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Biomedical subjects

S K Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to S K Gupta.

At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A dot enzyme immunoassay for detection of IgM antibodies against phenolic glycolipid-I in sera from leprosy patients.

A visual dipstick dot enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for diagnosis of leprosy is described. The assay is based on detection of IgM antibodies against phenolic glycolipid (PGL-I) in sera from leprosy patients. The antigen (PGL-I or synthetic disaccharide of PGL-I) was dotted on a nitrocellulose pad stuck on a plastic strip (dipstick). Sera were used at a dilution of 1:200. Peroxidase coupled mouse anti-human IgM monoclonal antibodies were used as the conjugate. A positive test gave a blue dot against a white background. The test was highly specific for leprosy, and was quite sensitive for detection of bacilliferous (BL/LL) leprosy. The antigen dotted and preblocked dipsticks stored at room temperature upto 4 months of observation period, were unable in the assay.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pleural effusions in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A cytomorphologic, cytochemical and immunologic study.

Review of the records of 243 cases of cytologically diagnosed non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) revealed pleural effusions in 21 (8.6%). Cytologic examination of pleural fluid was done in 17 cases, of which 16 were reported as positive. Cytologic examination was supplemented with cytochemical staining (acid phosphatase, alpha naphthyl acetate esterase and periodic-acid-Schiff reactions) and E-rosetting studies in 12 cases. Of the 16 positive cases, 11 were malignant lymphomas consisting of convoluted lymphocytes. Acute lymphatic leukemia of the prothymocytic type (T-ALL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia of the T-cell type (T-CLL) comprised one case each, and there were three cases of follicular center cell lymphomas, two of the cleaved-cell type and one of the Burkitt-type. Comparison of the cytomorphology of the tumor cells in the pleural effusion with those in fine needle aspiration smears from the solid tumors in 14 cases showed an identical appearance in 13 cases; in one, the Burkitt-type lymphoma, the cells were larger and more pleomorphic in the pleural effusion. This study indicates that the cytologic diagnosis and categorization of NHL of the convoluted-cell type is greatly enhanced by the study of neoplastic lymphocytes in a pleural effusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic fine needle aspiration biopsy.

A catheter assembly that can be passed through the biopsy channel of a standard fiberoptic gastroduodenoscope was devised to permit fine needle aspiration biopsy of gastrointestinal neoplasms under direct vision of the endoscope. This technique for endoscopic aspiration biopsy was performed in ten consecutive patients with esophageal and gastric carcinomas, along with the conventional endoscopic brushing and biopsy. Endoscopic aspiration biopsy gave a positive diagnosis in all ten cases while the other two techniques gave inconclusive results in one patient with an ulcerative growth. We feel that endoscopic aspiration biopsy can be used to obtain representative samples from gastrointestinal neoplasms, and it may add to the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic biopsy and brushing cytology.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of COPD.

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Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology smear patterns of malignant melanoma.

The 23 cases of malignant melanoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology from the years 1974 to 1983 were reviewed. The smears showed an abundance of melanin pigment overshadowing the tumor cells in six cases, a pleomorphic cytology in six, a round-cell morphology in four, an epithelial-like appearance in six and a spindle-cell pattern in one. Melanin pigment was readily seen in the May-Grünwald-Giemsa-stained smears in all cases except two, in one of which it was apparent after use of the Schmorl stain for melanin. An interesting observation was the presence of multiple, well-defined clear vacuoles in the cytoplasm of many cells and similar nuclear vacuolization in some cells in smears from ten cases. These cells could be regarded as intermediate forms between the nonvacuolated cells and the hypervacuolated balloon cells. The cause of this vacuolization is probably the result of degeneration and coalescence of melanosomes due to abnormal melanogenesis. These vacuoles were prominent in May-Grünwald-Giemsa-stained smears but were only faintly visible in Papanicolaou-stained smears, which may be the reason why this observation had not received emphasis in earlier reports of the FNA cytologic diagnosis of melanoma, in which the Papanicolaou stain was primarily used.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Photoplethysmographic evaluation of external compressive therapy for chronic venous ulceration.

The photoplethysmograph (PPG) was utilized to evaluate the role of external compression in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency with ulceration (CVIU). Thirty patients with long standing CVIU were evaluated using a PPG probe placed just above the medial malleolus. Venous recovery time (VRT) was calculated after 5 active dorsiflexions. Patients were then retested after an Unna boot had been applied and again, after this had been supplemented by a tight elastoplast wrap. VRT in 10 normal control subjects was greater than 12 seconds (12-30 seconds, mean 19+/-5 seconds). VRT was less than 12 seconds in all tested patients (0-11 seconds, mean 5+/-2 seconds). When an Unna boot was applied, VRT increased to 7+/-2 seconds in 20 patients. An Unna boot and elastoplast wrap increased VRT to 10+/-3 in 25 patients (p less than 0.01).

Bandages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Five year experience with axillopopliteal bypasses for limb salvage.

Over the last 5 years, we have performed 34 axillopopliteal bypasses to salvage threatened limbs of patients in whom standard anatomic or extra-anatomic bypasses had either failed or were not feasible. The indications for these axillopopliteal bypasses, all of which were performed with 6 mm polytetrafluoroethylene grafts, were: (1) severe atherosclerotic disease of the common, superficial and deep femoral arteries which precluded use of these vessels for inflow or outflow for a standard vascular procedure (15 cases); (2) failed aortofemoral bypass with sufficient fibrosis or disease progression in the profunda femoris artery to prevent its use in a reoperation (7 cases); (3) insufficient hemodynamic improvement and failure to heal a foot lesion after an axillofemoral bypass (9 cases); and (4) sepsis in the groin from a previously infected bypass (3 cases). Graft patency was determined by objective measures. Cumulative life table graft patency rates were 77% at 1 year, 51% at 3 years, and 45% at 5 years. Although these rates are not as good as those for our axillofemoral bypasses (75% at 5 years), 22 limbs revascularized by axillopopliteal bypasses were salvaged with function for 1 year and 9 were salvaged with function for 2 years or longer in situations in which no option other than amputation was available. This justifies the continuing use of axillopopliteal bypass in an effort to salvage those limbs imminently threatened with amputation and in which no standard reconstruction is feasible because of disease or infection.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Six year experience with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene arterial grafts for limb salvage.

We have used 822 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts in arterial reconstructions for limb salvage over the last 6 years at Montefiore Medical Center-Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Four hundred and twenty-seven femoropopliteal reconstructions with PTFE had a 6 year cumulative life table patency rate of 55% with follow-up of 76 grafts for more than 3 years and 28 grafts for more than 4 years. Seventy-nine bypasses to the isolated popliteal segment had a 6 year cumulative patency rate of 72%. There were 207 bypasses performed to the tibial, peroneal or dorsalis pedis arteries. Life table patency rates were 55% at 1 year, 40% at 2 years and 37% at 4 years. Ninety-two PTFE femorofemoral and 62 axillofemoral bypasses had 5 1/2 year cumulative life table patency rates of 83% and 75%, respectively. Axillopopliteal PTFE bypasses can salvage otherwise doomed limbs. Thirty-four such grafts had 74% 1 year and 45% 5 year patency rates. The overall infection rate in all 822 PTFE grafts was only 0.5%. Thus, PTFE is a promising vascular prosthetic material which facilitates otherwise difficult or impossible limb salvage procedures.

Adult↗