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Biomedical subjects

S K Scott

Publications and source records attributed to S K Scott.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Studies of the coagulation system and blood pressure during experimental Bolivian hemorrhagic fever in rhesus monkeys.

Experimental infection of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with Machupo virus produced a hemorrhagic disease similar to that of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever in humans. The disease in infected animals was also characterized by the development of hypotension and coagulation abnormalities as indicated by severe thrombocytopenia and prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time. Evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulation was inconclusive due to the presence of normal to elevated fibrinogen levels, relatively low levels of circulating fibrin split products, and the lack of widespread fibrin thrombus deposition. The most likely causes of the hemorrhagic tendencies of this disease in infected monkeys were thrombocytopenia and decreased synthesis of coagulation and other plasma proteins due to severe hepatocellular necrosis. Hypotension may also have been due to decreased plasma protein synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of interferon on togavirus and arenavirus infections of animals.

The sensitivity of togaviruses to the effects of IF appears to permit successful exploitation of IF inducers, whereas the relative insensitivity of arenaviruses to IF in vitro appears to correlate with the complete lack of success of poly (ICLC) therapy in the monkey model. Noteworthy is the successful use of poly (ICLC) against fatal encephalitis caused by JE virus in monkeys. Additional studies appear to be warranted to characterize further the role of IF and/or IF inducers in other model infections prior to studies in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Serum lactate dehydrogenase of normal, stressed, and yellow fever virus-infected rhesus monkeys.

Serum lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (sLDH) was studied in both healthy and yellow fever virus (YFV)-infected young adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). In healthy monkeys, significant variation (p less than 0.001) was observed for both total activity and isoenzyme distribution among the following comparisons: individual monkeys, different days, different times of day, and caged versus chair-restrained monkeys (until 7 da after chair restraint). However, variability of baseline values was reduced by the use of samples obtained from resting subjects at 9:00 am on at least 3 consecutive days. Normal total activity and isoenzyme distribution values were based on 148 determinations obtained from 73 healthy, caged monkeys. Both total activity and the proportion of the 5th isoenzyme fraction increased significantly (p less than 0.001) in the YFV-infected monkeys, beginning 90 hr postinfection, consistent with hepatocellular necrosis and release of isoenzymes into the serum. The assay for sLDH appears to be of value as a diagnostic indicator during the course of YFV infection in the rhesus monkey.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Pathogenesis of Machupo virus infection in primates.

Experimental Machupo virus infection of rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys produced a severe illness consisting of an initial clinical phase and a later neurological phase. Cumulative mortality during the two phases was 80% and 95% respectively. Attempts to alter the pathogenesis with decomplementation or immunosuppression resulted in earlier deaths of the monkeys.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Protection of monkeys against Machupo virus by the passive administration of Bolivian haemorrhagic fever immunoglobulin (human origin).

Bolivian haemorrhagic fever immunoglobulin of human origin, given either prior to or shortly after experimental infection with Machupo virus, protected rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys against initial clinical illness. Some survivors developed severe neurological signs 30-47 days after virus inoculation and died 4-6 days later. Results from one of the experiments suggested that the development of neurological signs was associated more frequently with high doses of immunoglobulin than with intermediate or low doses.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

When the central executive lets us down: schemas, attention, and load in a generative working memory task.

Participants were asked to generate a single sequence of numbers in between two bounds. By varying the requested sequence length and way in which the question is posed, this paradigm enables assessment of the contributions to central executive functioning of schema, focus of attention, and load. With sequences of three or four numbers, a quarter of the sample failed fully to comply with the instructions. They generated an incorrect number of numbers or went outside the specified bounds. With sequences of six numbers, more than half of the sample infringed one or more of the constraints. Participants consistently generated sequences with particular generic properties. The overall frequency and patterns of infringements suggest that a substantial proportion of participants focused their conceptual attention on sequence content and often neglected the problem of how thelength and boundary constraints were going to be evaluated either before or during response delivery.

Attention↗