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Biomedical subjects

S Kato

Publications and source records attributed to S Kato.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Impaired healing of gastric lesions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: effect of basic fibroblast growth factor.

We examined the influence of diabetes on the healing of HCI-induced gastric lesions and the healing promoting effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on these lesions under diabetic conditions induced in rats by streptozotocin (70 mg/kg, i.p.). The experiments were performed using 2-wk streptozocin-diabetic rats with blood glucose levels of >300 mg/dl. After 18 hr fasting, these animals were given 1 ml of 0.6 N HCl by gavage, and 1 hr later they were fed normally before being killed on various days after HCI treatment. Recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (acid resistant recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor mutein CS-23: 10 to 1000 ng/kg x 2, p.o.) or insulin (4 U/rat x 1, s.c.) was given 5 days after HCl treatment. Gastric lesions induced by HCI healed to quiescent state within 5 days both macro- and microscopically. Diabetic conditions did not affect the development of HCI-induced gastric lesions but significantly delayed the healing of these lesions. Daily administration of insulin returned high blood glucose levels to within normal ranges (120-140 mg/dl) and significantly antagonized the delayed healing of these lesions. The delayed healing in diabetic rats was also significantly promoted by recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (>300 ng/kg x 2) without any effect on blood glucose level. In normal rats, the mucosal levels of bFGF increased significantly in response to gastric injury at 3 days after HCI treatment. The mucosal bFGF levels in streptozotocin-diabetic rats were significantly lower under basal conditions before HCI treatment and did not increase after injury, yet such dysregulation of bFGF production was partially restored by insulin treatment. rhbFGF even at 1000 ng/kg had no effect on gastric acid secretion in either normal or streptozotocin-diabetic rats. These results suggest that diabetic conditions have deleterious influences on the healing of acute gastric lesions in both an insulin- and bFGF-sensitive manner, and that the administration of exogenous bFGF antagonizes the delayed healing of gastric lesions observed in diabetic animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Simultaneous ambulatory electrocardiography and pulse oximetry].

We developed a system for 24-hour ambulatory recording of blood oxygenation (SpO2) and electrocardiography (ECG). Using this system, we studied 10 healthy volunteers and 7 patients with chronic pulmonary diseases. The system incorporated a portable pulse oximeter (SM50) manufactured by Fukuda Denshi KK; the first and second channels were used to record ECG data and the third was used to record SpO2 data. An SpO2 sensor (Dispo-sensor D-25; Nellcor Inc.) was applied to the fourth of fifth finger. The SpO2 data (MicrO2; Siemens AG) were digitized and stored in the ambulatory recording device; the ECG was recorded simultaneously. The data were analyzed with a model DMW-9000H analyzer (Fukuda Denshi KK). A custom-designed program was also used, to remove noise errors. In the healty volunteers, SpO2 was at least 90% for the entire 24 hours. In all the patients, SpO2 fell below 90% at rest during the night or after a 15-minute walk. Transient atrial tachycardia was observed in 3 patients, and during the tachycardia the SpO2 was low. The number of extra ventricular beats divided by the total number of beats increased more in the patients than in the healthy volunteers (1.21 +/- 0.89 vs 0.6 +/- 0.3%, p < 0.05). SpO2 did not change significantly in the patients. In outpatients and in patients receiving home health care, the present system facilitates simultaneous diagnosis of respiratory failure an arrhythmias. In patients with chronic pulmonary diseases desaturation may cause transient atrial tachycardia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Two cases of tracheobronchial disruption due to blunt trauma].

Tracheobronchial disruption by blunt trauma is relative rate, but clinical course is various and sometimes fatal. A 22-year-old man (case 1) was admitted with traffic accident. Chest CT demonstrated pneumomediastinum and left pneumothorax. Bronchoscopy showed tracheal tear, but conservative therapy was selected because the peritracheal sheath remained intact. The second case was 27-year-old man, who was admitted with traffic accident. Pneumomediastinum and left tension pneumothorax were diagnosed, but bronchoscopy could not confirm the tracheobronchial disruption. As bronchial injury, lacerations and contusions of the lingular division were found in the thoracotomy, segmentectomy was carried out. When pneumomediastinum or pneumothorax is recognized in the patient of the blunt trauma, more careful examination of bronchoscopy is necessary to confirm the tracheobronchial disruption.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Transfusion of autologous deposited blood in support of surgery for cerebral aneurysm evaluated by screening for occult intracranial disease].

