Renal failure due to IgA (Berger) nephropathy with inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.
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Demyelinating Diseases↗
Biomedical subjects
S Katayama
Publications and source records attributed to S Katayama.
Increased serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels and intrathyroidal vascular area in patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the angiogenic factors. We examined both thyroid volume and intrathyroidal vascular area by color flow Doppler ultrasonography in patients with Graves' disease (GD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and subacute thyroiditis. The serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, TSH, TSH receptor antibodies, and VEGF were also examined. There was a significant increase in serum VEGF levels in patients with untreated GD and goitrous HT compared with those in healthy subjects. The serum VEGF levels in untreated patients with subacute thyroiditis were significantly higher than those in patients with untreated GD or HT. There was a significant correlation between serum VEGF levels and the ratio of intrathyroidal vascular area and thyroid area in untreated patients with GD who had a goiter larger than or equal to 40 cm3. There was also a significant correlation between serum VEGF and TSH levels in patients with HT who were hypothyroid and had a goiter. Serum VEGF levels decreased significantly in these patients after treatment; this was accompanied by a significant decrease in intrathyroidal vascular area and thyroid volume. Our study demonstrates that VEGF appears to play an important role in intrathyroidal angiogenesis in patients with GD and goitrous HT.
Adult↗
Efficacy of a mixed glycoprotein vaccine against pseudorabies in pregnant sows.
A pseudorabies virus (PRV) glycoprotein-mixed vaccine was prepared by heparin-affinity chromatography from PRV-infected PK-15 cell lysates. In our previous study, the trial vaccine was induced protection with suppression of virus shedding in one-month-old pigs and generation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in mice. In this study, the effect of the trial vaccine on suppression of both virus shedding and reproductive failure in pregnant sows was examined. Three sows were vaccinated twice until one week before mating. Each of them was infected intranasally with 10(6) TCID50 of PRV on day 28, 54, or 85 after mating, respectively. Three other sows were also mated and challenged at the same time as the respective control. The vaccinated sows produced virus-neutralizing antibodies. Sows with high level of VN antibody lowered the level and period of virus shedding after challenge. The maximum level of shed-virus titers in vaccinated sows were 10(1.25) to 10(3) times lower than controls. Vaccinated sows shed virus for 1 or 5 days, while controls shed for 8, 9, or 12 days. No abortion or stillbirth was observed in vaccinated sows during pregnancy. On the other hand, control sow challenged at a late stage of pregnancy showed abortion and stillbirth. The results obtained here indicate that our trial vaccine is effective to prevent reproductive failure by pseudorabies virus.
Abortion, Veterinary↗
Influence of cell surface glycoprotein gC produced by pseudorabies virus on cytopathic effect.
The wild-type pseudorabies virus (WT-PRV) produced a round-type cytopathic effect (CPE) in PK-15 cell line of porcine kidney origin, while PRVgCs lacking in gC-transmembrane-anchor region and PRVgC-defecting in gC gene produced a syncytium-type CPE. The mouse embryo cell line (BALB/3T3 clone A31) were transfected with recombinant plasmid of pcDNA3 which incorporated with gC gene. The transfected A31/gC cells were stably expressing gC. Only a round-type CPE was observed in these cells infected with WT-PRV, while a syncytium-type CPE was observed in the cells infected with each of the PRVgCs and PRVgC-. Any viruses described above induced a syncytium-type CPE in A31/pcDNA cells transfected with a plasmid without gC gene. By WT-PRV infection, PK-15 cells generated about 2- or 8-fold more gC than the A31/gC and A31/pcDNA cells when gC was measured by hemagglutination test. Flowcytometric analysis revealed that amount of gC on the cell surface of A31/gC and PK-15 cells increased after infection with WT-PRV. Round-type CPE was observed with the increase of gC. These results suggest that the type of CPE formation induced by PRV is dominated by the amount of gC on the infected cell surface.
3T3 Cells↗
Subependymoma in the lateral ventricle incidentally detected by routine brain examination--case report.
A 42-year-old male visited our hospital for a routine brain examination, which incidentally identified an intraventricular mass lesion (2.7 x 1.6 x 1.2 cm3). Magnetic resonance imaging showed the tumor was isointense on the T1-weighted image and hyperintense on the T2-weighted and proton images. The intraventricular tumor was totally extirpated through the interhemispheric ipsilateral transcallosal approach. The histological diagnosis was subependymoma. Neuroimaging cannot differentiate this benign neoplasm from other more aggressive tumors. Widespread use of the medical checkup system is expected to find a higher incidence of otherwise non-identified asymptomatic lesions. Surgical extirpation is one of the treatment options to establish the correct diagnosis and to prevent symptoms.
Adult↗
Association of CTLA-4 gene A-G polymorphism (IDDM12 locus) with acute-onset and insulin-depleted IDDM as well as autoimmune thyroid disease (Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis) in the Japanese population.
