 and 13 microm, while in older larvae, TBs reach 16-18 microm in diameter. After metamorphosis, some gustatory organs in the secondary tongue with a sensory area of 26-36 microm in diameter appear. In older animals they may reach as much as 56-71 microm. In other regions of the oropharyngeal epithelium than the tongue, these organs have an ellipsoid shape with a major axis of about 50 microm. On the basis of the cytomorphological criteria established previously, these organs were designated as taste disks. Thus, the presence of two generations of gustatory organs is characteristic of some urodeles, as well as frogs.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Detection of Helicobacter pylori in cow's milk.

AIMS: To investigate the existence of Helicobacter pylori in cow's milk as one of the foods which most Japanese children eat. METHODS AND RESULTS: Detection of H. pylori was demonstrated by the semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a culture method and electron microscopy. Semi-nested PCR demonstrated the ureA gene of H. pylori in 13 of 18 (72.2%) raw milk samples and in 11 of 20 (55%) commercial pasteurized milk samples. Helicobacter pylori binding immunomagnetic beads with H. pylori-specific goat anti-H. pylori antibody was shown by electron microscopy in both raw and pasteurized milk positive for the ureA gene. Helicobacter pylori was cultured in one raw milk sample, whereas it was not cultured in pasteurized milk samples. CONCLUSIONS, SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: There is a possibility that cow's milk is a transmission vehicle in childhood H. pylori infection, although we failed to confirm the survival of H. pylori in pasteurized milk.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Dietary L-carnitine increases plasma insulin-like growth factor-I concentration in chicks fed a diet with adequate dietary protein level.

1. The effect of L-carnitine supplemented into experimental diets with varying dietary protein concentrations (50, 200 and 400 g/kg) on body weight gain and plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration in chicks was examined. 2. Dietary L-carnitine supplementation provided 0, 200, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Chicks were given the diet ad libitum for 10 d. 3. When L-carnitine was provided as 500 or 1000 mg/kg, body weight gain was significantly improved in birds receiving the 200 and 400 g protein/kg diets. 4. There was an interaction between dietary L-carnitine and protein content on plasma IGF-I concentration. L-carnitine supplementation had little influence on plasma IGF-I concentrations in birds receiving the low protein (50 g/kg) diet. When dietary L-carnitine concentrations were increased from 0 to 1000 mg/kg in the adequate protein (200 g/kg) diet, plasma IGF-I concentrations were also increased. However, when dietary L-carnitine content was more than 500 mg/kg in the 400 g/kg protein group, plasma IGF-I concentration decreased with increasing dietary L-carnitine content. 5. Body weight change correlated significantly with the alteration in plasma IGF-I concentrations in chicks given diets with adequate dietary protein. 6. In conclusion, the improvement in body weight gain caused by dietary L-carnitine supplementation was achieved when chicks were given their dietary protein requirement, which may be partially explained by an increase in plasma IGF-I concentration.

Albumins↗

PubMed2002

Cross-talk between Msx/Dlx homeobox genes and vitamin D during tooth mineralization.

Rickets is associated with site-specific disorders of enamel and dentin formation, which may reflect the impact of vitamin D on a morphogenetic pathway. This study is devoted to potential cross-talk between vitamin D and Msx/Dlx transcription factors. We raised the question of a potential link between tooth defects seen in mice with rickets and Msx2 gene misexpression, using mutant mice lacking the nuclear vitamin D receptor as an animal model. Our data showed a modulation of Msx2 expression. In order to search for a functional impact of this Msx2 misexpression secondary to rickets, we focused our attention on osteocalcin as a target gene for both vitamin D and Msx2. Combining Msx2 overexpression and vitamin D addition in vitro, we showed an inhibitory effect on osteocalcin expression in immortalized MO6-G3 odontoblasts. Finally, in the same cells, such combinations appeared to modulate VDR expression outlining the existence of complex cross-regulations between vitamin D and Msx/Dix pathways.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Retrobulbar circulation in myopic patients with or without myopic choroidal neovascularisation.

AIM: To investigate the effect of myopia and myopic choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) on retrobulbar circulation in central retinal artery (CRA) and vein (CRV) and posterior ciliary artery (PCA). METHODS: 52 subjects with and without myopia were included in the study. Retrobulbar circulation was measured using colour Doppler imaging. Analysis of correlation of degree of myopia with blood flow velocity parameters was done. Circulatory differences between eyes of patients with unilateral neovascular degenerative myopia were estimated. RESULTS: The analysis of correlation between dioptry and blood flow velocity in the CRA, CRV, and PCA showed a significant positive correlation. Axial length was also significantly correlated with CRA and CRV blood velocity and had a tendency to be correlated with PCA blood velocity. When compared with the fellow eye, the eye with myopic CNV had significantly higher resistivity index (RI) (p=0.048) in the PCA and no significant difference in the circulatory parameters of the CRA and CRV. CONCLUSION: Central retinal and posterior ciliary blood velocity decreases with the increase of the degree of myopia. PCA RI is higher in myopic CNV.

Adult↗