Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S K Bapat.
Interaction of frusemide and digitalis on frog heart has been studied. It was found that like digitalis, frusemide did not have any effect on normal heart, but restored the normal myocardial contraction of the hypodynamic frog heart. Frusemide induced cardiac arrest when administered during digoxin infusion. It is suggested that interaction of frusemide and digoxin has additive effect.
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The effect of minimal doses of glucagon, administered by intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intracisternal(IC) routes, on urine output in mongrel dogs have been studied. The dose of 2.0 mug of glucagon was found to be the minimal dose for diuresis on peripheral administration. This dose when centrally administered, produced an oliguric effect in animals. This effect was not observed in vagosympathectomised-spinal cord transectomised or adrenalectomised animals. It is suggested that the probable efferents might be the sympathetic fibres as they are present in vagi nerves as well in the spinal cord (26). The observations made in an attempt to find out the organ responsible for the oliguric effect, showed that some substance released from the adrenal cortex has an influence on the kidney's excretory function.
1. Studies were conducted on urine volume and electrolyte excretion chiefly of Na and K in anaesthetized hydrated dogs. 2. Central injection of acetylcholine caused a dose dependent antidiuretic response but without any change in excretion of urinary Sodium (UNa) and Potassium (UK). 3. After central atropinization, antidiuretic response to acetylcholine was partially blocked without any effect on electrolyte excretion. 4. Intracerebroventricularly (I.C.V.) administered acetylcholine after vagotomy and spinalectomy, each done separately and together also elicited an antidiuretic response. There was no effect on electrolyte excretion. 5. It is thus suggested that acetylcholine may be acting on central cholinergic receptors concerned with A.D.H. release.
The effects of minimal doses of insulin administered by intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intracisternal (IC) routes in mongrel dogs, on peripheral blood glucose level (BGL) have been studied. The dose of 0.1 U of insulin was found to be the minimal dose. This dose produced an immediate short lived hyperglycaemia followed by a marked and sustained hypoglycaemia. Both the effects were not observed in spinal cord transected-vagosympathectomised animals. The immediate hyperglycaemic effect was not observed in adrenalectomised animals whereas the subsequent hypoglycaemic effect did not appear only when the liver was removed. In an attempt to identify the precise site of action in the central nervous system (CNS), The cerebellomedullary angles were found to be the most sensitive sites for the action of locally applied insulin. It is suggested that insulin on central administration causes a rise in the BGL by an action on the adrenal glands and subsequently causes a marked fall in BGL by an action on the liver through some nerve fibers.