Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Johansson

Publications and source records attributed to S Johansson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Expression of alkaline phosphatase in the mature mouse placenta visualized by in situ hybridization and enzyme histochemistry.

Alkaline phosphatases (APs) are a family of cell surface glycoproteins that are expressed in a variety of tissues. Their physiological functions are still unclear. Three different AP genes have been found to be expressed in mice, and AP cloned from the placenta is of the tissue non-specific (TNAP) type. We have in investigated the location of TNAP mRNA and active AP in mature mouse placenta, using in situ hybridization and enzyme histochemistry on serial sections. Digital image analysis was used to estimate relative amounts of TNAP mRNA. Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase messenger was detected only in the placental labyrinth, whereas active AP was present both in the labyrinth and in a zone of cells at the margin of the decidua basalis, bordering the myometrium and the metrial gland. This latter location of AP activity has not been described previously. The AP-positive zone of the decidua had a condensed appearance and a central defect in the zone was visible on sections taken from the middle of the placenta. No TNAP messenger was found in the zone of AP-positive decidual cells.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Large-scale production of Vibrio cholerae toxin B subunit for use in oral vaccines.

By systematically manipulating promoter and ribosome binding structures, plasmid copy number and the structure of the cholera toxin B (CTB) subunit gene, we were able to develop a plasmid expression system that, when used in conjunction with an optimized growth medium, provided yields of CTB approaching one gram per liter. The CTB protein which was secreted to > 95%, could readily be purified from the growth medium of a V. cholerae production strain and was shown to be immunologically indistinguishable from previously used vaccine preparations of native or recombinant CTB.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Subjective symptoms and well-being differ in women and men after myocardial infarction.

The frequency of subjective cardiac and psychological complaints among men and women a year after a confirmed diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) were compared. Among 660 survivors, 595 patients completed mailed questionnaires at home one year after the MI. There were 421 men, mean age 67.1 +/- 10.7 years, and 174 women, mean age 72.1 +/- 10.6 years. Controlling for the significantly higher mean age among the women, the latter more often had a previous history of angina pectoris, 54.6% (P < or = 0.05) versus 42.9%, and heart failure, 24.7% versus 13.5% (P < or = 0.01). Despite these facts, the women were significantly less often referred to CCU, 82.2% versus 91.7% (P < or = 0.05). One year after the MI, controlling for differences in age and co-morbidity, women reported significantly higher frequencies of psychological and psychosomatic complaints, including sleep disturbances. These differences may have clinical implications for diagnosis and treatment of women with coronary heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Urinary fibronectin in diagnosis and follow-up of patients with urinary bladder cancer.

The levels of fibronectin in urine from 106 patients with urinary bladder cancer, from 13 patients with benign urological disease and from 24 healthy control individuals were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The fibronectin levels in urine from patients with bladder cancer were higher than in patients with benign urothelial disease and in healthy controls. In 9 patients with bladder cancer, sampling was done both pre- and post-operatively. In these cases the fibronectin levels after operation were significantly lower than they had been before. Among 14 patients treated with BCG intravesically for superficial bladder tumours, those with complete remission of disease had less urinary fibronectin than those who did not respond to treatment. The data suggest that urinary fibronectin may be a useful marker for detecting urinary bladder cancer and for selecting patients for BCG treatment.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1993

Practical aspects of 3,4-diaminopyridine treatment of the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.

3,4-Diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP) given alone or combined with pyridostigmine is the recommended basic therapy in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). We present and exemplify our routine test protocol for monitoring drug introduction and treatment regimen of cholinergic drugs in LEMS. The individual drug responses vary and no recommended standard doses exist. Routine electrophysiological repetitive nerve stimulation studies recording amplitude of initial compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in thenar muscles correlate excellently with clinical myasthenic muscle power tests in clinically affected muscle groups. Therefore repetitive clinical muscle power tests, that often are complicated by painful myalgia and activation potentiation, can be replaced by recordings of CMAP in the introduction and clinical follow up of cholinergic drug treatment in LEMS. Also, adverse effects and other treatment problems from the experience of continuous treatment of 19 LEMS patients with 3,4-DAP for up to 10 years are presented.

