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Biomedical subjects

S K Mukherji

Publications and source records attributed to S K Mukherji.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The ability of tumor volume to predict local control in surgically treated squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx.

PURPOSE: Pretreatment CT volumetric measurement of the primary tumor has been shown to be a predictor of local control in patients with laryngeal carcinoma treated with radiation therapy (RT) alone. A direct association has been demonstrated between tumor volume of supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SGSCCA) and local control. However, the association between tumor volume of SGSCCA and local control has not been investigated in patients treated surgically. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between SGSCCA tumor volume and local control in patients treated surgically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary site tumor volume was calculated from pretreatment CT studies in 37 laryngeal supraglottic carcinomas treated surgically. All patients had clinical follow-up for evidence of recurrent tumor along the surgical margins at the primary site for a minimum of 2 years after completion of treatment. Statistical analysis consisted of Mantel-Haenszel chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Overall local control rate was 92% (33 of 37). Tumor volume was significantly associated with local control (p <. 05). Local control rate for tumors with volumes <16 cc was 94% (32 of 34) (p <.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment CT volumetric analysis is useful for predicting local control in patients with SGSCCA carcinoma treated surgically.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Cerebral amobarbital sodium distribution during Wada testing: utility of digital subtraction angiography and single-photon emission tomography.

We aimed to determine if the cerebral distribution of anesthetic during Wada testing is reflected by findings on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and if the findings on these studies are relevant to the outcome of the Wada test. We carried out selective internal carotid artery (ICA) DSA on 29 patients underwent studies prior to a Wada test. In patients without angiographic cross-filling, amobarbital and a radiotracer were injected into each ICA, beginning with the epileptogenic side. In patients with cross-filling, the ICA ipsilateral to the epileptogenic focus was injected with amobarbital and radiotracer while other was injected with amobarbital alone. We analyzed the DSA studies for cross-filling and filling of the posterior cerebral arteries (PCA). We reviewed the SPECT for activity in the territories of the anterior, middle cerebral, and posterior cerebral arteries. We compared the results of both studies with the success or failure of the neuropsychological portion of the Wada test. In 20 patients without cross-filling, the results of DSA and SPECT were comparable: symmetrical hemisphere activity was seen. In nine patients with cross-filling, SPECT showed bilateral, almost symmetrical activity. Filling or nonfilling of the PCA correlated with activity (or lack of it) in the medial temporal and occipital regions in all patients. The Wada test was considered successful in all patients. The findings on SPECT did not alter interpretation of the Wada test and we suggest that it may not be needed in all patients undergoing Wada testing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Use of computed tomography in the assessment of mandibular invasion in carcinoma of the retromolar trigone.

Carcinomas originating in the retromolar trigone (RMT) are uncommon and characterized by early spread. Determination of mandibular invasion is significant for planning therapy and determining prognosis. For oral cavity cancers in general, CT is reasonably accurate in assessing bone invasion. However, there is a paucity of information specifically addressing the value of CT in the RMT. In this study, the records of patients with biopsy-proven RMT carcinomas treated between 1984 and 1998 were reviewed with attention to preoperative CT scans and histopathologic findings during surgery. Half of the patients who were treated with primary resection had mandibular invasion. Bone invasion was not identified radiographically in 27% of patients with preoperative CT scans. The sensitivity of CT for bone involvement in RMT cancers was 50%, with a negative predictive value of 61.1%. The positive predictive value was 91.1%. These findings suggest that CT is a useful, but potentially inaccurate, predictor of bone invasion in the RMT.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2000

Diffusion-weighted imaging in the evaluation of intracranial lesions.

Conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is able to show pathology early on and to provide the radiologist with some degree of lesion characterization based on the relaxation time of different tissues. Many times, however, conventional MR imaging is not capable of depicting abnormalities at a time when early therapy may be successful, or of differentiating among different types of lesions before surgery. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), a technique that is relatively new, is rapidly gaining popularity. Its increased use stems from the fact that many of the newer MR units are echo-planar capable. Although DWI may be obtained without echo-planar techniques, most DWI is now obtained by using gradients capable of very fast rising times. Echo-planar DWI may be obtained in a matter of seconds and, thus, is much less sensitive to bulk motion than other imaging techniques. Although DWI has been used extensively for the evaluation of acute cerebral infarctions, new uses for it are being explored constantly. In this article we address the nature of DWI and its use in the stroke patient as well as in other clinical situations where we believe it is useful.

Brain↗
PubMed2000

Clinical applications of FLAIR, HASTE, and magnetization transfer in neuroimaging.

