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S Johnson

Publications and source records attributed to S Johnson.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Linkage analysis between the major histocompatibility system and insulin-dependent diabetes in families with patients in two consecutive generations.

We have histocompatibility (HLA) genotyped 28 families with insulin-dependent diabetics in two or more consecutive generations, usually parent and child. This strategy of ascertainment was used to maximize the likelihood of obtaining a homogeneous type of disease within a family, and an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. 76 diabetics and 169 nondiabetics were studied in these families. The frequencies of the antigens Dw3 and Dw4, and the genotype Dw3/Dw4 among the diabetics are 59, 68, and 30%, respectively, as compared with 15, 12, and 2% in normal controls, and 43, 41, and 10% in the nondiabetic relatives of the diabetics. Dw2 is present in only one diabetic (4%), as compared with 18% in normal controls and 17% in nondiabetic relatives.HLA haplotype concordance was analyzed for sib pairs in relation to the haplotype shared by the affected parent/child pair, and for the diabetic sib pairs within each sibship. The results failed to reveal deviations in the expected HLA haplotype assortment. Assuming an autosomal dominant mode and several penetrance levels, linkage analysis between the HLA and diabetes was performed. The total lod score is 0.37 for a recombination fraction of 0.29 at 50% penetrance. Although the linkage and concordance analysis results are inconclusive, they seem to be different from those reported by us for families with normal parents and two or more diabetic sibs. Because ascertainment biases may have influenced these results in an unquantifiable manner, it is not certain whether the two types of families are genetically different. However, the marked difference in the lod scores for the 50% penetrant autosomal recessive model between the two types of families is compatible with a genetic dissimilarity between them. The high frequency of the Dw3 and Dw4 antigens, the Dw3/Dw4 genotype, and the decreased frequency of Dw2, however, indicate the existence of two or more important diabetic genetic factors associated with the D region of the HLA in these families.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1980

A microcomputer-based research system for the optical analysis of agar-cultured micro-organism colonies.

A system which has been developed for the automatic of agar-cultured microorganism colonies is described. A camera of the line-scanning type is used to scan the plates and details of the hardware and software development are explained. Flow diagrams are included which illustrate the operation of the system, but, as yet, no results are available. The prototype machine is undergoing evaluation testing.

Agar↗
PubMed1979

Positive results from outpatient mental health intervention.

Collected data on 3,342 outpatients over 2 years. A 4-year follow-up of successful outcomes was conducted on each of the cases. Hospitalized patients showed a 30% success rate. The success rate for the group that was recommended for no treatment was 60%. The success rate for patients who completed outpatient treatment increased to 78%. A patient's expectation of outcome, the clinician's assessment of reason for referral, the diagnosis, and age were the most powerful predictors of success. These findings demonstrate the following: (a) procedures for assessment and intervention can be successful; and (b) a significant portion of the population can be served by intervention with proper selection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A circulating humoral pressor agent in Dahl S rats with salt hypertension.

1. In Dahl S rats becoming hypertensive while on a diet of high NaCl content there appears to be a blood-borne humoral agent which produces vasoconstriction in a bioassay using the isolated hindquarters of rats. 2. This vasoconstrictor effect strongly suggests the presence of a humoral pressor agent or the lack of a vasodilator agent in the blood of hypertensive S rats. 3. The vasoconstrictor effect is not due to high renin concentrations. 4. This humoral vasoconstrictor action could partly account for the high vascular resistance in the hypertensive S rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of practice and training in spatial skills on embedded figures scores of males and females.

The effect of practice and training in spatial skills on scores obtained by male and female students on the Embedded Figures Test was examined. Forms A and B were administered 6 wk. apart to three groups of subjects (ns = 28, 27, 27) enrolled in drafting, mathematics, and liberal arts courses. During the pretest-posttest period the drafting students received training while the other two groups served as controls. Analysis indicated (1) no initial sex difference in test scores; (2) liberal arts students differed significantly from drafting and mathematics students, but there was no significant difference between the last two groups; (3) all groups improved with practice; (4) women receiving training improved more than women who did not; (5) there was a trend toward women receiving spatial training scoring more poorly than males receiving training on the pretest, but there was no significant difference on the posttest. These results suggest that sex differences in embedded-figures scores found by many previous experimenters may have been associated with differences in prior experience in spatial skills and by a confounding of sex with area of academic study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Cirrhosis mortality among American Indian women: rates and ratios, 1975 and 1976.

National sex-specific cirrhosis mortality data for 1975 and 1976 are examined for American Indians, and comparisons are made with two other major racial groups. Females account for almost half of the total cirrhosis deaths among Indians, compared to about one-third of the deaths among each of the other two racial groups. The ratio of male to female death rate is about 2 to 1 for Whites and Blacks, and about 1 to 1 for American Indians. In 1975 one out of four deaths among Indian women of ages 35--44 was attributed to cirrhosis. The age-specific mortality rate for Indian women age 35--54 is about 103 per 100,000 in 1975 and about 128 per 100,000 in 1976, compared to about 37 per 100,000 for Black women and 15 per 100,000 for White women for these years. Rates for male Indians exceed those for female Indians and exceed those for White and Black males. Age-adjusted rates are also presented, and potential areas for future research are suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Leiomyosarcoma of the scrotum: a case report with electron microscopy.

A case of leiomyosarcoma of the scrotum is presented. The tumor measured 3 X 2.5 X 2 cm and had been present as a slowly enlarging mass in the right scrotum for three months prior to excision. Light microscopy demonstrated the typical interlacing fasicles of neoplastic cells with eccentric cigar-shaped nuclei and electron microscopy confirmed the neoplastic cells to be of smooth muscle origin. A review of the world's literature revealed this to be the fifth reported case of leimyosarcoma confined to the scrotal wall.

Adult↗