Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Kanda

Publications and source records attributed to S Kanda.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia. Radiographic study with special emphasis on computed tomography.

This article describes the computed tomographic and conventional radiographic findings for florid cemento-osseous dysplasia. A low-density thin layer or cystlike area was observed around the high-density masses in the tooth-bearing area in the seven cases studied. Expansion of the buccal and lingual cortical plates was observed in association with cystlike areas, but was infrequently observed in florid cemento-osseous dysplasia not having such areas. The computed tomographic number of the high-density masses ranged from 772 to 1587 Hounsfield Units and was equivalent to that of cementum or cortical bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Ultrasonographic evaluation of inflammatory changes in the masseter muscle.

The ultrasonographic images of 32 patients with inflammatory change in the masseteric region were investigated to clarify the characteristic findings and to evaluate the utility of ultrasonography. Inflamed masseter muscles frequently demonstrated reduction of echo intensity and complete or partial absence of hyperechoic bands. The mean thickness of the masseter muscle on the unaffected side was 8.6 mm, whereas that on the affected side was 12.9 mm. Nine of 10 patients with heterogeneous hypoechoic area, but only 1 of 10 patients with homogeneous hypoechoic area, had received surgical treatment before ultrasonographic examination.

Abscess↗
PubMed1994

Radiographic patterns of osteomyelitis in the mandible. Plain film/CT correlation.

Mandibular osteomyelitis often is associated with involvement of the masticator space. Assessment of mandibular osteomyelitis should therefore involve assessment of soft tissue involvement of the lesion. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between computed tomography patterns and the presence of inflammation in soft tissues. Thirty-three cases diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the mandible were analyzed radiologically with conventional radiographs and with computed tomography scans. Computed tomography patterns of osteomyelitis were classified into four types, lytic, mixed, sclerotic, and sequestrum patterns. Location, extent of the lesion, and change of the cortical plate were evaluated and compared with conventional radiographic findings. Mixed pattern cases displayed diffuse bone abnormalities, which sometimes were accompanied by cortical plate disruption and periosteal reaction. In addition, most mixed pattern cases showed soft tissue involvement, especially of the masseter muscle. Inflammation of the masseter muscle was found to be related to periosteal reaction and disruption of the buccal cortical plate. The data demonstrate a close interaction between cortical plate disruption and muscle inflammation. The extent of inflammation including soft tissue involvement was better appreciated with computed tomography in osteomyelitis, especially in mixed pattern cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Central squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible. Computed tomographic findings.

Five cases of central squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible were investigated with the use of computed tomography. Bucco-lingual extent and spread along the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve were evaluated. Three patients with trismus showed involvement of the masseter or medial pterygoid muscle on computed tomography. Involvement of more than two landmarks along the trigeminal nerve were observed in cases with both paresthesia of the lower lip and severe pain that resembled neuralgia. Perineural invasion was confirmed histologically in four cases, and all of these patients had both severe pain and mandibular canal involvement that could be demonstrated with computed tomography. When localized soft tissue changes are evident along the course of the trigeminal nerve in the region between the mandibular foramen and foramen ovale, ascending perineural spread should be suspected. Computed tomography findings correlated well with clinical symptoms but added information about the spread of the lesion within the surrounding soft tissue.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1994

The proliferative activity in dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix analyzed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining and silver-binding argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region staining.

