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Biomedical subjects

S Kamata

Publications and source records attributed to S Kamata.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Pancreatitis associated with choledochal cyst and other anomalies in childhood.

Fifty-one children with anatomical anomalies of the pancreatic duct developed pancreatitis associated with either congenital dilatation of the bile duct (choledochal cyst; n = 48) or other rare causes (n = 3). Among those with choledochal cyst, 41 underwent primary surgical resection of the dilated bile duct, while five of the remaining seven patients receiving cystenterostomy underwent secondary resection of the cyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Immunohistochemical analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in human neuroblastoma.

Proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a cell-cycle-related nuclear protein that is maximally elevated in late G1 and S phase of proliferating cells. In this study, PCNA was identified immunohistochemically using paraffin section in 67 human neuroblastomas. Percentage of the PCNA-positive nuclei (PCNA index: PCI) ranged from 0% to 75%. There were significant relations between the PCNA expression and mitotic karyorrhexis index (MKI), histological classification, cell concentration, tumor weight, clinical stage, local invasion, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, or DNA ploidy. PCI was significantly low in patients who received aggressive chemotherapy before surgery. Patients with PCI higher than 30% showed a worse survival rate compared with those with PCI lower than 10% (P < .01). High PCI significantly related with poor survival, so that PCI may be an independent prognostic factor in neuroblastoma. Although further studies are required, PCNA immunostaining may be useful for assessing proliferating activity and for providing prognostic information in human neuroblastoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

Early postoperative change of plasma levels of amino acids in neonates with perforative peritonitis and its prognostic significance.

As a possible prognostic index, plasma levels of amino acids were serially measured for 1 week in 22 neonates with perforative peritonitis including gastric rupture and necrotizing enterocolitis and 28 neonatal surgical patients without infection as a control, who were subjected to total parenteral nutrition with hypertonic glucose and amino acids formulated for neonates. Plasma levels of branched chain amino acids significantly increased on the first day after operation in peritonitis group, whereas plasma levels of phenylalanine and histidine increased on the third postoperative day and tyrosine increased seventh postoperative day. In the peritonitis group, 5 neonates died within 2 weeks after operation (early death group) because of cardiopulmonary failure and 5 neonates died with hyperbilirubinemia from 1 month to 6 months after operation (late death group). The early death group showed increased levels of total amino acids compared with those in the late death group and survivors. The late death group also showed higher levels of total amino acids than survivors. Plasma levels of tyrosine increased in the early and late death groups compared with survivors. These results indicated that serial measurements of plasma amino acids early after operation showed the existence of liver dysfunction in addition to the derangement of amino acid metabolism in the liver and muscle caused by septic insult, which predicted the prognosis of perforative peritonitis in neonates.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1995

Bronchial reconstruction for bronchopulmonary foregut malformation: a case report.

In this case of bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (BPFM), the bronchus of the anomalous pulmonary tissue was reconstructed and tracheoplasty for associated congenital tracheal stenosis was performed at 5 days of age. After reconstruction the right lung was ventilated, which was followed by improved blood gas data. However, the persistent fatal circulation developed, and the patient died of respiratory insufficiency on postoperative day 5. The autopsy showed that both lungs were hypoplastic. This is the first case of bronchial reconstruction of BPFM.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1995

The effect of anemia on skin blood flow in human.

The skin blood flow in the deltoid region was measured in 78 males by the Xenon 133 clearance method. A correlation was then made between age, hematocrit value, hemoglobin value and total protein determined at the time of skin blood flow measurement. From the data obtained, the following conclusions could be drawn: (1) skin blood flow significantly decreased with increasing age and with decreasing hematocrit and hemoglobin values; (2) skin blood flow showed the closest correlation with age (P < 0.001) and a weaker correlation (P < 0.01) with hematocrit and hemoglobin; (3) total protein demonstrated a significant decrease (P < 0.01) with a decrease in hematocrit and hemoglobin values giving rise to hypoproteinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Efficacy of subcutaneous application of live infectious bursal disease vaccine in young chickens with maternally derived antibody.

