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Biomedical subjects

S K Jones

Publications and source records attributed to S K Jones.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

A comparison of the efficacy of danofloxacin and tylosin in the control of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in broiler chicks.

Groups of chicks were infected with a virulent strain of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and treated with either danofloxacin or tylosin while one infected group was left untreated and a further group was uninfected and untreated. Control of clinical signs and mortality was better with danofloxacin than tylosin and there was significantly (P < 0.05) greater weight gain with danofloxacin at 21 days after infection. However at necropsy the prevalence of lesions of the airsac walls was similar in both groups. MG was recovered from fewer live chicks for the first week following treatment with danofloxacin, but at 2 weeks and at necropsy, at the termination of the experiment, it was recovered from a similar proportion of birds in both treated groups. This was reflected also in the serological results at the end of the trial.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Activity of cationically substituted bis-benzimidazoles against experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

On the basis of a previously observed correlation between the antimicrobial activity and DNA binding strength of dicationic molecules, a series of 10 dicationically substituted bis-benzimidazoles were tested for activity in the rat model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. One of the compounds, 1,4-bis[5-(2-imidazolinyl)-2-benzimidazolyl]butane, was found to be more potent and less toxic than pentamidine.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Agricultural injury surveillance: occupational health nurse's role.

1. Iowa farmers die from work related injuries at a rate of two to three times the rate of manufacturing workers. Farming ranks second highest in occupational fatalities in Iowa. 2. While all deaths involved multiple causal factors, the tractor was the most frequent agent of injury causing death. 3. In Iowa, 89% of agriculture related deaths occur in males. 4. Iowa was the first state to require statewide reporting of agriculture related injuries for the purpose of planning interventions.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1992

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces cell-surface Ro/SSA antigen expression by human keratinocytes in vitro: a possible mechanism for the UVR induction of cutaneous lupus lesions.

Antinuclear antibodies are useful markers of connective tissue disease. In this study, UVB but not UVA induced the expression of Ro/SSA antigen on keratinocyte surfaces in vitro. This expression was also found with the extractable nuclear antigens RnP and Sm, but not with single or double-stranded DNA. The expression was prevented by blocking protein synthesis, suggesting that it was an active process. The results suggest that UVB exposure may result in the expression of Ro/SSA antigen on the surfaces of basal keratinocytes in vivo. This antigen could then bind circulating antibody leading to the cutaneous lesions in neonatal and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1992

The effects of hormonal and other stimuli on cell-surface Ro/SSA antigen expression by human keratinocytes in vitro: their possible role in the induction of cutaneous lupus lesions.

Ultraviolet B light (UVB) has previously been shown to induce the expression of the extractable nuclear antigens (e.g. Ro/SSA) on the surfaces of human keratinocytes in vitro. This study assessed whether injurious, metabolic, inflammatory, immunological or hormonal stimuli would also induce this expression or modulate that produced by UVB. No stimulus initiated expression alone, but 17-beta oestradiol doubled that found in response to UVB. These findings confirm the potential role of UVB in the initiation and potentiation of cutaneous lupus lesions and may help to explain the female preponderance of the disease.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1990

Multiple myeloma and bullous lichenoid lesions: an unusual association.

Many associations of lichenoid reactions have been described but this case appears to be a previously unreported association--with multiple myeloma. This case also demonstrates the necessity of a mucosal biopsy with adequate hematologic and serologic investigations to obtain a definitive diagnosis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Analogues of 1,5-bis(4-amidinophenoxy)pentane (pentamidine) in the treatment of experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

A series of 33 analogues of the anti-Pneumocystis carinii drug 1,5-bis(4-amidinophenoxy)pentane (pentamidine) was synthesized for screening against a rat model of P. carinii pneumonia (PCP). Twenty-five of the compounds showed efficacy against PCP when compared to a saline-treated control group. Two compounds, 1,4-bis(4-amidinophenoxy)butane (butamidine, 6) and 1,3-bis(4-amidino-2-methoxyphenoxy)propane (DAMP, 16), were statistically more effective than the parent drug in treating PCP in the rat model of infection. In addition to their activity against PCP, the compounds were also evaluated for antitrypsin activity, ability to inhibit thymidylate synthetase, affinity for DNA, and toxicity. No correlation was observed between the tested molecular interactions of the diamidines and their effectiveness against PCP.

Amidines↗
PubMed1990

Clear ultraviolet blocking lenses for use by PUVA patients.

