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Biomedical subjects

S K Morcos

Publications and source records attributed to S K Morcos.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The effect of sodium iothalamate on the vascular resistance of the isolated perfused rat kidney.

The direct effects of sodium iothalamate on renal vascular resistance (RVR) were examined using the isolated perfused rat kidney experimental model. A concentration-dependent biphasic change in RVR was produced with the hyperosmolar solution of sodium iothalamate [(Conray 420), 420 mgI/ml, 2500 mOsmol/kg/H2O]. The response characterized by an initial fall followed by a prolonged increase in RVR on discontinuation of the iothalamate infusion. No significant change in RVR was observed when iothalamate was infused as an iso-osmotic solution (60 mgI/ml, 280 mOsmol/kg/H2O) at a rate of 0.525 ml/min. to produce a concentration of 4.2 mgI/ml in the renal perfusate. We conclude that sodium iothalamate can exert direct biphasic effects on RVR which are mediated by its hyperosmolality rather than its chemical content.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Haemodynamic effects of water-soluble contrast media on the isolated perfused rat kidney.

The precise mechanism underlying the nephrotoxicity of radiocontrast media remains ill defined. In this study we have examined the direct effect of a wide range of low- and high-osmolar water-soluble contrast media (WSCM) on the vascular resistance of the isolated perfused rat kidney (IPRK). Water-soluble contrast media led to a significant fall in the renal perfusate flow and an increase in the renal vascular resistance (RVR). The magnitude of these haemodynamic changes was independent of the osmolality of the tested agents. This study shows a direct effect of WSCM on the vascular resistance of the isolated perfused rat kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Suitability of and tolerance to Iotrolan 300 in bronchography via the fibreoptic bronchoscope.

The contrast agent Iotrolan 300 has potential advantages for bronchography over previous agents in that it can be injected directly through the bronchoscope and it does not obscure bronchoscopic vision or interfere with further bronchoscopic procedures. It was used for selective bronchography in 20 patients with suspected bronchiectasis. Side effects and change in FEV1 and in arterial oxygen saturation were compared in these patients and in 14 patients undergoing bronchoscopy for suspected carcinoma. Thirteen of the 20 patients undergoing bronchography had side effects, mainly headache, nausea, and a feeling of heat or flushing. The fall in FEV1 at four hours (0.3 l) did not differ from the fall in the control group (0.1 l). The fall in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) during bronchography (9.4%) did not differ significantly from the fall during bronchoscopy in the control group (6.1%). Iotrolan gave good quality bronchograms, which in all cases provided a diagnosis. Iotrolan appears to be suitable for bronchography by fibreoptic bronchoscope and to be well tolerated.

Bronchiectasis↗
PubMed1989

Congenital absence of the intrahepatic segment of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation presenting as a mediastinal mass.

A child with the isolated anomaly of azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava is presented. The interest of this abnormality lies in its detection as a mediastinal mass on the chest radiograph. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast enhancement is the method of choice to diagnose this venous anomaly. Awareness of the caval-azygos abnormality is important to surgeons and cardiologists. Accidental ligation of the azygos vein is fatal and cardiac catheterization using the lower extremity vein is troublesome in patients with this condition.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of real-time ultrasonography with intravenous urography in the follow-up of patients with spinal cord injury.

Patients with spinal cord damage require an expert urological assessment at regular intervals. Seventy-five patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction associated with spinal paralysis attending for routine assessment of the upper urinary tract had both intravenous urography (IVU) and renal ultrasonography. The combination of a plain radiography of the abdomen and an ultrasound scan of the kidneys was found to be a cheap, safe and reliable alternative to intravenous urography for the regular follow-up of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Delayed tension pneumothorax complicating staphylococcal pneumonia.

A case is described in which a tension pneumothorax complicated staphylococcal pneumonia 11 months after its onset. The delayed and subacute/chronic nature of the tension pneumothorax is unusual. The case also highlights the difficult differential diagnosis between subpleural lung cysts and encysted pneumothorax.

Aged↗