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Biomedical subjects

S Jain

Publications and source records attributed to S Jain.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Pheochromocytoma: a 10-year experience in a tertiary care North Indian hospital.

BACKGROUND: The study was carried out to highlight the clinical and biochemical profile of patients with pheochromocytoma in a tertiary care center of North India. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty consecutive cases of pheochromocytoma admitted over a period of 10 years to our Institute were analyzed. The chief clinical complaints of these 30 patients (17 males and 13 females, mean age 24+/-7 years) were palpitation (80%), headache (77%), sweating (60%), breathlessness (67%) and flushing (56%). The clinical triad of headache, flushing and sweating occurred in 26.7% of cases. On clinical examination, 97% of the patients were hypertensive and 16.6% presented with malignant hypertension. Laboratory measurements showed that the levels of 24-hour urinary vanillylmandelic acid were elevated in 80% of cases. Levels of plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline were raised in 78% and 79% of cases, respectively. Anatomical localization of the tumor on computerized tomographic scan showed the presence of an adrenal tumor in 80% and extra-adrenal tumor in 20%. Surgical removal of the tumor could be carried out in 28 cases following control of the blood pressure with antihypertensive drugs including alpha and beta adrenoreceptor blockers. CONCLUSIONS: Pheochromocytoma should be suspected in all young hypertensive persons. The appropriate therapy for this tumor is surgical removal preceded by adequate blood pressure control including the use of alpha and beta adrenoreceptor antagonists.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Celiac disease presenting as iron-deficiency anemia in northern India.

BACKGROUND: Adult celiac disease is infrequent in India. Iron-deficiency anemia as its presenting manifestation is still rarer. METHODS: We investigated patients with refractory iron-deficiency anemia attending the hematology clinic of a tertiary-care hospital for celiac disease. The diagnosis of celiac disease was based on histology, serology and response to treatment. RESULTS: Of 19 patients with refractory iron-deficiency anemia seen from April 1998 to March 2000, 11 were diagnosed to have celiac disease. Four of these had abnormal D-xylose test and 3 had fat malabsorption. All 11 patients responded to gluten-free diet with improvement in hematological parameters. CONCLUSION: Patients with refractory iron-deficiency anemia of unknown cause should be investigated for subclinical celiac disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of ARIMA model in adjustment of seasonal and non-seasonal variations in births of Ontario.

"The objective of this paper is to justify the use of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models for birth time series data of the province of Ontario [Canada]." The results show that the model provides satisfactory short-term forecasts. "It shows that along with seasonal varations, non-seasonal variations due to reporting etc. must be taken into account for interpreting similar time series data." (summary in FRE, ITA)

Americas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renovascular hypertension due to Takayasu's arteritis among Indian patients.

Over a 16-year period, 205 patients with hypertension were shown to have a renovascular aetiology. Of these, 125 (61 per cent) had Takayasu's arteritis, 58 (28.3 per cent) had fibromuscular dysplasia, 16 (7.8 per cent) had atherosclerosis, five (2.4 per cent) had polyarteritis nodosa and one (0.5 per cent) had renal artery aneurysm. Among patients with Takayasu's arteritis, males were affected as commonly as females. The mean age of these patients at the time of detection was 26.8 +/- 8.6 years (range 5-52 years). Type I arteritis was seen in nine (7.2 per cent), Type II in 40 (32 per cent) and Type III in 76 (60.8 per cent) patients. The abdominal aorta was involved in 117 (93.3 per cent) patients. Takayasu's arteritis was associated with ulcerative colitis in two patients and with renal amyloidosis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with a nephrotic syndrome in one patient each. Surgical intervention consisting of bypass procedures, autotransplantation or nephrectomy was performed in 17 (13.6 per cent) and angioplasty in nine (7.2 per cent) patients. Cure and improvement in blood pressure was observed in 82.4 per cent and 77.8 per cent respectively. Adequate control of blood pressure was achieved with drugs only in 22 (22.2 per cent) patients. A definite cause and effect relationship could not be established between any infective or immunological disorder and Takayasu's arteritis. Takayasu's arteritis is a far more common cause of renovascular hypertension in Indian population than fibromuscular dysplasia or atherosclerosis, which are more common in the western population.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chylothorax in a patient with ovarian tumour.

A rare case of chylothorax complicating sex cord tumour of ovary in a young girl is being reported here. It was successfully managed by using a multipronged strategy consisting of chemotherapy, total parentral nutrition and bleomycin pleurodesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of selective beta 1-blocker in the preoperative preparation of thyrotoxicosis: a comparative study with propranolol.