4-Aminopyridine↗
PubMed1993

[Functional level, care needs and family-based care for home-care recipients with extended care needs].

A study of home care and home health services was undertaken in three Swedish municipalities. Persons who received extended home care and home health care were interviewed. The interviews covered different themes such as impairments, care needs, functions and activities in the horizontal social network (the informal network), and opinions concerning how care is and should be provided. A modified ADL-index was used to assess the functional level of daily living. Care needs were measured by the judgement of the care recipient, and by the interviewer's judgement. The correspondence between these measures was high, with some exceptions. Lower correspondence between the measures was obtained for three categories of care recipients: individuals with communicative dysfunctions, younger individuals with reduced ability to move and, thirdly, individuals with psychosocial problems. Problems concerning measurement of care given by family members were also identified and discussed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

[For better, for worse. A study of women caring for relatives].

Eight women who all were engaged in care for a relative of some kind were interviewed. The women were of different age. The conclusions drawn from this case study are mainly of a hypothesis-generating character. Knowing a lot about few people facilitates an exposition of possible relations. Some of the women performed extensive and forgoing efforts, often unsalaried. Caregiving relatives in such a situation is a group at risk from a health political perspective. Wives living together with the care subject their husband, seem to be especially exposed to risk. It is an important task for the social services to be aware of the vulnerable situation for the caregiving relatives. The analysis of caregiving situations is made at three levels--the valuation, the practical action and the experience. No absolute relationship between these three levels could be found. Three mechanisms seem to be important for the experience of the caregiver, namely the incentives for making these efforts, the autonomy and being visible.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Single K(+)-channel currents under steady-state potential conditions in small hippocampal neurons.

Small cultured hippocampal neurons from rat embryos were studied with the patch-clamp technique. Single-channel currents from outside-out membrane patches were recorded under steady-state potential conditions. The most frequently found channel types were selective to K+ and showed conductances of about 30 and 80 pS in the range -20 to 0 mV. Two basic kinetic patterns were observed for the 80 pS channels. In one type, the fraction of time spent in open state increased with potential, and in the other type it decreased. For both types of 80 pS channel, the distribution of dwell times in the open state was well described by the sum of two exponentials while three exponentials sometimes were required for dwell times in the closed state. The time constants of the fitted exponentials could vary considerably during an experiment.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Disulfide arrangement of human insulin-like growth factor I derived from yeast and plasma.

The disulfide arrangement of yeast derived human insulin-like growth factor I (yIGF-I) was determined using a combination of Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease mapping, fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry as well as amino acid sequence and composition analysis. Three disulfide bridges were found between the following cysteine residues: Cys6-Cys48, Cys47-Cys52 and Cys18-Cys61. IGF-I isolated from human plasma (pIGF-I) was found to have an identical disulfide configuration. A yeast-derived isomeric form of IGF-I (yisoIGF-I) exhibited an altered disulfide arrangement: Cys6-Cys47, Cys48-Cys52 and Cys18-Cys61. Radioreceptor analysis of pIGF-I and yIGF-I showed high specific activity, 20,000 U/mg. However, yisoIGF-I demonstrated a severely reduced ability to bind to the IGF-I receptor (19%) and was less potent in provoking a mitogenic response in Balb/C 3T3 fibroblasts (50% at doses 10-100 ng/ml). The data demonstrate the importance of correct disulfide arrangement in IGF-I for full biological activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Separation of fibronectin from a plasma gelatinase using immobilized metal affinity chromatography.

Conventional preparations of plasma fibronectin are known to contain a co-purifying gelatinase [1986, J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4363-4366], but so far useful methods to remove the protease have not been available. In this study a number of different methods were tested in order to achieve separation of the two proteins. Immobilized metal affinity chromatography was found to be efficient for this purpose, and a convenient procedure to separate the two proteins under nondenaturing conditions on chelating Sepharose charged with Co2+, Ni2+, or Zn2+ is described. An alternative method employing pH gradient elution of an Fe3+ gel also resolved fibronectin from the gelatinase. The Fe3+ gel bound both proteins at pH 6.0 but not at pH 7.4, suggesting that the two proteins were phosphorylated. The described procedures will now allow studies of the functions of fibronectin in the absence of the contaminating protease.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1992

Impulses of variable amplitude recorded from cell-attached patches on small hippocampal neurons.

