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Biomedical subjects

S Kadoya

Publications and source records attributed to S Kadoya.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[ECA-PCA anastomosis with the use of an interposition saphenous vein graft for vertebrobasilar progressing stroke].

A successful case undergoing the ECA-PCA bypass operation with the use of an interposition saphenous venous graft for vertebrobasilar progressing stroke was reported and details of the operative techniques were described. A 40-year-old man was admitted because of confused mental state following sudden onset of headache, vomiting, vertigo, and ataxic gait. Neurological examinations revealed he was confused and restless, and left-sided Weber's syndrome, bulbar palsy and dysphasia were noticed. CT scan showed multiple small low density areas with no enhancement scattering in both occipital lobes and cerebellar hemispheres. Angiographical studies showed that the left vertebral artery was occluded at the vertebrobasilar junction and the right vertebral artery stenosed up to 90% or more at the branching site of the PICA. There was no visualization of the vertebrobasilar system through the right posterior communicating artery. The left posterior communicating artery was not examined. The patient was treated with Urokinase amounting to 740,000 units for ten days. Thirteen days later, however, he became progressively drowsy and he became unable to speak and swallow. Quadriparesis also appeared. Progressive deterioration of these brain stem ischemic symptoms was assumed to originate from critically lowered perfusion of the vertebrobasilar circulation. Therefore, the ECA-PCA anastomosis by means of a venous graft was carried out on the right side in expectation of the rapid restoration of the blood flow in the affected brain stem. A venous graft was chosen because it would carry larger amount of blood immediately after completing the bypass surgery than small calibered arterial graft such as a superficial temporal artery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case report of intracerebral tuberculoma during antituberculous therapy].

A case of multiple intracerebral tuberculoma occurred in the course of anti-tuberculous therapy is reported. A 16-year-old high school boy had been treated with isoniagid, streptomycin and paramino-salicylic acid on the tuberculous pleulitis for 3 months previously. He was admitted to our hospital because of progressive headache associated with vomiting. Neurological examination revealed bilateral full papilledema and incomplete bilateral abducens palsy. An immediate CT study with contrast enhancement demonstrated two small ring-like mass with considerable perifocal edema in the left temporal and occipital lobe, respectively. Intracerebral tuberculoma was considered to be most likely, so the patient was given antituberculous therapy with steroid and mannitol. However, despite of medical decompression, he developed intracranial hypertension aggravated, leading to removal of tumor 7 days after admission. Initially left temporal tuberculoma, which had more extensive and prominent perifocal edema, was successfully excised. The specimen was a walnut-sized granuloma with hard capsule including pus inside. Numerous tuberculous bacilli were identified with Ziel-Nielsen staining technique from the pus. Postoperative course was gratifying, and other tumor in the left occipital lobe, which was also diagnosed as tuberculoma, was treated with continuing administration of isoniagid, ethanbutol and rifampicin. However, the former two drugs were forced to be discontinued because of agranulocytosis. Only rifampicin was maintained for 2 months thereafter but no decrease of the size was observed in serial CT studies. Then left occipital tuberculoma was removed. The pathology was tuberculoma with positive bacilli staining. He discharged 1 month later without any neurological deficit but was on antituberculous therapy (rifampisin) as an outpatient for 3 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Cervical spondylotic radiculo-myelopathy in patients with athetoid-dystonic cerebral palsy: clinical evaluation and surgical treatment.

The acute onset of symptoms of severe cervical radiculo-myelopathy in four patients with athetoid-dystonic cerebral palsy is reported. Neurological and radiological examination showed that the spondylotic changes of the cervical spine were responsible for new neurological deficits leading to the patients being bedridden. Dystonic-athetoid neck movements may cause excessive axial neck rotation as well as flexion and extension movements of the spine. These repetitive exaggerated movements may result in early degenerative changes of the vertebrae which may enhance the radiculo-myelopathy. The four patients were treated with an anterior discectomy with interbody fusion. They were bedridden pre-operatively but all have since been able to walk with or without a cane. It is concluded that early anterior decompression with interbody fusion is a treatment of choice for cervical spondylotic radiculo-myelopathy in association with athetoid cerebral palsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A case report of post-traumatic syringomyelia].