The proliferative activity of dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (CIS) in the uterine cervix was examined using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunostaining and silver-binding argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) staining. A significant difference in the labeling index of PCNA immunostaining obtained from dysplastic cells in each histopathologic category was demonstrated between severe dysplasia and CIS. There was no significant difference among each category of dysplasia. The frequency of mitotic figures was highest in CIS, followed in decreasing order by severe, moderate, and mild dysplasia, and was closely correlated with the histopathologic classification. There was an intimate correlation between the PCNA and mitotic indexes in severe dysplasia and CIS. However, the mean numbers of AgNORs in each category of dysplasia and CIS were not significantly different, and there was no apparent relationship with the histologic classification. The PCNA index seemed to be a useful means of evaluating proliferative activity in dysplasia and CIS, and especially in distinguishing CIS from severe dysplasia. In addition, the present PCNA index suggests that a considerable alteration of the biologic behavior involving genetic changes occurs during the progression of carcinogenesis from severe dysplasia to CIS. However, AgNOR staining did not appear to reliably represent the proliferative activity in these lesions.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1994

Studies on the quantitative computed tomography of normal parotid and submandibular salivary glands.

A better understanding of computed tomographic (CT) numbers of normal salivary glands might help make CT diagnosis more accurate. The CT numbers of the parotid and submandibular salivary glands were measured using both non-enhanced and enhanced CT images by setting a circular region of interest (ROI). The normal range of CT numbers, the difference between the CT numbers of right and left glands, and the correlation with age were all investigated. There was a close correlation between the CT numbers of right and left glands. No significant difference was seen between the average of right and left CT numbers in both glands, on either non-enhanced or enhanced CT images. The difference between right and left numbers on enhanced CT were larger than those on non-enhanced CT. A significant difference was seen between the CT numbers of the parotid and submandibular glands. A sex difference was seen on both non-enhanced and enhanced CT images in the parotid gland, while it was only seen on enhanced CT in the submandibular gland. The range as well as the mean of CT numbers in all cases of enhanced CT were larger than those of non-enhanced CT. CT numbers of the parotid glands tended to decrease proportionally with age, up to the age of 40 years; over the age of 40, no relationship could be detected. In the submandibular gland, the difference in the correlation coefficient was not significant between the two age groups. Further investigation into the factors affecting the CT numbers of normal glands is required before they can be used for diagnostic purposes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Increased attenuation in odontogenic keratocysts with computed tomography: a new finding.

An increased attenuation area (IAA) is sometimes seen in the cystic cavity of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) on CT scans. The significance of IAA was compared radiologically and histologically in 26 cysts in which a provisional diagnosis of OKC had been made. First, the presence of IAA in the cystic cavity was assessed. Then, relationship between the presence of IAA and data obtained from the cysts, including the CT and histological findings and the visual appearance of the cyst contents, was evaluated. An IAA was frequently seen in large multilocular cysts. There was no relationship between the presence of IAA and aggressive features of the cyst on CT or the cyst contents. Histologically, subepithelial inflammation was often observed in the cysts with IAA. In order to ascertain whether the IAA was due to the keratin mass, a CT scan of a bundle of hair in a water bath was performed and shown to have a similar density. Our study demonstrated that IAA in cystic cavities results from desquamated keratin. Since this seems to occur in long-standing or inflamed multilocular OKCs, it could be used as a significant finding in the diagnosis of OKC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Quantitative analysis of masticatory muscles using computed tomography.

Quantitative information on the normal size range of the masticatory muscles needed for successful treatment of facial asymmetry is sparse. Our purpose in this study was to define morphological indicators for the volume of the masticatory muscles on CT. Cross-sectional areas and volumes of the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles were measured from CT scans of 65 patients. The muscles were scanned from origin to insertion and the maximum cross-sectional area (MCSA) and its location together with the total volume were determined. The mandibular foramen was used as a landmark to determine the location of MCSA. The location of MCSA of masseter muscle was centred 8 mm above the mandibular foramen, and that of medial pterygoid muscle at the foramen. The MCSA of both muscles was highly correlated with volume suggesting that this parameter might serve as an indicator of their volume. Knowledge of the location of the MCSA would facilitate its measurement and so reduce radiation exposure. There was a positive correlation between the two muscles for both volume and MCSA. This finding could be relevant for future studies of the relationship between the morphology, biomechanics and pathology of the masticatory muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Age changes in the volume of the human maxillary sinus: a study using computed tomography.