It is well recognized that patients receiving photochemotherapy (PUVA) need to wear UV-blocking sunglasses on the day of ingestion of 8-methoxypsoralen. For many patients the wearing of tinted sun-glasses causes difficulties because they interfere with colour perception, reduce definition in conditions of low background light and often because they are considered 'cosmetically unacceptable'. In this study the UV-blocking properties of a number of lenses with little or no tint were assessed. The following lenses or lens coatings were found to be suitable for use by PUVA patients: Orcolite UV 400, Orma UVX, Rodenstock Lambda 400, Sola UV Gard 400 and Polaroid polarizing lenses.

Cataract↗
PubMed1990

Oral albendazole for the treatment of cutaneous larva migrans.

Cutaneous larva migrans is becoming more common in the U.K. with the popularity of tropical countries as holiday destinations. We describe the increasing use of a new benzimidazole derivative, albendazole, which is very effective in the treatment of cutaneous larva migrans. In contrast to thiabendazole, it is virtually free from side-effects and should, we feel, become the treatment of choice for this condition.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Does EMLA reduce the discomfort associated with local-anaesthetic infiltration?

The effectiveness of EMLA cream in relieving the discomfort associated with percutaneous infiltration of lignocaine was assessed in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients undergoing minor skin surgery were divided into two groups, according to the number of lesions requiring surgery. The first group had a single lesion and were randomized to apply either EMLA or placebo cream 1 h prior to infiltration, whilst the second group received EMLA to one and placebo to the other of two lesions treated at the same clinic attendance. In neither group was there a clinically useful reduction of discomfort, probably due to inadequate dermal anaesthesia, and we would not, therefore, recommend the routine use of EMLA for this purpose. The most recent evidence suggests that a 2-h application time may give more effective dermal anaesthesia, but this would probably limit its use to occasional problematical cases.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1990

Novel pentamidine analogs in the treatment of experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

We have recently demonstrated that substitution of imidazoline moieties for the amidine groups of pentamidine produces a molecule that is effective against rat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and that is apparently less toxic than pentamidine. For this reason, 10 novel imidazoline substituted compounds were evaluated for their effect against rat P. carinii pneumonia. While several of the new compounds were observed to have advantages over pentamidine in the treatment of disease in the rat model, only one compound stood out as a potential new clinical agent. Treatment for 2 weeks with intravenous (i.v.) doses of 1,3-di(4-imidazolino-2-methoxyphenoxy)propane (DIMP) at 1 mg/kg per day produced an anti-P. carinii pneumonia effect equivalent to i.v. doses of pentamidine at 10 mg/kg per day. Although pentamidine and one of the test drugs, 1,3-di(4-imidazolinophenoxy)propane, showed no activity against P. carinii pneumonia when administered per os, DIMP exhibited potent anti-P. carinii pneumonia activity when given by daily gavage doses of 40 and 25 mg/kg. DIMP retained significant activity when given every other day by a gavage dose of 25 mg/kg. No toxicity was observed with the drug at any of the dose levels or by either of the routes of administration. However, the low solubility of the drug prevented testing at higher i.v. doses. Our conclusion is that DIMP has the potential of providing a safer and more effective alternative to pentamidine for the treatment of P. carinii pneumonia.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Increased collagen-linked fluorescence in skin of young patients with type I diabetes mellitus.

Our objective was to determine whether the fluorescence of skin collagen, which may reflect the accumulation of advanced glycosylation end products, is increased in young patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes. Our study design was a cross-sectional case-control study in a referral-based diabetic clinic in an academic hospital. Study subjects comprised a convenience sample of 18 type I diabetic patients aged 17-30 yr and 8 age-matched healthy control subjects. The fluorescence of collagen was measured in skin biopsy material. Collagen-linked fluorescence (CLF) was increased in diabetic patients (mean 10.5 [range 5.8-15.8] U/mg) compared with control subjects (7.6 [5.6-10.1] U/mg, P less than 0.02). In diabetic patients, CLF was related to age (r = 0.581) and duration of diabetes (r = 0.697) but not concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin (r = 0.082). Partial correlation analysis demonstrated that duration of diabetes is the main factor determining the fluorescence of collagen in these patients. There was a relationship between CLF and presence of diabetic retinopathy after the data were adjusted for patient age and duration of diabetes (P = 0.023). Increased fluorescence of skin collagen can be detected in young type I diabetic patients and is primarily related to duration of diabetes.

Adult↗