We review the clinical utility of three commonly used and relatively new magnetic resonance techniques as it pertains to neuroimaging. These techniques include fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) images, half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) images, and magnetization transfer (MT). These techniques may be used to improve image quality and, in some cases, increase the sensitivity and the specificity of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine.

Central Nervous System↗
PubMed2000

Functional MRI: background and clinical applications.

Functional MRI is gaining wider acceptance as a clinical tool that can be used for a variety of clinical indications. The goal of this article is to introduce the reader to functional MRI as a technique and present some clinical applications of functional MRI.

Brain↗
PubMed2000

Proton MR spectroscopy of the brain.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been shown to be an effective noninvasive diagnostic tool that can be used to monitor serially biochemical and metabolic changes in serial disease processes that affect the brain. MRS is now a clinical tool that is reimbursable. This article reviews MRS physics, techniques, pulse sequences, and the clinical applications of MRS.

Brain↗
PubMed2000

Strabismus surgery complicated by "pulled in two syndrome" in a case of breast carcinoma metastatic to the medial rectus muscle.

Metastatic carcinoma to the extraocular muscles is extremely rare; it is reported to occur from breast, lung, and gastric carcinoma as well as skin melanoma. (1-3) Overall, intraocular metastases occur much more frequently than orbital metastases.(4) The most common primary tumors causing orbital metastases are breast and lung carcinomas.(5) Strabismus due to orbital metastases from breast carcinoma usually results from fibrosis of the muscle, which often causes painful ophthalmoplegia and enophthalmos. (6,7) We report a case of presumed metastatic carcinoma to the medial rectus muscle causing restrictive strabismus in which surgery was complicated by the "pulled in two syndrome," or PITS.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Fetus in fetu: CT appearance--report of two cases.

Fetus in fetu is a rare abnormality secondary to the abnormal embryogenesis in a diamniotic, monochorionic pregnancy. It is an unusual condition in which a vertebrate fetus is enclosed within the abdomen of a normally developing fetus. Presented are the computed tomographic findings in two cases in which imaging findings were diagnostic of this entity.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2000

Hypoplasia of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve in patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss: initial observations.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the length and width of the bony canal of the cochlear nerve in patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who have "normal" findings at thin-section computed tomography (CT) of the temporal bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively evaluated the length and width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve in two groups of patients. The first group was composed of 33 patients with profound SNHL and no demonstrable abnormality at thin-section CT. The control group was composed of 50 patients who underwent temporal bone CT for causes unrelated to SNHL. The mean value +/- SD was calculated for both cohorts. Statistical analysis consisted of the nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test with the NPAR1WAY program. RESULTS: The length and width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve were significantly smaller in patients with SNHL than in the control group (P <.05) CONCLUSION: The hypoplastic bony canal for the cochlear nerve in patients with SNHL may be indicative of a previously unrecognized embryologic malformation of the cochlear nerve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Brachial plexus nerve block with CT guidance for regional pain management: initial results.

Brachial plexus nerve blocks are performed to treat patients with chronic pain referable to the brachial plexus. The needle insertion and trajectory are based on palpation of surface landmarks. Occasionally, the surface landmarks are difficult to identify owing to body habitus or anatomic alterations secondary to surgery or radiation therapy. The intent of this manuscript is to describe a technique for brachial plexus block guided with computed tomography and to report our initial results for regional pain management.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Cerebral infarctions: evaluation with single-axis versus trace diffusion-weighted MR imaging.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the usefulness of single-axis diffusion-weighted imaging versus trace diffusion-weighted imaging in the evaluation of cerebral infarctions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients harboring 34 infarctions were examined using single-axis and trace diffusion-weighted imaging within 48 hr of the onset of symptoms. Two neuroradiologists who were not aware of the clinical findings reviewed all images obtained with both techniques and noted the following: type of infarction (small [<15 mm] versus territorial), location of infarction, presence of infarction (seen only on single-axis images, seen only on trace images, seen on both), lesion conspicuity (better on single-axis images, better on trace images, or equal on both), and lesion size (larger on single-axis images, larger on trace images, or equal on both). Differences in opinion were resolved by consensus. RESULTS: Of the 18 small and 16 territorial infarctions, all were identified on both single-axis and trace imaging. Lesion conspicuity was judged to be slightly better on trace images for both types of infarctions. Lesion size was judged to be larger on single-axis images for territorial infarctions. CONCLUSION: Both single-axis and trace diffusion-weighted imaging showed all small and territorial cerebral infarctions. Both types of infarctions were slightly larger on single-axis images but this did not affect correct interpretation in any case. The single-axis technique provided sufficient information for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction in our clinical settings.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Nasal chondroma.

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Chondroma↗