A case of posttraumatic syringomyelia which appeared 26 years after the injury was presented. A patient was 61 year old female, who sustained thoraco-lumbar spine injuries rendering her to paraplegic in 1954. Eleven months later she had an operation of T6-T9 and L1-L2 laminectomies and regained motor and sensory functions of the both lower extremities. She was ambulatory with crutches till 1979. In 1980, burning pain was noticed in the left scapular region, and thereafter, extended to the ulnar side of the left forearm. The pain became progressively worse and intractable. Analgesics were ineffective. Two years later muscle atrophies and weakness in the left finger intrinsic muscles appeared. Absent deep tendon reflexes in the left upper extremity, dissociated sensory loss (in the left C2-S1 and right T5-T12 dermatomes) and paraparesis were also documented. Metrizamide CT scan performed 24 hours after the intrathecal injection disclosed an intramedullary syrinx between C2 and L1 vertebral levels. No communication with the fourth ventricle was seen. A syringoperitoneal shunt with low pressure valve was placed. The pain subsided immediately after this procedure. However, no improvement in motor and sensory functions were observed. Pathophysiological mechanisms involved in post-traumatic syrinx formation and its development were discussed. We prefer hypothesis proposed by Ball and Dayan to Gardner's hydrodynamic theory regarding to development of the syrinx secondary to spinal cord injury.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[A case of moyamoya disease associated with a peripheral artery aneurysm of the thalamus].

The authors report a case of moyamoya disease associated with a peripheral artery aneurysm in the thalamus of a 54-year-old woman. Plain CT scans revealed the right thalamic hemorrhage with ventricular penetration. Cerebral angiography demonstrated the characteristic appearance of moyamoya disease with a peripheral artery aneurysm in the territory of the right medial posterior choroidal artery. This aneurysm ruptured three times during 8 days since onset and the thalamic hemorrhage became larger on each occasion. Although the clinical symptoms and signs and plain CT scans disclosed thalamic hemorrhage, it was difficult to explain the cause of the hemorrhage. The authors emphasize that cerebral angiography and enhanced CT scans are quite necessary to clarify the genesis of cerebrovascular disease.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1983

Structure-antitumor activity relationship of a D-manno-D-glucan from Microellobosporia grisea: effect of periodate modification on antitumor activity.

An antitumor D-manno-D-glucan from Microellobosporia grisea, an actinomycete, has a tetrasaccharide repeating-unit structure, a single alpha-D-mannosyl group being located at both O-3 and O-6 of every other beta-D-(1 leads to 4)-glucosyl residue. The D-mannosyl groups and D-glucosyl residues of the mannoglucan were polyhydroxylated to various extents by controlled periodate oxidation followed by borohydride reduction. The derivatives (PA mannoglucans) were further subjected to mild hydrolysis with acid, to give partially debranched mannoglucans (PA-H mannoglucans). These derivatives were tested for antitumor activity against Ehrlich carcinoma solid tumor in mice. The PA mannoglucans having degrees of polyhydroxylation of less than approximately 50 and 2% of the D-mannosyl groups and D-glucosyl residues, respectively, showed high antitumor activities, similar to that of the original mannoglucan, whereas further polyhydroxylation resulted in a marked decrease in, or complete loss of, the activity. The PA-H mannoglucans, lacking 5-40% of the D-mannosyl branches, still had potent antitumor activities, comparable to that of the original mannoglucan. On the basis of these results, the relationship of the structure of the mannoglucan to the antitumor activity is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Structural studies on an antitumor polysaccharide from Microellobosporia grisea.

