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Biomedical subjects

S Kanhere

Publications and source records attributed to S Kanhere.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Tobacco habits and risk of lung, oropharyngeal and oral cavity cancer: a population-based case-control study in Bhopal, India.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco habits in India are unique and vary in different regions. Few studies, and none from central India, have reported on type of tobacco used and risk of the most common cancer types in India. We conducted a population-based case-control study to evaluate the risk of tobacco particularly bidi smoking and tobacco quid chewing on the most common cancer sites among males in Bhopal. METHODS: In all, 163 lung, 247 oropharyngeal and 148 oral cavity cancer cases from the Population-Based Cancer Registry records and 260 controls randomly selected from a tobacco survey conducted in the Bhopal population formed the study population. RESULTS: A significant risk of bidi and cigarette smoking with a dose-response relationship was observed for lung and oropharyngeal cancer. Tobacco quid chewing showed no risk for lung, marginally increased risk for oropharyngeal and about a sixfold increased risk for oral cavity cancer. Population-attributable risk per cent (PARP) was observed to be 82.7% and 71.6% for smokers for the development of lung and oropharyngeal cancer, while the same was found to be 66.1% for tobacco chewers for the development of oral cavity cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide strong evidence that smoking bidi is even more hazardous than cigarette smoking in the development of lung and oropharyngeal cancer. An intervention study to prevent the use of tobacco will be useful in this population as it also underwent gas exposure due to a chemical accident in 1984.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1999

Cancer patterns of lung, oropharynx and oral cavity cancer in relation to gas exposure at Bhopal.

BACKGROUND: In Bhopal, India, on 2 December 1984, a chemical disaster caused by a gas leak mostly of methyl isocyanate (MIC) from the Union Carbide Factory led to massive mortality and morbidity of the population. This is the first study to shed light on the cancer experience of the Bhopal population as a result of exposure to a mixture of gases which have highly toxic and potentially carcinogenic properties. To observe the effect of gas exposure, incidence rates of the three most common cancer sites (lung, oropharynx and oral cavity) from 1987 to 1992 among the municipal wards were studied in males. METHODS: Relative risks (RR) using cases from the cancer registry and controls from a tobacco survey were estimated for the gas-affected regions. RESULTS: Based on a descriptive study the relative risks of 1.4, 1.3 and 0.7 for lung, oropharynx and oral cavity cancer, respectively, for gas-affected regions in the year 1992 in comparison to gas-unaffected regions and the year 1987-1990 combined were estimated. In the case-control study the RRs of 0.9, 1.4 and 1.2 for lung, oropharynx (adjusted for smoking) and oral cavity cancer, respectively, (adjusted for tobacco chewing) were estimated as the effect of the gas accident. CONCLUSION: The full potential of excess risk, if any, may not manifest for 15-20 years after the accident.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Does treatment change the outcome of seizures and computerized tomographic lesions in intracranial granulomas?

In children, intracranial granuloma diagnosed on computerized tomography (CT) scan and presenting with seizures as the sole manifestation has traditionally been treated with antitubercular (ATB) therapy or albendazole (Alb) in addition to antiepileptic drugs (AED). This study was conducted to determine whether AED therapy alone or specific treatment (ATB + Alb) influences the outcome of seizures and the CT lesion. Sixty-eight children presenting with seizures along with intracranial granuloma on CT scan were selected for the study. They were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (n = 34) was treated with AED alone and group B (n = 34) received antitubercular therapy and albendazole in addition to AED. Seizure type was noted and electroencephalogram (EEG) and CT scan were done in all. They were followed up for a period of 2 to 9 years, during which a record of seizure count and type was maintained. CT scans were repeated at 3 monthly intervals and EEGs were repeated whenever indicated. Four patients in each group were lost to follow-up. Seizures persisted in four out of 30 in group A and six out of 30 in group B. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in the outcome of seizures in the two groups. Taking the whole group together (n = 60), of the 13 who had presented with multiple seizures at onset, epilepsy was a sequela in five (p < 0.05); and of the 17 in whom the lesion had calcified, seizures persisted in seven (p < 0.05), irrespective of treatment modality. In conclusion, though specific treatment did not alter the outcome of seizures, children with multiple seizures at presentation and calcification of CT lesion had epilepsy as a sequela.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Intramedullary epithelial cyst of the spinal cord.

A female patient with an intramedullary cyst presented with a paraplegia. At operation an intramedullary cyst at the fourth dorsal level was found. The microscopic features of the cyst wall were suggestive of ependymal origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Determination of zearalenone in cornflakes and other corn-based foods by thin layer chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography, and gas-liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry.

A simple cleanup procedure based on pH adjustments was used to obtain extracts of corn foods. The method gave good recoveries of zearalenone determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). As little as 5 ng zearalenone was detected by TLC, using Fast Violet B Salt as the spray reagent; the lower limit of detection in cornflakes was about 20 microgram/kg. With HPLC on Spherisorb silica (5 micrometer) and detection by fluorescence at an excitation maximum of 310 nm as little as 5 microgram zearalenone/kg cornflakes could be determined. While the TLC method was also applicable to corn chips, cornmeal, popcorn, and frozen corn, an interference was observed in HPLC of the latter 3 products. This interference was separated from zearalenone by adding a second HPLC analytical column (Spherisorb ODS). Gas-liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric single ion monitoring at high resolution, although of limited availability, was shown to be the most sensitive and selective method for determining zearalenone in corn foods. The natural occurrence of zearalenone in a sample of cornflakes (13-20 microgram/kg) was demonstrated by all 3 detection procedures.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cryptophthalmos.

Cryptophthalmos, a very rare congenital anomaly of the eye, is characterised by skin passing continuously from the forehead to the cheek over a malformed eye. It may be isolated or more commonly as a part of Fraser syndrome. Cryptophthalmos is classified into three types: complete, incomplete and abortive. Surgical reconstruction is the modality of treatment available. We present a case of bilateral, complete, isolated cryptophthalmos, who has undergone stage 1 of reconstructive surgery.

Eye Abnormalities↗