Small cultured neurons from embryonic rat hippocampus were investigated with the cell-attached configuration of the patch-clamp technique. The currents associated with spontaneous cellular impulse generation were studied. The positive peak current amplitudes varied by a factor larger than 2.5 for 11 of 12 cells quantitatively investigated, suggesting underlying action potentials of variable amplitude. A simple RC-network was found to describe the properties of the patch membrane, and was used to calculate the underlying potential time course. The action potentials computed showed a considerable variation in amplitude. The results suggest that the impulse variability previously analysed with the whole-cell technique was not caused by dialysis of the cell interior.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1992

cDNA cloning and sequencing of rat alpha 1-macroglobulin.

cDNA clones coding for the plasma protease inhibitor alpha 1-macroglobulin were isolated from a rat liver library. The obtained cDNA sequence contained 4701 nucleotides and had an open reading frame coding for a 1,500 amino acid long protein, including a 24 amino acid signal peptide. The identity of the deduced protein sequence as alpha 1-macroglobulin was established by comparison with published peptide sequences of the protein. The mature protein shares 53% and 57% overall amino acid identity with the two other identified members of the rat alpha-macroglobulin family, alpha 1-inhibitor 3 and alpha 2-macroglobulin. A sequence typical for an internal thiol ester was identified. Of the 24 cysteines, 23 are conserved with alpha 2-macroglobulin. However, instead of the two most C-terminal cysteines in alpha 2-macroglobulin, which forms a disulfide bridge in the receptor binding domain, alpha 1-macroglobulin contains phenylalanine. One mRNA species hybridizing with the alpha 1-macroglobulin probe was observed in rat and mouse liver RNA (approximately 6.2 kb), whereas no corresponding transcript was detected in RNA from human liver.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Laminin and its neurite outgrowth-promoting domain in the brain in Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients.

Immunocytochemistry, radioimmunoassay, immunoblotting, Northern analysis, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique were applied to investigate the distribution of laminin and its neurite outgrowth domain in brains of neuropathologically verified cases of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome. New antibodies against a neurite outgrowth domain of laminin were characterized and were used in localization of this peptide antigen in the human brain. Laminin was found as large punctate deposits in all plaques in the affected brains. Laminin synthesis was increased as assessed by RNA blotting and immunoblotting, and glial cells were heavily immunoreactive with antibodies for a neurite outgrowth-promoting peptide antigen of the B2 chain of laminin. This peptide antigen not only was produced by glial cells but also was deposited in the brain tissue. As this peptide antigen promotes neurite outgrowth at low concentrations, and is specifically neurotoxic at high concentrations, it may play a synergistic role with other molecules in inducing the sprouting and neurodegeneration occurring in brains of patients with either Alzheimer's disease or Down's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Control of cisplatin induced emesis--a multidisciplinary intervention strategy.

A pharmacological, behavioural and nursing intervention strategy was evaluated for prevention of cisplatin (50 mg m-2) induced emesis in ovarian cancer patients. 46 patients received metoclopramide 2.5 mg kg-1 i.v., b.i.d., dexamethasone 20 mg i.v., lorazepam and biperiden as well as training in relaxation, nutritional advice and continuity in nursing care. Controls (n = 34) received standard treatment (metoclopramide 10-20 mg i.v. or dixyracin 20 mg i.v.). The intensity and duration of nausea and vomiting were significantly lower and measures of quality of life higher for patients on the experimental ward during the three cycles that were studied. No significant changes in emesis were observed between the cycles. There was no correlation between emesis and any of the parameters of quality of life measured. The reliability and validity of nausea ratings are discussed and we suggest that an underreporting of nausea and vomiting might be common.

Adult↗