The structure of the antitumor polysaccharide from the actinomycete Microellobosporia grisea has been investigated. By methylation and periodate-oxidation studies, the polysaccharide was shown to consist of (nonreducing) D-mannosyl groups, (1 leads to 4)-linked D-glucosyl residues, and 3,6-branched, (1 leads to 4)-linked D-glucosyl residues in the approximate molar ratios of 2:1:1. Periodate oxidation of the polysaccharide, followed by borohydride reduction and mild hydrolysis with acid yielded glycerol, erythritol, 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-D-erythritol, and 5-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxane, which were isolated in the molar ratios of 2.0:0.14:0.74:0.35. Partial hydrolysis of the polysaccharide gave alpha-D-Manp-(1 leads to 6)-D-Glcp, beta-D-Glcp-(1 leads to 4)-D-Glcp, alpha-D-Manp-(1 leads to 3)-D-Glcp, and beta-D-Glcp-(1 leads to 4)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1 leads to 3)-]-D-Glcp. From these results, it is proposed that the polysaccharide is mainly composed of tetrasaccharide repeating-units having the following structure. (formula: see text)

Actinomycetales Infections↗
PubMed1983

The sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex from an Arthrobacter species: characterization of the linkage between the two components.

Further structural features of the sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex, which is produced by an Arthrobacter sp. and contains phosphorus as its minor component, were investigated. Phosphoric acid esters such as D-glucose 6-phosphate, glycerol 1-phosphate and muramic acid phosphate were isolated from the acid hydrolysate of the complex. On mild acid treatment, the complex became positive for both the Morgan-Elson reaction and acid phosphatase digestion. The mild acid hydrolysate readily formed the Morgan-Elson chromogen on heating at pH 7, indicating release of terminal reducing N-acetylglucosamine substituted on C-3 by adjacent sugars, and its release was accompanied by that of phosphomonoester. The complex released peptidoglycan fragments on the mild acid treatment, together with acid-degraded, sulfated polysaccharide chains with terminal reducing N-acetylglucosamine. A large proportion of phosphorus in the complex was shown to occur in the sulfated polysaccharide chains, and the rest as muramic acid phosphate in the peptidoglycan fragments. After mild acid treatment of the complex, 50% of total phosphorus was released as inorganic phosphate on phosphatase digestion of the hydrolysate. These results suggest that the sulfated polysaccharide chains, which are additionally phosphorylated to a low degree, are linked to the peptidoglycan fragments through acid-labile phosphodiester linkages, probably between (1 leads to 3)-linked N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate and muramic acid.

Arthrobacter↗
PubMed1983

Moyamoya disease associated with persistent primitive trigeminal artery. Report of two cases.

Two cases of moyamoya disease associated with persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PTA) are reported. The first patient was a 44-year-old man who experienced a sudden severe headache brought about by an intracerebral hematoma in the left temporoparietal lobe. Four-vessel study showed a right-sided PTA and moyamoya disease. The second patient was a 56-year-old woman with similar symptoms and a hematoma in the right temporoparietal lobe. Four-vessel study showed a left-sided PTA and moyamoya disease. Among the 212 PTA cases reported in the literature, none has been associated with moyamoya disease. Moreover, there are no cases of moyamoya disease among the 119 cases of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PHA), which is thought to be a vascular anomaly fundamentally similar to PTA. None of the 907 cases of moyamoya disease reported in Japan has been associated with either PTA or PHA. Nonetheless, the embryonic stage when PTA or PHA normally disappears partially overlaps that period when moyamoya-like vascular anomalies have been thought to arise. The possible developmental relationship between these two varieties of vascular abnormality is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[An autopsy case of transcortical motor aphasia].