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Abatacept↗
A novel missense mutation in the homeodomain of the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha/maturity-onset diabetes of the young 3 in a Japanese early-onset type 2 diabetic patient and time-course of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
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Adolescent↗
Effect of the vasodilatory beta-blocker, nipradilol, and Ca-antagonist, barnidipine, on insulin sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of a vasodilatory beta-adrenoceptor blocker, nipradilol, and a long-acting Ca channel blocker, barnidipine, on insulin sensitivity. DESIGN: Insulin sensitivity was determined using a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique before and after a 12-week treatment period in eighteen patients with essential hypertension. RESULTS: Both drugs decreased blood pressure without affecting any serum parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism. Nipradilol significantly augmented glucose infusion rate (GIR) from 3.11+/-0.28 to 4.69+/-0.57mg/kg/min (p=0.027). Barnidipine also increased GIR from 3.91+/-0.43 to 5.29+/-0.43 mg/kg/min (p=0.028). Plasma norepinephrine concentrations significantly increased with barnidipine treatment, while nipradilol had no effect on plasma norepinephrine levels. No adverse events were reported during the study. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that vasodilatory beta-blockers such as nipradilol and long-acting Ca channel blockers such as barnidipine may be useful in the treatment of insulin resistant hypertensive patients.
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
New medicinal treatment for severe gingivostomatitis.
We formulated de novo a poraprezinc-sodium alginate suspension (P-AG) as a specific treatment for severe gingivostomatitis and administered it to 15 patients who had developed such inflammation while on chemotherapy. Very high utility of P-AG was demonstrated and the response was classified as excellent in 10 patients and good in 5 patients. The mechanism of the beneficial effect of P-AG in treatment of severe gingivostomatitis accompanied by hemorrhagic erosion and ulcers is considered to involve the mucosal protective effect, free radical scavenging activity and tissue repair promoting action of poraprezinc together with the hemostatic action of sodium alginate.
Adult↗
[Effective nasal CPAP therapy for heavy snoring and paradoxical respiration during sleep in a case of multiple system atrophy].
A 64-year-old man with multiple system atrophy complained of daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and snoring. Neurological examination revealed severe autonomic failure, mild cerebellar ataxia and akinesia. Daytime blood gas analysis showed respiratory acidosis with hypoxia and hypercapnia. MR imaging of the brain showed atrophy of the pons, cerebellum and bilateral frontal lobes. Although paralysis of the vocal cord abduction was not found by laryngoscopy during daytime examination, polysomnography (PSG) showed heavy snoring with paradoxical respiration associated with severe desaturation during sleep as well as reduced slow wave sleep and REM sleep. He was diagnosed as having sleep-related upper airway obstructive breathing disorder probably due to Gerhardt syndrome. Tracheostomy was considered, but we performed nasal CPAP therapy during sleep because this therapy is non-invasive and would not impair his daily life. After nasal CPAP therapy, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and snoring with desaturation improved, and PSG showed increased slow wave sleep. These results demonstrate that nasal CPAP therapy improves the quality of sleep and should be considered in patients with early stages of multiple system atrophy who exhibit sleep-related breathing disorders.
Humans↗
[Results of SMANCS/Lipiodol injection therapy for multiple intrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma].
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often recurs in the remnant liver after hepatectomy. Treatment is often ineffective in cases of multiple recurrence. We treated 18 cases of multiple recurrence with SMANCS/Lipiodol injection (SML). Four patients were treated with SML once, 11 patients were treated twice, and each patient was treated with three or four times with SML. The Effective rate of the 1st SML was 30%, but the effective rate of the 2nd SML was 60% in the plasma tumor marker levels. The effective rate between unilobular recurrence and bilateral recurrence was the same. A complete response was obtained in 2 cases, and partial response in 2 cases. The effective rate of SML was 4/18 (22.2%). These effective cases suffered a recurrence within a year. The cumulative survival rate at the end of the 24th month was 42.4%. Overall survival was significantly higher in the group with SML than in the group with TAE or TAI with the multiple recurrence. SML may be effective in early recurrence because these recurrent nodules are vascular-rich and there is much lipiodol accumulation. SMANCS/lipiodol injection therapy is expected to be an effective treatment in cases of early multiple recurrence after hepatectomy.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Clinical significance of serum P53 antibody in patients with gastric cancer.
The presence of serum p53 antibody has been reported to have prognostic significance in patients with breast and ovarian cancers. In order to clarify clinical and prognostic significance of p53 antibody in serum, we measured p53 antibody in patients with gastric cancer. Twenty-five patients with gastric cancer were examined as well as 9 patients with gastric polyp as controls. Eight of 25 patients (32%) with gastric cancer were positive for p53 antibody, while no patients with gastric polyp were positive in gastric polyp group (p < 0.05). The presence of p53 antibody was significantly associated with histology, liver metastasis and stage classification in gastric cancer (p < 0.05, respectively). Presence of liver metastasis, type of histology and presence of p53 antibody are independent prognostic factors (p < 0.05, respectively). The overall survival in patients with p53 antibody was significantly shorter survival than for those without antibody (p < 0.05%). These data suggest that p53 antibody serves as one of the prognostic factors in gastric cancer.
Adenoma↗
[Diagnostic significance of telomerase activity and telomere length in endoscopic sample of colorectal cancer].
