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Biomedical subjects

S Jha

Publications and source records attributed to S Jha.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Use of amphotericin B in drug-resistant cases of visceral leishmaniasis in north Bihar, India.

Thirty-four multidrug-resistant cases of Indian visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) were treated with amphotericin B. A complete hemogram, liver and renal function tests, determination of serum electrolyte levels, a chest radiograph, and an electrocardiogram were done before, during, and after completion of therapy. Assessment for clinical and parasitologic cure was done weekly. Thirty-one patients who completed treatment had full cure after receiving 10-15 injections at six-months follow up. One patient died of myocarditis. A febrile reaction was observed in all cases, while thrombophlebitis was found in six cases (18.75%). Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting were found in seven cases (21.88%). No significant nephrotoxicity or electrolyte disturbances were observed. It is concluded that amphotericin B is an effective second-line drug for Indian visceral leishmaniasis, but unpredictable drug-induced myocarditis remains a problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Sympathetic skin response and autonomic dysfunction in diabetes.

Study was conducted on 34 middle aged (35-52 years) diabetics of either sex to compare autonomic function in patients having and not having symptoms of dysautonomia. Fifteen age/sex matched healthy non-diabetic volunteers were control. No symptom of autonomic insufficiency was present in 19 (55.8%) while 15 (43%) diabetics had dysfunction in form of episodic syncope, vertigo, and palpitation, all on postural change. Tests of autonomic functions were restricted to evaluation of salivation, lacrimation, sweating, pilomotor response, reflex erythema and blood pressure changes with valsalva, posture and cold pressor. SSR was elicited using 5 stimuli on programmed Neuropack II and IV model machine. In asymptomatic diabetics, tests of autonomic functions were normal and comparable to controls but SSR was not recordable in 8 (42%). In remaining 11 (58%) asymptomatic diabetics, it was recordable. In 15 subjects who had symptoms of autonomic dysfunction, 6 (40%) had positive test of autonomic function but SSR was normal in only 5 (34%) and not recordable in 10 (66%) subjects. We conclude that SSR can be used as a easy, sensitive and probably early indicator of autonomic functions.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Combination therapy in Kala-azar.

128 untreated cases of Kala-azar were divided in 4 equal groups of 32, Group A was treated with Sodium Stibogluconate (SSG) in the dose of 20 mg/kg/body wt. for 30 days. Group B was treated SSG plus allopurinol in the dose of 20 mg/kg/body wt. orally in divided dosage for 30 days. Group C received SSG plus Ketoconazole 600 mg orally in divided dosage for 30 days. Group D in addition to SSG also received levamisole in single oral daily dose of 13 mg/kg/body wt. for 30 days. Response of Group B, C and D was compared to Group A. Results from this study revealed combination of allopurinol with SSG to be statistically not superior to SSG alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effect of age on P300 wave.

30 healthy elderly males (mean age 77.4 +/- 4.3 yrs) were subjects in this study. Equal number of young males (mean age 22 +/- 3.5 years) and middle aged subjects (mean age 46 +/- 3.2 years) served as control. P300 wave was estimated using a Neuropack 4 model of Nihon Kohden EMG machine. We observed a significantly increased latency, poorly defined and non reproducible P300 wave in 90% old subjects while in young the latency was in normal limits and the wave was well defined and reproducible. We presume P300 could serve as a future potential marker of the neurophysiological basis of aging.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1994

Some observations on clinical, cognitive and neurophysiological changes in subjects consuming indigenous alcohol.

Sixty-two subjects in age range of 25-50 years consuming more than 300 ml of alcohol daily, and an equal number of age matched non-alcoholic volunteers serving as control were tested. Their clinical and neurological evaluation, including electrophysiology was carried out. Their cognitive functions were measured using the modified WAIS system. In alcoholics there was a significant impairment of cognition, especially in orientation, attention and immediate recall. Their P300 wave was grossly abnormal as compared with the controls. Other electrophysiological investigations (EEG, NCV, EMG, BAER, VER) were normal. It is concluded that cognition may be grossly impaired in chronic alcoholics, which may not manifest clinically but is observed only after formal testing.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Negative autoregulation by Ultrabithorax controls the level and pattern of its expression.

The Drosophila homeotic gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx) encodes transcriptional regulatory proteins (UBX) that specify thoracic and abdominal segmental identities. Ubx autoregulation was examined by manipulating UBX levels, both genetically and with an inducible transgene, and monitoring the effect of these manipulations on the expression of Ubx and Ubx-lacZ reporter genes. Positive autoregulation by Ubx is restricted to the visceral mesoderm, while in other tissues Ubx negatively autoregulates. In some cases, negative autoregulation stabilizes UBX levels, while in others it modulates the spatial and temporal patterns of UBX expression. This modulation of UBX expression may enable Ubx to specify distinct identities in different segments. The upstream control region of Ubx contains multiple autoregulatory elements for both positive and negative autoregulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effect of sodium valproate on serum amylase in epileptics.

Thirty-eight patients of generalised tonic-clonic seizures of epileptics in the age group of 15-30 years were included in this study. Of these 20 were started sodium valproate afresh and 18 already taking it for more than one year prior to inclusion. Serum amylase and serum valproic acid levels were measured in all of them, initially and at every 3 months interval for 9 months. Though no clinical evidence was present, there was significant increase in serum amylase levels in both the groups which has no correlation with dose or serum valproic acid levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Platelet aggregation in migraine.

This study was conducted on forty male patients aged 17-35 years, suffering from migraine. Platelet aggregation was evaluated in them twice, once in the aura and headache phase of migraine and the other during the period in which patient was asymptomatic. We observed significant increase in platelet aggregation during the aura and headache phase of the migrainous attack in comparison to the headache-free interval. Platelet hyperaggregability may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of migraine.

Adult↗