The infectivity of neutralized IBDV by normal chicken serum (NCS) was detected in day-old and 3-week-old chicken spleen adherent (CSA) cells, and that of neutralized IBDV by maternal antibody (MN-Ab) was detected in 3-week-old CSA cells. Moreover, CSA cells from day-old chickens had complement receptor (CR), and CSA cells from 1-week-old had both CR and Fc receptor (FcR). However, the infectivity of neutralized IBDV by MN-Ab was confirmed on CSA cells which were blocked for FcR on CSA cells by heat-aggregated NCS (56 degrees C, 60 min). These results indicated that infection of neutralized IBDV by NCS on CSA cells occurred via CR, and neutralized IBDV by MN-Ab was infected via FcR. In day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens, the antibody level in NCS treated and non-treated IBD live vaccine subcutaneously inoculated groups was higher than the levels in the MN-Ab-treated IBDV inoculated group, and detected until 28 days old. Moreover, subcutaneously inoculated chickens were protected against the challenge of wild IBDV at 21 days old, whereas subcutaneously inoculated chickens were infected with MN-Ab-treated IBD live vaccine. In commercial layers which had MN-Ab, antibody levels of subcutaneously vaccinated group were higher than both the non-vaccinated and orally vaccinated groups, and virus isolation and viral antigen were positive with high detection rates on peripheral lymphocytes of each subcutaneously vaccinated group of SPF and commercial chickens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1995

[Post-TUR-P stress urinary incontinence successfully treated by periurethral injection of autologous fat to the prostate: a case report].

A 77-year-old man had been suffering from stress urinary incontinence for 2 years since he had received transurethral resection of prostate (TUR-P) for benign prostatic hypertrophy. A 60-min pad test yielded 3 g of urine. Prostatic urethra was widely open and the external sphincteric injury was suggested because of the short membraneous urethra on the urethrogram. Urethral pressure profile indicated his maximal urethral closing pressure (MUCP) of 24 cmH2O and functional urethral length of 1.6 cm and cystometry demonstrated an underactive bladder, indicating that his incontinence was caused by sphincteric injury. Autologous fat injection therapy was performed in the lithotomy position under spinal anesthesia. Fifteen ml of subcutaneous fat was obtained from his lower abdomen by liposuction through a 15G needle, and 10 ml was injected submucosally from the perineum at 6 o'clock area of the prostatic apex under the guidance of transrectal echography using a 15G needle. The patient became completely dry after the procedure. MUCP and FUL increased to 35 cmH2O and 1.9 cm, respectively, although longer follow up is necessary. The advantage of autologous fat injection to the prostate for post-TUR-P SUI patients is briefly discussed.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1995

[Retrospective study of sputum culture after esophagectomy].

We retrospectively investigated the sputum cultures of patients who underwent esophagectomy (n = 104) from just after operation to 11 postoperative days and evaluated the factors which influenced the cultures. We divided the 0-11 postoperative days into three periods (0-3 postoperative days (p.o.d.), 4-7 p.o.d., 8-11 p.o.d.). The sputum cultures were positive at a rate of 56.7% to 65.4% of patients during the period of observation (0-11 p.o.d.). Gram-negative bacillus was mostly detected. MRSA increased time-dependently. Diabetes mellitus, preoperative irradiation recurrent nerve palsy did not influence the positive rate of the sputum cultures. The positive rate of gram-negative bacillus and gram gram-positive coccus in the sputum of the patients who were given sefem-first generation antibiotics was lower than of patients who were given sefem-second generation antibiotics at 8-11 p.o.d. (p < 0.05). The positive rate of gram-negative bacillus in the sputum of patients who underwent esophagectomy with laryngectomy for cervical esophageal cancer was lower than that of patients who underwent esophagectomy without laryngectomy for thoracic or abdominal esophageal cancer at 4-7 p.o.d. (p < 0.05). The positive rate of gram-negative bacillus in the sputum of patients who underwent intraoperative tracheostomy was lower than that of patients who did not undergo intraoperative tracheostomy at 4-11 p.o.d. No patients had pneumonia during the period of observation except for the secondary lung complications. In conclusion, although we have done a good job of management, we should select the appropriate antibiotics with the patient's background in mind.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Occlusion of left coronary ostium involving aortic stenosis and insufficiency].

