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Biomedical subjects

S K Patole

Publications and source records attributed to S K Patole.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Recombinant human erythropoietin in anemia of prematurity.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate safety and efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO)in reducing the need for red cell transfusions in anemia of prematurity. METHODS: forty -two preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) were randomly assigned to a "treatment" group (r-HuEPO 400 units/kg every alternate day * 10 doses) or "no treatment" (control) group. All infants on enteral feeds received oral iron 3 mg/kg/day, graded up to 6 mg/kg/day. RESULTS: Higher reticulocyte counts in week 2 and 3 and higher hemoglobin levels in week 4 were noted after treatment with r-HuEPO. Despite stumulated erythropoiesis, the frequency of transfusions could not be reduced with r-HuEPO therapy.Overall, Phlebotomy losses, frequency and volume of redcell transfusions were significantly more in neonates with birthweight <1000 grams compared with those with birthweight >1000 grams (p<0.05). Associated side effects of r-HuEPO such as neutropenia,sepsis, hypertension or increased risk of late death did not occur. CONCLUSION: r-HuEPO therapy was safe without any side effects. Inability of r-HuEPO therapy to minimize red cell transfusions for anemia of prematurity may be explained by a relatively strict red-cell transfusion policy and the desired degree of treatment effect.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Experimental and clinical effects of magnesium infusion in the treatment of neonatal pulmonary hypertension.

The appropriate treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn has led to the search for a specific pulmonary vasodilator. Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is characterized by a high pulmonary vascular resistance resulting in right to left shunting across the fetal channels. The ratio of pulmonary vascular resistance to systemic vascular resistance determines the magnitude of this shunt, and agents which lower both pulmonary and systemic blood pressure do not alleviate the right to left intracardiac shunt. Numerous vasodilator agents,including tolazoline, prostaglandins and nitrovasodilators, have been used but all have been associated with problematic falls in systemic blood pressure. Magnesium, called nature's calcium blocker, antagonizes calcium ion entry into smooth muscle cells, thus promoting vasodilatation. Magnesium is also a non-specific vasodilator,and while potentially lowering pulmonary vascular resistance, has been shown to cause a fall in systemic blood pressure in neonatal models of hypoxic or septic pulmonary hypertension. Case reports and a series of cases have noted beneficial effects in human newborns, which may have been due to other effects of magnesium (eg, sedation, muscle relaxation, bronchodilatation and cardioprotection). There are, however, no reported prospective randomized controlled trials of magnesium sulphate in human newborns with pulmonary hypertension. More recently, the discovery that inhaled nitric oxide acts as a specific pulmonary vasodilator without systemic side effects may reduce enthusiasm for the use of magnesium infusions in neonates with pulmonary hypertension. There appears to be sufficient evidence at present to justify a prospective randomized controlled trial to evaluate the role of magnesium infusion as a specific pulmonary vasodilator for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in hypoxic human newborns.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Determinants of death among admissions to intensive care unit for newborns.

Determinants of death in newborns admitted to the Intensive Care Unit were studied taking into consideration antenatal history, intrapartum events, and clinical findings. Over 3 years (1984, 1985 and 1986) 1747 admissions were the subjects of this study. Of these, 424 deaths formed the study group and 1323 survivors form the control group. Odds ratio, attributable risk, univariate analysis, multiple stepwise regression, and analysis of variance were obtained. Clinical features associated with respiratory distress, birth asphyxia, admission to nursery after 6 hours of birth, and hypothermia on admission were found to be important factors related to death among nursery admissions.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1990

Risk assessment in birth asphyxia.

In developing countries the need for a risk approach in neonatology is obvious because of a high birth rate, high neonatal mortality rate, and limited availability of resources. Quantification of risk, with selected antepartum, intrapartum factors, clinical, and post-mortem findings was done by calculating odds ratio, attributable risk, and 95 per cent confidence limits in 1811 babies, 541 of which were asphyxiated. Primigravidity, history of perinatal death, pregnancy induced hypertension, and antepartum haemorrhage carried higher risk. Abnormal fetal heart rate and meconium passage in amniotic fluid correctly predicted high risk of birth asphyxia. Decreasing risk in premature/low birth weight babies without increase in abdominal deliveries suggested that caesarean sections were unnecessary in preterm deliveries. Clinical monitoring of asphyxiated newborns was adequate enough.

Apgar Score↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric pneumatosis in neonates: revisited.

Pneumatosis intestinalis, found commonly in neonatal necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), can occur in any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from the oesophagus to the rectum. Gastric pneumatosis, defined as air within the wall of the stomach, however, is an extremely rare sign during infancy and is usually secondary to gastric outlet obstruction. The clinical course and outcome of a neonate with gastric pneumatosis associated with NEC is reported along with a brief review of the literature. The findings illustrate that gastric pneumatosis can be the presenting feature of fulminant NEC and may indicate widespread, severe gastrointestinal insult.

Enterocolitis, Necrotizing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral gastrografin in neonates: a note of caution.

Hyperosmolar feeds are known to increase gastrointestinal permeability, predisposing to absorption of toxins. They are also associated with necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates. A case of a neonate with suspected NEC who died following Gram-negative septicaemia possibly related to oral gastrografin is reported. Hyperosmolarity of gastrografin may have caused complete loss of mucosal integrity in the compromised bowel leading to Gram-negative septicaemia.

Bacteremia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fryns syndrome.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