An understanding of the age-related changes in the volume of the normal maxillary sinus will help to identify sinus abnormalities. Normal maxillary sinus volume was measured on axial CT scans in 115 cases, and analysed in relation to age, the presence of premolar and molar teeth, size of the midfacial skeleton and body height and weight. The volume ranged from 4.56-35.21 cm3 (mean: 14.71 +/- s.d. 6.33 cm3) in patients aged over 20 years. There was no significant sex difference and a close correlation between the two sides was found. The volume increased up to the age of 20 years, but then decreased. There was no significant difference in patients with and without maxillary premolars and molars between the ages of 50 and 79 years. The difference in right and left dentitions had no influence on the maxillary sinus volume over the age of 20 years. Adult maxillary sinus volume correlated with the interzygomatic buttress distance. In adult females, there was a significant correlation between the volume and the zygomatic-occipital distance. In adult males, the volume correlated with body height and weight. It appears that volume changes with age might be related to skeletal size and physique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Radiological and histological analysis of the structural changes in the rat parotid gland following release of Stensen's duct obstruction.

Sialography is the preferred method for diagnosis and treatment planning in obstructive sialadenitis. Although many experimental studies have reported changes following duct obstruction, those following release of obstruction have not been examined. The present study was undertaken to clarify: (1) the relationship between sialographic and histological changes; (2) the effects of duration and pressure of obstruction on gland recovery; (3) the possibility of establishing those sialographic features which indicate the prognosis for gland recovery. Stensen's ducts of rat parotid glands were obstructed for two different periods and at three different pressures in order to induce varying degrees of degenerative changes in the gland. The structural alterations resulting from release of obstruction were investigated by means of qualitative and quantitative microsialography and histology. Gland structure was assessed visually from the latter and classified into six groups: normal, recovery, and slight, moderate and severe degeneration and fibrous. Microsialograms were evaluated based on these groups. Qualitatively, microsialograms of the operated glands had a stricture in the obstructed region and dilation of the major ducts. Histological differences between recovery and degeneration glands were reflected in the morphology of peripheral ducts. The former showed a branch-like morphology similar to that of the normal group, and the latter contained small granule-like structures. Quantitatively, dilation of major ducts in the recovery group decreased compared with the other operated groups. There were no distinct sialographic features in the degeneration and fibrous groups which correlated with the degree of degeneration observed histologically. Duration and pressure of obstruction were highly predictive for prognosis for recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Serum preparation and methods for the large-scale production of IgG monoclonal antibody.

In this study we demonstrated that fetal calf serum (FCS) depleted of IgG by protein G affinity chromatography (G-FCS) is superior to whole FCS or serum-free culture media as a culture supplement for the production of purified IgG monoclonal antibodies (MAb). One hundred ml FCS was applied to a 25 ml protein G Sepharose 4 Fast Flow Column, which was shaken gently for 2 days at 4 degrees C. The procedure was repeated using a protein G column for an additional day. G-FCS was used at a concentration of 5% in RPMI 1640 medium to grow the mouse myeloma cell line P3X63.Ag8.653, which secretes an IgG-1 mouse-human chimeric monoclonal antibody (TVE-1). Cell density, viability, doubling time, and antibody production were used as indices to compare the efficacy of this medium with that of whole FCS medium, AIM-V (Gibco, USA) and other serum-free media. The results demonstrate that cell growth and antibody production in -GFCS medium did not differ significantly from that in FCS medium, but were significantly better than in the serum-free media (p < 0.001). TVE-1 antibody in the spent tissue culture media was purified by 50% ammonium sulfate precipitation and Protein A affinity chromatography. An antibody that was more than 99% pure was obtained. Endotoxin analysis revealed that the IgG depletion process does not generate a significant level of endotoxin in FCS (< 0.06 EU/ml).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Retroperitoneal xanthogranuloma: a case report].