Aortic valve replacement combined with enlargement of the valvar ring by the Nicks method and coronary artery bypass grafting via the left internal thoracic artery were performed for an 11-year-old girl with occlusion of the left coronary ostium. The left coronary sinus was covered with membranous tissue, so the left coronary ostium was not found. Aortic valve replacement with 21 mm prosthetic valve was possible by enlarging the valvar ring. The internal thoracic artery which is expected to grow with development of the body was used as the graft.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1994

Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopic study of biological compounds in human sweat adsorbed on alumina.

Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy has been used for the detection and characterization of biological compounds in human sweat adsorbed on alumina surfaces. The sweat was collected from students and distributed to aqueous and benzene phases by solvent extraction. Both solutions were doped onto alumina surfaces of tunneling junctions, and the vibrational spectra of the adsorbed species were measured by inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. Analysis of these tunneling spectra showed that lactic acid in the sweat is extracted with water and selectively adsorbed on alumina. Adsorbed fatty acids were detected from the benzene phase. These biological compounds in the sweat solutions were found to react with the alumina to give about a monolayer of adsorbed carboxylate anions on the surfaces.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1994

Simple method for determining proper length of artificial chordae in mitral valve repair.

A simple method for determining the length of artificial chordae in mitral reconstructive operations is described. A small tourniquet is used for fine adjustment of the length of polytetrafluoroethylene stitches before tying them during leaking test. We have used this technique in 10 consecutive patients with anterior mitral leaflet prolapse since August 1992. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed no or only trace mitral regurgitation after valve repair in all cases. This method minimized the time of determining the proper length of artificial chordae and achieved good results.

Chordae Tendineae↗
PubMed1994

Effect of amino acids in total parenteral nutrition on cholestasis in newborn rabbits.

The effect of amino acids on total parenteral nutrition (TPN)-associated cholestasis was examined using a newborn rabbit TPN model. Twenty-nine newborn Japanese white rabbits were divided into four groups. Group I received a TPN solution with composition and total energy similar to that of rabbit breast milk. Group II received more dextrose than group I. Group III received a larger amount of amino acids than group II. Group IV was nourished by lactating mothers. After 7 days of TPN, blood samples and liver specimens were obtained. In group II, the serum total bilirubin level (1.44 +/- 0.68 mg/dL) was significantly higher than normal (0.28 +/- 0.07 mg/dL) and that of group I (0.49 +/- 0.12 mg/dL). In group II, histological cholestasis was present, characterized by bile plugs in bile ducts, bile pigments in Kupffer cells and hepatocytes, and nonprotein calorie overload changes in clear cell transformation of the hepatocytes. In group III, the serum total bilirubin level (0.23 +/- 0.05 mg/dL) was normal, and there were minimal cholestatic and nonprotein calorie overload changes (histologically) in the liver. These results indicate that cholestasis in this study was induced by nonprotein calorie overload and was prevented by an appropriate volume of amino acids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1994

[Reflex response of temporal muscle induced by mechanical stimulation to periodontal ligament--in the lateral jaw movement during mastication].

In order to investigate the role of periodontal sensation in the regulation of human masticatory movement, particularly during lateral jaw movement from the working side to the intercuspal position, the responses of 8 motor units of contralateral temporal muscle (CTM) from 6 subjects to mechanical stimulation of the maxillary canine on the working side were analysed. The results were as follows: 1. The tonic response of the CTM to tonic mechanical stimulation of the maxillary canine on the working side was observed. The CTM responded much more clearly than the ipsilateral temporal muscle did. 2. After the periodontal sensation was blocked by 2% xylocaine, the CTM gradually showed less response. Therefore, it was proven that the periodontal sensation induced this CTM response. 3. When the load exceeded approximately 200 gf, the response of the motor unit (RMU) in the CTM to the loads reached its maximum response level. The tendency observed was that the more the background activity increased, the more the RMU to the loads decreased. 4. In normal occlusion, D1 stimulation had more effect on the RMU to the direction of mechanical stimulation than that of D2 stimulation. 5. When the maxillary canine in the cross-bite position was stimulated, the RMU to the direction of mechanical stimulation showed an opposite response pattern to that of normal occlusion. It suggested that malocclusion was one of the factors which influenced the RMU pattern of the CTM.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[High dose epidural fentanyl suppresses the increase in cortisol levels during open chest surgery].