Preoperatively donated autologous blood was transfused during surgery of an unruptured cerebral aneurysm in a 63-year-old banker to avoid allogeneic blood exposure. The aneurysm in this case was evaluated by noninvasive screening for occult intracranial disease. The transfusion was based on the Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service autologous donor programme for regional hospitals. Preoperative autologous blood donation has continued to grow to reduce risks such as infectious disease transmission and post-transfusion graft-versus-host disease. It is an alternative transfusion practice that should become a standard of care for elective neurosurgery especially in preventive medicine.

Blood Transfusion, Autologous↗
PubMed1997

[Expression of the stress-response protein 60 in iritis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis--an immunohistochemical study].

Uveitis of unknown etiology is known to occur in association with various systemic disorders. We did an immunohistochemical study on the expression of stress-response proteins (srp's) in iritis associated with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is regarded as a model of multiple sclerosis. EAE was induced in Lewis rats by sensitization with homogenized spinal cord of guinea pig in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) (Group EAE). For controls, we used rats sensitized with CFA only (Group CFA) and untreated rats (normal controls). All rats developed iritis in Group EAE. In Group CFA, no rats developed iritis. No expression of ubiquitin, alpha B-crystallin, srp 27, srp 60, or srp 72 was seen in the epithelium of the iris of the rats in Group CFA. In the rats in Group EAE, srp 60 was expressed in the epithelium of the iris in 20/22 (90.9%) of the eyes examined, ubiquitin in 4/22 (18.2%), and alpha B-crystallin in 3/22 (13.6%). In the untreated rats, only ubiquitin was expressed in the epithelium of the iris in 1/6 (16.7%) of the eyes examined. These results suggest that srp 60, 60 kDa srp, plays an important role in the occurrence of iritis associated with EAE.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical classification of ALS patients based on the total course of ALS--proposal of respiratory motor paralysis-preceded type and its significance].

Since the motor paralysis occurs in all motor systems in ALS, the clinicopathological findings and care of the patients living beyond the development of respiratory failure must be considered. We have divided the efferent motor systems into four groups, i.e., limb, bulbar, respiratory, and external ocular. In this study, 37 ALS patients were followed for more than two years with respirator, and the onset of motor paralysis in all four systems was observed in each patient. First, we classified the patients into three groups according to the number of paralyzed motor systems observed within six months from the onset of the first motor paralysis, and we discuss the patient's prognosis after the first motor paralysis. Twenty-one patients with paralysis of the respiratory motor system alone were categorized as respiratory paralysis-preceded type ALS (R-type ALS), four patients with paralysis of the bulbar motor system alone as bulbar paralysis-preceded type ALS (B-type ALS), and 12 patients with simultaneous paralysis of two or more motor systems as combined motor system paralysis type ALS (C-type ALS). The results showed that the prognosis of R-type ALS is slow progression and that of C-type ALS, rapid progression. Next, we investigated the time of occurrence of the first motor paralysis of the four motor systems in 37 patients, and we discuss the most vulnerable motor functions in ALS, i.e., the initial clinical presentations in ALS. The most frequent first motor paralysis was of the respiratory motor system, and the initial clinical manifestations in ALS were impairment of fine discriminating voluntary respiratory and limb motor functions. These findings could be explained by the rule of ALS involvements, according to which onto-genetically newer motor functions are lost earlier than the older ones. Based on the findings in this study, we concluded that ALS initially involves the ontogenetically new motor functions in "the first system" proposed by G. Holstege, whose anatomical structure is composed of pre-motoneurons and motoneurons in the brain stem and spinal cord.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Effect of percutaneous transluminal mitral commissurotomy on pulmonary function and on the pulmonary vasculature].

