Biomedical subjects

S K Lau

Publications and source records attributed to S K Lau.

39 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Wet decontamination-induced stratum corneum hydration--effects on the skin barrier function to diethylmalonate.

Decontamination of chemical agents from the skin uses both dry and wet decontamination processes. Recent studies have shown that wet decontamination frequently results in stratum corneum hydration. To evaluate the hydration effect of wet decontamination on the skin barrier function and hence on the decontamination efficiency, a series of comparative studies were carried out on human skin contaminated with the nerve agent simulant diethylmalonate, using decontamination media having different salinity and surfactants. The results showed that, compared to non-decontaminated skin, remnant diethylmalonate on decontaminated skin penetrated at an accelerated rate in the immediate 2 h following decontamination. This transient enhancement effect, ranging from 20 to 98%, was depended on the nature of the decontamination media used and was more obvious in skin samples that were decontaminated 1 h postexposure. All decontamination media exhibited this effect, with the greatest enhancement observed in the following order: anionic surfactant > cationic surfactant > non-ionic surfactant > deionized water > 0.9% saline > 9% saline.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Serous otitis media and paranasopharyngeal extension of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Two hundred thirty-two patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were evaluated for serous otitis media (SOM) at diagnosis. The diagnosis of SOM required the detection of effusion behind the tympanic membrane in association of air-bone gap of 10 dB or more in pure tone audiogram. These patients were also evaluated by computed tomography for the degree of tumor extension. By stepwise logistic regression analysis, the degree of paranasopharyngeal extension of tumor, erosion of petrous temporal bone, and the obliteration of pharyngeal recess were significantly related to the development of SOM, but sex and age were not. The findings of computed tomography may influence the plan of management for SOM in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma at diagnosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Occult lymph node metastasis in small oral tongue cancers.

The need to treat the neck in patients with a small primary cancer in the tongue remains controversial. Twenty-eight patients with stage I or II oral tongue squamous carcinomas were retrospectively reviewed. They had not received previous treatment. The tongue primary was excised via the transoral route and the neck was observed closely during follow-up. Thirteen patients developed ipsilateral nodal metastases during follow-up, three of whom also had simultaneous recurrence at the primary site. An additional patient had recurrence at the primary site alone. The incidence of occult neck metastasis was 42% (10 of 24). No tumor-related death occurred in the group without nodal metastasis. The salvage rate after appearance of nodal metastasis was 30%. In oral tongue cancers, elective neck treatment should be considered regardless of a small primary and negative neck examination because of the high incidence of occult nodal metastasis and the poor outcome after salvage treatment.

Adult↗