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Biomedical subjects

S Kamano

Publications and source records attributed to S Kamano.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Clinical comparisons between two subsets of gastric antral vascular ectasia.

BACKGROUND: The lesions of gastric antral vascular ectasia take two endoscopic forms, diffuse red spots and red stripes. In addition, they are often associated with cirrhosis. The main aim of the present retrospective study was to determine whether differences in endoscopic appearance and presence or absence of cirrhosis have relationships to clinical features and course. METHODS: Gastric antral vascular ectasia in 30 patients was classified into 2 endoscopic subtypes, punctate type (21 patients) and striped type (8 patients); only 1 patient could not be categorized to either type. The 30 patients were divided into groups based on the presence (25) or absence (5) of cirrhosis. RESULTS: All patients with punctate-type vascular ectasias had cirrhosis, whereas only 38% of patients with the striped type had cirrhosis. All patients without cirrhosis had the striped pattern. For patients with the 2 endoscopic types as well as those with and without cirrhosis, the outcomes of endoscopic treatment were similar. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study suggest that cirrhosis is strongly associated with the development of punctate-type vascular ectasias. The endoscopic appearance of vascular ectasias and the presence or absence of cirrhosis did not determine outcome of patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Are steroids really ineffective for severely head injured patients?

The "Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury" states that the use of glucocorticoids is not recommended for improving morbidity outcome. Conversely, the "National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study" (NASCIS) in the United States concluded that treatment with very high doses of methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) is indicated for acute spinal cord trauma. In this paper the author will discuss the reasons for this great discrepancy between head injuries and spinal cord traumas. A 30-mg dose of methylprednisolone was used as a bolus dose in the spinal cord study to inhibit oxygen free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. In most of the papers cited containing Class I data on severe head injury studies the investigators used smaller doses of glucocorticoids as compared with those in the spinal cord study. Moreover, some of the papers included cases in which the time from insult to the initiation of treatment had been poorly controlled. Therefore, based on previous papers, it is appropriate to relinquish megadose steroid therapy for head injury patients. A good prospective multicenter trial of high-dose methylprednisolone for traumatic brain injury should be considered in which dosage and timing parameters similar to those enacted for the NASCIS studies are used.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1986

Intrameatal aneurysm.

A case of aneurysm of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery at the internal auditory meatus is presented in which severe subarachnoid haemorrhage was followed by facial palsy. Eighteen cases in the literature are reviewed and their diagnostic and surgical implications discussed.

Arteries↗
PubMed1982

Cerebellar abscess due to penetrating orbital wound.

A cerebellar abscess developed in a child with a penetrating transorbital wound extending deep into the cerebellum. The computed tomographic (CT) scans at first demonstrated the image of the residual foreign body as a sharp, low density track. This changed to high density with suggestion of granulation along the lesion. The cerebellar abscess developed at the tip of the track with CT ring enhancement. Antibiotic treatment reduced the size and density of the abscess.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

[A case of arteriovenous malformation, grade IV, with two giant aneurysms in dominant side speech and motor-senosry area--evaluation of grades, operability with microsurgical technique and pre- and post-operative performance status in 37 cases of cerebral vascular malformation (author's transl)].

A case of grade IV arteriovenous malformation(AVM) with 2 giant aneurysms, deeply seated in the dominant hemisphere speech and motor-sensory area, improved remarkably by a total excision, after an incapacitating rebleeding which occurred 4 months after a subtotal excision of the AVM. The author has learned importance of audacity on the part of the neurosurgeon. Personal experience of 37 CVM's (including 30 AV angiomas, 4 cryptic AVM's, and 3 other types of CVM's was analyzed. Of 37, 34 were operated on. Three were considered inoperable and were treated with radiotherapy (including proton beam). Of the 34 operated (30 AVM), 31 (24 AVM) were totally removed. None of them died or exhibitied deterioration. Of the 3 partially operated cases, one improved, two remained unchanged, but one of the two died of rebleeding 3 months later. Two of the radiated cases were later severely incapacitated due to rebleeding. One that underwent proton therapy is still under observation without deterioration after 18 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Boron-neutron capture therapy in relation to immunotherapy.

The essential feature of tumour therapy rests upon host-tumour interaction. To achieve therapeutic effects, a prerequisite to immunotherapy is the reduction of tumour cells in the host's body. Such measures should not be immunosuppressive. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is not appropriate in this regard. Supraradical surgery and non-specific radiotherapy are not desirable for preservation of nervous function, if their immunosuppression is not as severe as cytotoxic substances. Boron-neutron capture therapy is a highly specific and least immunosuppressive means of reducing tumour cells of the central nervous system. A brief introductory review of basic research is presented. The interim clinical results are: (i) Treatment of recurrent glioblastoma: Survival extension obtained by neutron capture therapy is 21.9 +/- 7.2 mos in contrast to that obtained by conventional treatments of 6.7 +/- 0.6 mos (p less than 0.001), (Total survival 26.3 +/- 6.7 mos); and (ii) only three patients including two glioblastoma cases were treated with neutron by the same surgeon who, by performing the first tumour operation, had the advantage in topographic knowledge for determining the radiation field. They survived 4, 5, and 6 years in almost fully active conditions. The new Musashi Institute of Technology Reactor Thermal Neutron Therapy Facility and the increased domestic production of boron-10 isotope have enlarged the therapeutic capacity to two dozen patients a year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Dimer-X ventriculography (author's transl)].

After the first report on ventriculography with a water-soluble contrast medium, Conray, by Campbell et al., many authors reported complications such as convulsion which are attributable to the irritating effect of this agent. On the other hand its value has been appriciated. Recently Gonsette recommended a new water-soluble contrast medium, meglumine iocarnate (Dimer-X), for ventriculography and reported that this new agent is less epileptogenic and less harmful. Because of these advantages, they have been performing ventriculography routinely with Dimer-X and recognized its usefulness. The only noticeable complication has been the transient elevation of body temperature in almost a half of the series. As far as our experience goes there is no case of convulsive seizure as complication. As compared to gas ventriculography, the fine details of dimension and configuration of the ventricles are far more beautifully delineated with the water-soluble contrast media.

Adult↗