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Biomedical subjects

S K Patnaik

Publications and source records attributed to S K Patnaik.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Acute respiratory infection in children--a survey in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh.

A survey was carried out in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh to determine the magnitude of the problem of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in children below five years of age. ARI associated mortality rates were found to be 15 times higher in infants than in the 1-4 year age group. However, overall ARI associated mortality was only 2.01 per thousand with an estimated case fatality ratio of 0.4 per thousand. A reverse trend in morbidity was noted in which 2-week incidence of ARI was more in 1-4 years age group than in infants. There is a need to standardize diagnosis and treatment of ARI disease in the district in order to eliminate wasteful use of antibiotics.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Diarrhoeal diseases in children--a survey in east Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh.

A survey carried out in East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh to determine the extent of diarrhoeal disease problem in children under five years of age revealed an incidence of 7.5 per cent. It was two times more frequent in infants than in the age group of 1-4 years. Mortality due to diarrhoea was 1.1 per thousand children which was two times more in infants than in the age group of 1-4 years. As high as 68.5 per cent of children were treated with antibiotics. There is a need to standardize management of diarrhoeal diseases in order to eliminate wasteful use of antibiotics.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Differential regulation of malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes by estradiol in the brain of rats of various ages.

The activity and induction patterns of the isoenzymes of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of female rats during growth, development, and senescence were studied. The activity of both the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isoenzymes increased significantly with increasing age of the rat. Ovariectomy decreased, and hydrocortisone administration increased significantly the activity of cytoplasmic MDH of both the tissues of immature, adult, and senescent rats. However, the degree of these responses decreased with increasing age of the animal. The hormone-mediated induction of this isoenzyme is actinomycin D-sensitive. Mitochondrial MDH on the other hand is irresponsive towards these treatments throughout the life span of the rat.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

Tissue-specific differential induction of aspartate transcarbamylase by hydrocortisone in rats of various ages.

The activity and induction pattern of aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase) of the liver (a mitotic tissue) and heart (a post-mitotic tissue) of rats of various ages were studied. The activity of the enzyme of both tissues was highest in the immature rat and decreased significantly thereafter with increasing age of the animal. Adrenalectomy and hydrocortisone treatments altered the activity of liver ATCase in rats of all the ages. However, these treatments altered the heart enzyme of the immature and adult rats, but not of senescent rat. The magnitude of induction of the enzyme by hydrocortisone was highest in the immature rat. Actinomycin D inhibited the hormone-mediated induction of ATCase in both the liver and heart.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1990

Differential effects of hydrocortisone on alanine aminotransferase isoenzymes of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of rats during growth, development, and senescence.

The activities and induction patterns of the isoenzymes of alanine aminotransferase (AAT) of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of rats of various ages were studied. The activities of both the soluble (s-) and mitochondrial (m-) isoenzymes of ATT of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum were highest in the immature rat and decreased significantly thereafter with increasing age. Adrenalectomy decreased, and hydrocortisone administration increased significantly, the activity of s-AAT in both cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of immature, adult, and senescent rats. However, these treatments resulted in significant changes in the activity of m-AAT in both tissues of the immature rat only. The hormone-mediated induction of these isoenzymes was actinomycin D-sensitive.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1987

Tissue-specific differential induction of ornithine aminotransferase by estradiol in rats of various ages.

The level and induction of ornithine aminotransferase of the liver and kidney cortex were determined at different phases of the life span of female rats. The level of this enzyme in the liver did not change significantly till adulthood and decreased thereafter. However, there was no significant differences in the level of this enzyme in the kidney cortex of the rat throughout its life span. Further, the level of this enzyme in the kidney cortex was more than 2.5-fold higher than that of the liver in all the age groups. Ovariectomy decreased, and 17-beta-estradiol increased significantly, the activity of the kidney cortex enzyme in rats except for the old ones. The effects of both these treatments were highest in the young-adult (13-weeks) rats. In contrast, the liver enzyme was irresponsive towards both these treatments.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Changes in the sub-types of soluble alanine aminotransferase in the liver of rats during development and aging.

DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of crystalline soluble alanine aminotransferase of the liver shows only a single molecular species in both immature and senescent rats. In the case of adult rat, there are two species; one corresponding to that of the immature and the other to that of the old. The former sub-type of the isozyme is designated as sAAT-A and the latter as sAAT-B. sAAT-A is predominantly present in the immature rat and sAAT-B in the old. There is thus a gradual and sequential change in the two sub-types of sAAT as a function of age of the rat.

Aging↗