Subtotal thyroidectomy was performed for hyperthyroidism on 130 patients; 95 treated before surgery with propranolol (Group I) and 35 given only metoprolol before surgery (Group II). These patient groups were compared with reference to preoperative medication, operative and immediate postoperative course, and late results with follow-up for one to five years. Clinical response was 100% in group II and 94.7% in group I. The median length of preoperative treatment was 7.96 +/- 1.84 days in group I and 6.25 +/- 1.73 days in group II (P less than 0.05). There were no serious adverse effects of the drugs in either treatment group. No anaesthesiologic or cardiovascular complication occurred during operation in either group. Ten patients in group I (10.5%) and six patients in group II (11.4%) observed hyperthyroid manifestations in the immediate postoperative period, eliminated by the administration of the propranolol/metoprolol, and no case of thyroid storm occurred. One patient in group II developed clinical hypocalcaemia. Two patients, one in each group, presented temporary unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. There were two recurrences of toxicity in group I (2.1%) and none in group II. Hypothyroidism occurred in 3 patients (2.3%) two of them were from group I and one was from group II. The postoperative hospital stay was 4.62 +/- 1.61 days in group I and 2.81 +/- 1.32 days in group II (P less than 0.05). One patient from group I died on the third postoperative day due to pulmonary oedema. The results suggest that metoprolol can be safely used and offers the advantages of desired clinical response, shorter preoperative preparation time, simplicity of dosage and shorter postoperative hospital stay in comparison to propranolol for preoperative treatment of hyperthyroidism.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The significance of some significant features of breast milk.

The composition of milk shows reasonable species variation. Further, the composition in a given mother changes with the stage of lactation. It appears reasonable to assume that nature arranges the secretion of milk of a composition which is best suited for an infant. The colostrum, secreted during the first five days of lactation, has higher concentration of total protein, lactoferrin, and immunoglobulins but lower concentrations of fat and lactose. The milk secreted from day 6 through 15 is called transitional milk because its composition is intermediate between that of colostrum and mature milk which follows. Even in mature milk, small changes in composition go on throughout lactation. Further, if the infant is preterm, the composition of milk is different, and its appears to be more suitable for the premature infant. A large number of biochemical differences are now known between human milk and animal milk. Although the significance of several of these differences is not known, enough is known to explain why breast milk is better digested and more protective against infections. Besides, some constituents of breast milk might also have a role to play in growth and metabolism of the infant.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatoglyphics in leprosy.

In the present study, dermatolyphic parameters were analysed in the handprints of 25 LL/BL, 25 TT/BT and 25 healthy persons, by printer's ink method. Frequency of loops, were more on right hand and whorls were more on left hand in LL patients as compared to normal healthy controls. In TT the whorls were less frequent than in controls. The a-b ridge count in LL patient has shown insignificant difference from control while the same in TT was significantly decreased (P less than 0.05). Distance between distal wrist crease and axial triradius was significantly decreased in LL as compared to normal (P less than 0.05), whereas no such decrease was observed in TT patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Phonomechanocardiographic study of congestive myocardiopathy].

There were studied 14 patients with congestive myocardiopathy demonstrated by cardiac catheterism at nine, echocardiogramme at five and/or necropsy at four. There were registered mytral insufficiency blowings at thirteen and tricusp insufficiency blowings at five. Of them, there were 11 that presented pathologic noises III and IV. Right apexcardiogramme showed growth of such cavity at the twelve patients that were studied. "a" index of the same precordiogramme had qualitative correlation with systolic pulmonary pression. Apexcardiogramme showed ventricular growth at twelve from thirteen patients and "a" index was also qualitatively correlated with direct deermination of the left ventricule's telediastolic pression. Chronocardiometry was anormal at all of them. Short expulsive period, long pre-expulsive period, expulsion's fraction diminution reckoned by this method and systolic quotient, all of them diminished, translated the cardiac expense fall by "pump" fail. Elongation of pre-isosystolic phase, isosystolic phase, true isosystolic phase, and diminution of ventricular pression's elevation middle velocity and contractility index were consequences of myocardic contraction's bad quality. Decrement of ventricular pression's elevation velocity, added to the important elevation of left ventricle's final diastolic pression determined the "pseudonormality" of IIa-0 interval, and of the integrated isovolumetric pression. Shortening of fast filled's phase is explained by a minor ventricular filled in order to the volume's increase and diastolic pression's increase (Board VII). By last, shortening of Q-IIa interval, coinciding with the cardiac frecuence's increase is explained by catecolamins' increased secretion like compensating mechanism of chronic cardiac insufficiency. Phonomechanocardiogramme is useful for entity's diagnostic and it informs about ventricular disfunction which characterise the suffering.

Adolescent↗