We evaluated the therapeutic effect of percutaneous transluminal mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) on pulmonary function, and the damage caused to pulmonary vasculature by transient occlusion of the mitral valve during PTMC in patients with mild mitral stenosis. Pulmonary function tests were done and serum thrombomodulin was measured in 6 patients before and after PTMC. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure and mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure decreased significantly from the control values, and the decreases were proportional to the increase in the area of the mitral valve. VC, %VC, and DLco were in the normal range before and after PTMC but PEFR, FEV1%, FEV1, V50, V25, and V50/V25 were significantly higher after PTMC. Change in the area of the mitral valve correlated with the changes in FEV1% (r = 0.841), in V50 (r = 0.624), and in V25 (r = 0.697). The serum thrombomodulin levels before and after PTMC did not differ. We conclude that pulmonary dysfunction in patients with mild mitral stenosis MS is mainly due to an obstructive ventilatory defect, and that PTMC can correct this dysfunction without damaging the pulmonary vasculature.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical study of prejudicing autochthonous speech act (thought)--acceleration of the activity in the remission process of schizophrenia].

Schizophrenics occasionally experience guilty feeling at having insulted someone such as having said "You fool" or "Die" to a new acquaintance. They also experience guilty feeling from autochthonous thought, a feeling of having prejudiced his neighbour. This latter autochthonous thought is considered to be closely related with the former prejudicing speech act. The author would provisionally call these phenomenons of prejudice, prejudicing autochthonous speech act (or prejudicing autochthonous thought), particularly in the case in which the object of prejudice is an intimate real other, or a co-presenting other. Based on his own nine cases, the author has first described the clinical characteristics of this symptom, and then developed psychopathological considerations to draw a attention to the therapeutic importance of this symptom. On the symptomatological ground, the prejudicing autochthonous speech act (thought) belongs to psychomotor verbal hallucinations (J. Séglas), more precisely to the soliloquy type of this hallucination. On the clinical ground, this symptom is likely to follow auditory hallucination caused by an acute state or that of recovery period from this state. Furthermore, it is not infrequent that general improvement as well as remission follow the appearance of this symptom. This symptomatological change of the center of gravity, that is, the gradual transition from auditory hallucination to prejudicing autochthonous speech act (thought) is considered to correspond to a change of the patient's position in relation to others. This position, once experienced passively, is now experienced actively. In other words, the patient, coming out of an acute psychotic state and opening to an intersubjective world, is confronted with a high tension relationship with others. The prejudicing autochthonous speech act (thought) appears in this situation, to restore the patient's own subjectivity in coping with the pressure of real others. In this case, this phenomenon is considered to have a selfhealing effect. Prejudicing autochthonous speech act (thought), presents not only a certain disappearance process of auditory hallucinations, but also a kind of acceleration of the patient's activity in the preremission period which leads to a remission. Prejudicing autochthonous speech act (thought) should be therefore considered in the therapy of schizophrenics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Difference of new mutation rates in dystrophin gene between deletion and duplication mutation in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy].

To clarify new mutational rates in the dystrophin gene between deletion and duplication mutations, carrier diagnosis was performed on 123 mothers of probands suffered from Duchenne (DMD) and Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophy. Quantitative Southern blot analysis with cDNA probes was applied in this study. Out of 108 mothers of DMD/BMD patients with deletion mutation in dystrophin gene, 69 were carriers and 39 were non-carriers. On the other hands, all of 15 mothers of probands with duplication mutation were carriers. The fact that no new mutation occurred in oogenesis in the families with duplication mutations in dystrophin gene indicates that duplications arise in spermatogenesis. The risk of the mother of an isolated case of DMD/BMD with duplication mutation of being a carrier is significantly higher than the estimated risk based on the equality of new mutation in oogenesis and spermatogenesis.

Dystrophin↗
PubMed1997

[A new handpiece attachment for Nd:YAG laser ablation of emphysematous bullae].