A 48-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for lumbago. Computerized tomographic (CT) scan, aortography and venacavography indicated a solid retroperitoneal tumor at the right renal hilus. The tumor was removed and right nephrectomy was conducted. Some of the tumor remained owing to strong adhesion to the inferior vena cava and lumbar spine. Histological diagnosis of the resected tumor was retroperitoneal xanthogranuloma. One year after surgery, the CT scan revealed a gradual decrease in size of the remaining retroperitoneal mass.

Granuloma↗
PubMed1993

Effects of low concentration of vinblastine on the anchorage-independent growth and in vitro invasion of human renal carcinoma cell lines.

A study was conducted on the effect of vinblastine (VBL), an anti-mitotic drug that is commonly employed in the treatment of human renal cell carcinoma. When VBL was added to serum-free cultures of the ACHN and NT cell lines (both lines are of human renal carcinoma origin), a concentration of 1 microgram/ml resulted in death of most of the cells of both cell types. However, at a concentration of 10 ng/ml or less, although the cells detached from the culture dish, many viable cells were observed. In addition, in an in vitro invasion assay, the invasiveness of these detached cells was demonstrated to be accelerated in comparison with the parent monolayed cells. This increase of invasion was observed in the treatment of TN-16 which is known to have a metaphase-arresting effect, not to have an anti-cancer effect. When detached cells by VBL were inoculated into soft agar, their colony-forming ability was clearly increased in comparison with the parent cells or TN-16 treated cells. These results indicate that low concentration of VBL appears to increase the malignant potential of human renal carcinoma cells in culture.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1993

Multimodality imaging of cervicofacial actinomycosis.

Actinomycosis is an uncommon chronic disease usually caused by Actinomyces israelii. It affects the soft tissue mainly but sometimes spreads to involve salivary glands, bone, or even the skin of the face and neck. Five cases have been seen in our department. Several imaging modalities were used to assist in making the diagnosis. The cases are presented and the literature reviewed. Ultrasonography was found to be a useful diagnostic tool especially in developing the differential diagnosis.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1993

Magnetic resonance imaging of oral and maxillofacial angiomas.

Eleven patients with oral and maxillofacial angiomas (seven hemangiomas and four lymphangiomas) were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging using a 0.2-T permanent system and spin-echo pulse sequences. These lesions typically had signal intensities that were iso T1-weighted, similar to muscle, and high T2-weighted, greater than subcutaneous fat. Nine tumors had well- or relatively well-defined margins, and seven cases had curvilinear structures of low signal intensities in the masses on T2-weighted images. It was impossible to distinguish hemangiomas from lymphangiomas on MR images. Our experience suggested that most angiomas of oral and maxillofacial regions present special characteristics on magnetic resonance images. It is thought that information obtained with magnetic resonance images can contribute significantly to the evaluation of the extent of these lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Computed tomography of the jaws in familial adenomatosis coli.

Familial adenomatosis coli is known to be associated with tooth impactions, odontomas, and osteomas. Three cases were examined by panoramic radiography and computed tomography. Computed tomography was especially useful for detecting osteomas in the maxilla and also revealed a wavy cortical thickening in the mandible in one instance. The latter finding has been reported for other bones in the body but not previously for the mandible.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Stafne's bone cavity. Classification based on outline and content determined by computed tomography.

Fifteen cases (16 concavities) of the so-called "Stafne's bone cavity" were investigated with the use of computed tomography. The sizes, bony outlines, and contents were analyzed on axial images. In all cases, computed tomography clearly demonstrated the concavities on the lingual surface of the mandible. There were no empty concavities. The bony outlines and contents were divided into three types. The concavities with a portion of submandibular gland as a content were larger than those with other contents. Four of six concavities not extending to the buccal cortical plate were filled solely with fat tissue, whereas all concavities with expansion of the buccal cortical plate contained submandibular gland.

Adipose Tissue↗