Telomeres are located on both ends of individual chromosomes in eukaryotes. It has been reported that telomerase activity and telomere reduction can be detected in most human cancers. We examined telomerase activity and telomere length in colorectal cancer tissues obtained by colonoscopy. Telomerase activity was examined by the TRAP (telomeric repeat amplification protocol) assay and was detected in 21 of 26 (81%) primary colorectal carcinoma tissues. Two of 9 (22%) colorectal polyp were telomerase positive. Telomere length was analyzed by Southern blotting and there was reduction in telomere lengths in 12 of 15 (80%) primary colorectal carcinoma and 3 of 6 colorectal polyp, compared to the corresponding normal colonic mucosa. Therefore, telomerase activity and telomere length may serve as an useful tool for preoperative cancer diagnosis.
Biomarkers, Tumor↗
[Monoparesis of the left leg with bilateral pyramidal signs due to posterior spinal artery syndrome].
A 63-year-old hypertensive and diabetic woman suddenly experienced severe pain in the back and abdomen of the left side. Sensory disturbance and muscle weakness in her left leg and urinary retention followed. Somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) indicated a thoracic cord lesion. Furthermore, MRI showed a focal lesion with a high signal intensity on T2-weighted images in the left posterolateral region of the cord Th4-9. She was diagnosed with posterior spinal artery syndrome (PSAS) due to spinal infarction by clinical presentation and MRI findings. Monoparesis can be caused by PSAS.
Female↗
[Comparison of clinical pictures of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with tRNA(Leu(UUR)) mutation in 3243 with that in 3254].
We compared clinical pictures of a case of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with tRNA(Leu(UUR)) point mutation at nucleotide position 3254 of mitochondrial DNA with those at position 3243. The mutation 3254 was a 19-year-old male patient with cardiomyopathy accompanied with muscle atrophy. The first mutant 3243 was a 31-year-old female patient showing clinical features of MELAS and endocrinological abnormalities. The second 3243 mutant was a 27-year-old male patient who had an external ophthalmoplegia and slight mental decline. In all cases, muscle biopsy specimen showed ragged red fibers and strongly SDH-reactive blood vessels, but their limb weakness were unremarkable. These results suggest that tRNA(Leu(UUR)) point mutation 3254 exhibits similar clinical phenotypes as those observed in 3243 mutant.
Adult↗
Decrease of neurons in the medullary arcuate nucleus of multiple system atrophy: quantitative comparison with Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
The physiological functions of the medullary arcuate nucleus are supposed to be involved in autonomic cardioventilatory regulation, but neuropathological studies on neurodegenerative diseases have rarely reported about the arcuate nucleus. We quantitatively examined the neuronal density of the arcuate nucleus in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA, n = 3), Parkinson's disease (PD, n = 3), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, n = 2), and control subjects (n = 6), and statistically compared the findings in each group. Although the neuronal densities in PD and ALS patients were not different from that in the controls, MSA patients showed a marked depletion of neurons in the arcuate nucleus. The neuronal density (/mm2, mean +/- SEM) in the arcuate nucleus was 9.27 +/- 10.4 in MSA, and was significantly decreased (P < 0.05; Wilcoxon test), compared with that in control subjects (87.1 +/- 12.2). These results suggest that the lesioned arcuate nucleus is related to the pathogenesis of dysatonomia in MSA.
Aged↗
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) regulates the plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) level.
We investigated whether liver expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) gene is related to the plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) level, as well as to plasma cholesterol (TC) level and plasma triglyceride (TG) level in rats fed a high fat chow containing a variety of fatty acids. Only the plasma TBARS level showed a significant negative correlation with the liver PPAR alpha mRNA level (TC, R = 0.001, p = 0.9967; TG, R = 0.248, p = 0.1276; TBARS, R = 0.439, p = 0.0046). Although further studies are needed to clarify whether the increase of the liver PPAR alpha mRNA level confers a reduction in plasma TBARS levels, it is likely that PPAR alpha activity plays a regulatory role in the pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.
Animals↗
Active site-directed antibodies identify calpain II as an early-appearing and pervasive component of neurofibrillary pathology in Alzheimer's disease.
Calpain proteases influence intracellular signaling pathways and regulate cytoskeleton organization, but the neuronal and pathological roles of individual isoenzymes are unknown. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the activated form of calpain I is significantly increased while the fate of calpain II has been more difficult to address. Here, calpain II antibodies raised to different sequences within a cryptic region around the active site, which becomes exposed during protease activation, were shown immunohistochemically to bind extensively to neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), neuritic plaques, and neuropil threads in brains from individuals with AD. Additional 'pre-tangle' granular structures in neurons were also intensely immunostained, indicating calpain II mobilization at very early stages of NFT formation. Total levels of calpain II remained constant in the prefrontal cortex of AD patients but were increased 8-fold in purified NFT relative to levels of calpain I. These results implicate activated calpain II in neurofibrillary degeneration, provide further evidence for the involvement of the calpain system in AD pathogenesis, and imply that neuronal calcium homeostasis is altered in AD.
Alzheimer Disease↗