Recently, attention has been drawn to lung volume reduction for bullous emphysema by wedge excision or laser ablation. We used a neodymium: yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser with a free-beam mode to ablate peripheral emphysematous areas of lung tissue. To aid us in this procedure, we developed an attachment consisting of a stainless steel rod 3 cm in effective length, with a 1.8-cm diameter ring attached to its tip, and installed it on the tip of the laser handpiece used for free-beam laser ablation. This device has the following distinct advantages: 1) the distance between the tip of the laser and the pleura can easily be held constant, 2) the angle of irradiation can easily be maintained at 90 degrees. These result in 3) a constant area of irradiation (one square centimeter), and 4) an irradiated area that is clearly distinguished by the ring. In addition, the attachment is 5) simple and easy to construct. Three patients with bullous emphysema underwent unilateral laser ablation of the visceral pleura with the new device. All patients recovered completely. We found this rod-and-ring attachment to be useful for free-beam laser ablation.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Antitumor effect of S-1 and cisplatin treatment against human gastric cancer xenografted in nude mice].

The enhanced effects due to the combined use of oral administration of S-1 and intraperitoneal administration of Cisplatin (CDDP) were examined with gastric cancer xenografts (NUGC 4). S-1, a new anticancer drug, was daily administered at 10 mg/kg (qld x 5 x 3 weeks). 5-FU level in blood was 1 microgram/ml at two hours after the treatment. Antitumor activity was not found in mice with only the CDDP treatment. But antitumor activity by S-1 and daily low-dose (1 mg/kg) or intermittent treatment (5 mg/kg) of CDDP showed better results than daily S-1 treatment. The daily low-dose CDDP treatment showed similar efficacy to the intermittent administration at the same total dose, but the daily low-dose CDDP treatment was better in the light of toxicities. These results suggest that treatment with S-1 and daily low-dose CDDP was effective for gastric cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

[The effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia combined with phentolamine infusion in a patient with low left ventricular ejection fraction undergoing resection of aortic abdominal aneurysm].

The subject was a 73 year old man scheduled for resection of abdominal aortic aneurysm. The patient had a past history of myocardial infarction and his left ventricular ejection fraction was 21%. Anesthesia was maintained with thoracic epidural anesthesia combined with light general anesthesia using NLA technique. Phentolamine was infused for after-load reduction. We maintained the intravascular volume with infusion therapy and mild hemodilution was performed. As the result of these procedures, systemic vascular resistance decreased and cardiac index increased after the induction of anesthesia. Forrester classification was subset I at any point during the surgery. Hemodynamic changes were not significant after clamping and unclamping of the aorta. We conclude that successful anesthetic management of this patient was due to the epidural anesthesia and combined use of phentolamine as a vasodilator.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Umbilical cord blood transplantation for a patient with Diamond-Blackfan syndrome].

A five-year-old girl with Diamond-Blackfan syndrome received cord blood transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling. The patient showed pale face at birth, and was diagnosed to have Diamond-Blackfan syndrome. She had been treated with prednisolone (PSL), high dose of methylprednisolone, erythropoietin, and anti-lymphocyte globulin. Despite of these intensive therapies, erythropoiesis did not entirely improve, and transfusion of red blood cells had been required every third or fourth week until cord blood transplantation. Conditioning regimen consisted of thoraco-abdominal irradiation (TAI; 8 Gy), cyclophosphamide (CY; 50 mg/kg x 4), and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG; 2.5 mg/kg x 4), Cyclosporin (CyA 3 mg/kg) was administered for the prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). 4.14 x 10 (7)/kg of cord blood mononuclear cells were infused to the patient. White blood cell (WBC) and reticulocyte counts increased promptly, but recovery of platelet count was delayed. Skin GVHD (grade I) appeared on day +9, which responded to the administration of PSL (2 mg/kg). Chromosomal analyses of bone marrow cells for sex mismatch revealed complete chimerism on day +14, on day +28 and thereafter. Umbilical cord blood cells can be an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells for allogeneic transplantation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1997

Role of the C-termini of human and chicken plasma retinol-binding proteins.