We investigated the effect of high dose epidural fentanyl (HEF) on plasma levels of epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE) and cortisol (C) during open chest surgery (OCS). Twenty five patients undergoing open chest surgery was divided randomly into two groups. Thirteen patients had HEF (F-Group) and the rest of 12 patients had epidural mepivacaine (M-Group). Epidural puncture (Th5-6) and catheterization were performed before anesthetic induction. Anesthesia was induced with thiamylal (5 mg.kg-1) and trachea was intubated after injection of vecuronium (0.1 mg.kg-1). Anesthesia was maintained with 50% N2O and isoflurane as needed. After 0.2 ml.kg-1 of fentanyl was injected through the epidural catheter, fentanyl was infused continuously (0.05 mg.h-1) in F-Group. In M-Group, after 0.2 ml.kg-1 of 1% mepivacaine was injected through the epidural catheter, 1% mepivacaine was infused continuously (10 ml.h-1). For the measurement of E, NE and C, blood samples were collected at following points; 1) before anesthetic induction, 2) before incision, 3) during open chest and 4) in the recovery room. In both groups, E and NE levels did not change significantly. In F-Group, plasma C levels decreased significantly when chest was opened. C levels in F-Group, were significantly lower than in M-Group before incision and during open chest.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Left heart bypass with the bio-medicus centrifugal pump by the use of an antithrombin agent, argatroban].

Seventeen adult patients who underwent surgery for the thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic disease by the use of left heart bypass with the Bio-Pump were divided into untreated, low-dose heparin treated and argatroban treated groups so as to evaluate the effects of systemic infusion of a newly synthesized antithrombin agent, argatroban, for the prevention of platelet loss and consumption coagulopathy. ACT reached 150 to 250 seconds at doses 0.5-7.5 micrograms/kg/min of argatroban and maximum ACT prolongation was limited to around 250 seconds. ACT spontaneously recovered below 150 seconds within 60 minutes following the end of bypass during which no excessive blood loss developed. In argartoban group, platelet loss during and immediately after surgery was effectively prevented as compared to other groups with significance. Fibrinogen was also preserved to some extent by argatroban treatment without evidence of systemic embolization. Argatroban, as an antithrombotic agent, is worthy of further trial of clinical use in bypass with a centrifugal pump.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The usefulness of combined measurements of transcranial Doppler sonogram and somatosensory evoked potentials during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass].

Serial and simultaneous measurements of the blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery (MCA-V) by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were performed in 7 adult patients during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). CPB was instituted by alpha-stat blood gas management until the rectal temperature stabilized at 24 to 28 degrees C and gas management was converted from alpha to pH-stat by adding 4-7% of CO2 gas into the oxygenator for 10 minutes. MCA-V during hypothermic CPB by alpha-stat management was identical with normothermic prebypass MCA-V. However it significantly increased after pH-stat conversion, suggesting that CO2 reactivity was preserved even in the hypothermic situation above 24 degrees C of body temperature. Latency of all wave components of SEP and central conduction time (CCT) prolonged and wave voltages decreased as the body temperature dropped and SEP waves almost completely recovered following the temperature resumed to the prebypass temperature. There were no significant changes developed in latency and wave forms of SEP by conversion of the blood gas management from alpha-stat to pH-stat. The combined technique of TCD and SEP for detecting the real time changes of cerebral blood flow and brain function is considered to be useful to minimize the brain damage during open heart surgery.

Blood Flow Velocity↗