An autopsy case of transcortical motor aphasia is presented with a pathology located anterior and superior to the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus. Case H. Y. A 60-year-old right-handed man. On Nov. 14, 1978, the patient had surgery to remove cerebral hematoma in the left frontal lobe. In the neuropsychological examination before the operation, he had shown the clinical features of transcortical motor aphasia characterized by good comprehension of language, preserved repetition, and spontaneous speech disorder. In this stage, it was supposed that the underlying disturbance of spontaneous speech was due to the disabilities of contextual constructions of sentences rather than the lack of speech initiation. Following the operation, however, spontaneous speech disappeared completely for several days. At the same time, the patient showed problems in comprehension, reading, writing and confrontation naming as well as symptoms of disorientation, pathological inertia and 'loss of initiation' in the psychomotor domain. During the following three months, however, the patient did show slight improvement, except for contextual sentence constructions and pathological inertia when taking the complex animal drawing test. In his terminal stages, the clinical symptoms could be summarized as transcortical motor aphasia and mild frontal lobe syndrome. On March 1, 1979, the patient died of Hamman-Rich syndrome. Postmortem examination: The brain weighed 1294 gm. The external observation of the brain disclosed the linear tissue defect, about 15 mm in length and 10 mm in width, along the radial sulcus of the pars triangularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aphasia↗
PubMed1983

[Moyamoya disease associated with persistent primitive trigeminal artery-Report of two cases].

Two cases of Moyamoya disease associated with persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PTA) are reported. Case 1: A 44 year-old man had sudden severe headache and found to have a subcortical hematoma in the left temporo-parietal lobe by CT-scans. Four vessel study revealed the right PTA and Moyamoya disease. Case 2: A 56 year-old woman suffered sudden severe headache and was diagnosed as subcortical hematoma in the right temporo-parietal lobe by CT scans. The left PTA and Moyamoya disease were revealed by four vessel study. In the previously reported 232 cases with PTA, we couldn't find out any case associated with Moyamoya disease. There are also no cases associated with Moyamoya disease in 93 cases of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PHA) whose vascular anomaly is essentially similar to that of PTA. In the 907 cases of Moyamoya disease collected by Japanese cooperative study, there were no cases in which PTA or PHA was associated by. The period when PTA or PHA disappears at the embryonic stage (5-14 mm) almost corresponds to the period (11-14 mm) in which the vascular state is similar to Moyamoya phenomena. From this point of view, two cases of Moyamoya disease associated with PTA suggest that there is a close relationship between Moyamoya disease and PTA. On the other hand, it seems that Moyamoya disease is associated with PTA by mere chance, because their combination is very rare and Moyamoya vessels changes frequently and dynamically, while PTA does not change.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A sulfated polysaccharide produced by an Arthrobacter species.

A new sulfated polysaccharide was isolated from the culture supernatant of a strain of Arthrobacter sp. The polysaccharide purified with quaternary ammonium salts consists of D-galactose, D-glucose, sulfate, phosphorus, glucosamine, muramic acid, alanine, glutamic acid, glycine, and LL-diaminopimelic acid in a molar ratio of 56 : 9.0 : 68 : 6.4 : 2.0 : 1.1 : 2.1 : 1.0 : 1.2 : 1.2. The presence of the two amino sugars and four amino acids suggests that the polysaccharide, which is principally a galactan sulfate, contains small amounts of so-called peptidoglycan and that it is derived from the bacterial cell-wall polysaccharide. Gel filtration indicates the heterogeneity of the purified polysaccharide in its peptidoglycan content and molecular size. The molecular weight of its major portion was estimated to be 2.3 X 10(4) by gel filtration. The fractions GS-I and GS-II, and GS-4M and GS-5M, which were obtained by fractionation of the polysaccharide on Sephacryl S-200 and Dowex 1-X2 (Cl- form), respectively, gave almost the same chemical composition as the original polysaccharide, except in the peptidoglycan content, indicating that this polysaccharide is a series of complexes composed of essentially equal, sulfated polysaccharide chains and peptidoglycan fragments in their various ratios. The polysaccharide has [alpha]D -36 degrees and is composed predominantly of beta-glycosidic linkages, as judged from its specific optical rotation (-37 degrees) and the infrared absorption (885 cm-1) of its desulfated material. It exhibits a potent antithrombin activity (ID50, 0.82 micrograms/ml). A possible partial structure of the polysaccharide is also discussed, based on the results of periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and alkali treatment.

Arthrobacter↗