The most prominent differences between mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrate retinol-binding proteins (RBP) are in the C-terminal sequences. We have cloned and sequenced the cDNA for chicken RBP. Transfected COS cells that transiently expressed mammalian (human) or non-mammalian (chicken) RBP were used to demonstrate that both proteins were able to bind retinol and human transthyretin. However, we observed an increased retinol-independent secretion in cells expressing chicken RBP and reduced ligand-dependent secretion compared to the human protein. It can therefore be concluded that the C-terminal amino acid tail which is missing in chicken RBP compared to human RBP might play a role in retention and ligand-induced secretion.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Pathological characterization of astrocytic hyaline inclusions in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

To clarify the pathological characteristics of astrocytic hyaline inclusions (Ast-HIs) in patients with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) with neuronal Lewy-body-like hyaline inclusions (LBHIs), eight autopsies on members of four different families, including two long-term surviving patients with clinical courses of over 10 years, were analyzed. Ast-HIs were found only in the two long-term surviving patients who belonged to different families and to different races. Ast-HIs were ultrastructurally composed of 15- to 25-nm granule-coated fibrils that had immunoreactivities to superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and ubiquitin. Approximately 50% of the Ast-HIs expressed alpha B-crystallin, metallothionein, glutamine synthetase, and tubulin (alpha and beta) at various intensities. Some Ast-HIs reacted with antibodies to tau protein, S-100 protein, and heat shock protein 27. The Ast-HIs were not stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Our results suggest a cooperative role of superoxide dismutase 1, ubiquitin, and cytoskeletal proteins in the formation of granule-coated fibrils (namely, Ast-HIs) and provide evidence that Ast-HIs are formed in certain long-surviving familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with neuronal Lewy-body-like hyaline inclusions.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Influence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia induced by probucol on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis].

The influence of probucol-induced low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterolemia on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis was studied in 320 patients with angina pectoris or myocardial infarction, 32 patients with probucol 500 mg/day, 288 patients without probucol, who underwent follow-up angiography at intervals of at least 2 years. The 288 patients were divided into two groups depending on the serum HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) level at the follow-up angiography: the low HDL-C group had a serum HDL-C level below 40 mg/dl (152 patients) and the control group had 40 mg/dl or above (136 patients). Coronary sclerosis index was defined as the total products of coronary scores (0-6) by segments according to the American Heart Association reporting system in the branches without angioplasty and was compared between the three groups. In the probucol group, serum HDL-C level was significantly reduced from 43.9 +/- 10.6 (at baseline) to 31.1 +/- 7.6 mg/dl (at follow-up, p < 0.01) and was lower than that in the other two groups (low HDL-C group 33.1 +/- 5.0 mg/dl, p < 0.07; control group 52.6 +/- 9.8 mg/dl, p < 0.01). Coronary sclerosis index was most increased in the low HDL-C group (8.3 +/- 5.4-->11.9 +/- 6.1, p < 0.01), whereas there was no significant change in the probucol group (7.2 +/- 5.9-->9.1 +/- 6.8, p = 0.24). Our results showed that treatment with probucol inhibits the progression of coronary atherosclerosis despite the decrease in HDL-C level. One possible reason may be remarkable improvement in the other lipid factors, especially the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (165.7 +/- 33.9-->123.7 +/- 29.0 mg/dl, p < 0.01).

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and recurrence of stones].

A total of 178 renal units in 173 patients with renal and upper ureteral calculi were treated by percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PNL) between November 1984 and October 1995. PNL was performed as a monotherapy in 70 kidneys, while extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was combined in 108 kidneys. At the time discharged 110 (61.8%) kidneys were stone-free and the overall success rate, defined as no residual stone or fragments < 4 mm, was 96.1%. The stone-free rate was significantly lower (44.2%) for staghorn renal calculi. For 105 stone-free kidneys with > 6 months of follow-up, the cumulative stone recurrence rate was 4.2% at 1 year, 16.6% at 3 years, 29.2% at 5 years, 34.4% at 5 years and 55.4% at 10 years. None of the pretreatment parameters, such as stone size, number, location, composition, past history of urolithiasis and upper urinary tract obstruction, had a significant influence on stone recurrence.

Adult↗