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Biomedical subjects

S J Yang

Publications and source records attributed to S J Yang.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Preparation and diagnostic application of monoclonal antibodies against Schistosoma japonicum].

The present paper reported on an anti-CCA monoclonal antibody, McAb-IIID 10, which could be used in determinations of both parasite-oriented circulating antigens and specific anti-CCA antibodies. The established competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) using McAb-IIID 10 to detect schistosome-antibodies showed high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis with few cross-reactions. In field trials, coincident rates in 3 separate batches of serum samples when subjected to double-blind detections were obtained. A total of 1,915 serum samples had been determined by C-ELISA, among them 113 acute cases achieved a 100% positive rate, 765 chronic and 25 late cases showed 96.3% and 72% positive respectively. 70% of the 66 cured schistosomiasis cases turned to be negative. None of the 750 normal individuals showed positive reactions. No cross reaction was found in 27 sera from hydatidosis, whereas 1 and 2 positive reactions were found in 43 paragonimiasis sera and 126 clonorchiasis sera respectively. The established McAb-IIID 10 involved Dot-ELISA was found of value in the assessment of effective chemotherapy and showed a high negative conversion rate of 97.9% in 48 cured schistosomiasis patients. In 16 experimentally infected rabbits, 12 became negative in Dot-ELISA determinations at the 8th week post treatment, and the remaining 4 treated ones, the titer as well as the reaction intensity were also found reduced. A good coincidence rate was also found between C-ELISA and Dot-ELISA, their detection results may be complementary each other.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Detection of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites in liver pus by the indirect fluorescent antibody test for the aetiological diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess.

The indirect fluorescent antibody test was used to detect trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica in liver pus aspirated from patients with amoebic liver abscess. The test can be carried out in no more than two hours. Trophozoites with fluorescence were observed in 17 of the 18 patients with amoebic liver abscesses who were studied. Cells with fluorescence were not found in any negative control specimens from patients with bacterial liver abscess, primary liver cancer, cirrhosis or tuberculous peritonitis. These results indicate that this sensitive, specific and rapid test is very useful in aetiological diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

T lymphocyte subsets in leprosy. A study of 24 Egyptian patients.

Phenotypic analysis was done on 24 Egyptian leprosy patients and 11 healthy controls. The type of leprosy, duration of disease at the time of testing, and age were found to affect T cell subset distribution. As compared with controls, neural leprosy tended to have a decreased total T cell percentage, borderline leprosy an increased T suppressor cell percentage, and reactional borderline leprosy an increased T helper/suppressor ratio. Patients with the disease for less than 1 year had a higher mean percentage of T suppressor cells and a lower mean T helper/suppressor ratio than patients with leprosy for more than 1 year. The same was true in older (50-70 years old) versus younger (12-41 years old) patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Suprasternal M-mode echocardiography of the right pulmonary artery as a model for investigation of pulmonary hemodynamics in essential hypertension.

The right pulmonary artery (RPA) dimensions of 85 asymptomatic mild or moderate hypertension (HT) patients, divided into 6 subgroups according to the left ventricular (LV) mass index (125g/m2 BSA) left atrial (LA) dimension index (2.2cm/m2 BSA), and 40 normal subjects were studied utilizing suprasternal M-mode echocardiography in order to examine the consistency of the elevated PA pressure in essential HT and to understand its pathogenesis. The RPA dimension at late diastole, at the end of the right ventricular isovolumic contraction, and at systole in the subgroup of HT without LV hypertrophy and LA enlargement was significantly increased compared with those of the normal group (18.4 +/- 2.8 vs 16.2 +/- 2.3mm, 19.6 +/- 3.0 vs 17.2 +/- 1.3mm, 22.5 +/- 2.5 vs 20.8 +/- 1.9mm, p less than 0.05, respectively) and varied in close correlation with systolic and diastolic BP and the dimension of the aorta. The dimensions in the other 5 subgroups were the same and were not further affected by the LV mass and LA dimension. The above results suggest that elevated systemic BP per se is associated with the dilation of the RPA supposedly caused by increased PA resistance, besides the backward effect of the increased LV and/or LA pressure which may affect the increase of PA pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Respiratory hospital infections of patients with a tracheostomy].

The increase in size and numbers of general hospitals in the process of conspicuous development of modern medicine has been accompanied by a serious increase in hospital acquired infections. Hospital acquired infections cause pain and discomfort, may threaten life, adds an economic burden, and delays recovery and return to society. Even though respiratory hospital infection rates resulting for tracheostomy and respiratory inhalation therapy, may be low, they are serious because of their bad prognosis and high mortality rates. This study was designed to assess certain aspects of respiratory infections of patients with a tracheostomy and thus provide baseline data for further research related to preventive or therapeutic nursing interventions. The specific objectives were to determine the incidence of colonization in the trachea, clinical signs, type of colonized bacteria and sensitivity to antibiotics. Data were collected from July 1 to December 10, 1989 at two university Hospital in Seoul. Subjects were 20 patients with a tracheostomy admitted to the Intensive Care Unit or Cerebral Vascular Accident Center. Clinical signs related to respiratory infection were observed using a checklist based on previous study outcomes. Bacterial culture, sensitivity test to antibiotics, WBC counts and chest X-ray were also performed. Cultures were done on the day of tracheostomy, and on the third, fifth and seventh day. Cultures were then done on seventh days after the first colonization. The results were as follows: 1. The incidence of bacteria colonization in a week was 90% (18 patients); 50% (10/20 patients) on the day of tracheostomy, 70% (7/10 patients) on the third day, and 0% on the fifth day, and 33% (1/3 patient) on the seventh day. 3 of 18 patients (16.7%) were colonies of mixed growth isolated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

[The control of catheter-associated urinary tract infection: an experimental nursing study. This study examined the effect of daily meatal care on the urinary tract infection rate of an experimental group].

The purpose of study was to confirm theory about the effectiveness of routine meatal care on the reduction of catheter-associated urinary tract infection. The study was carried out at a university hospital from September 1, 1987 to April 17, 1989: 32 patients with a foley-catheter were studied. The study compared the urinary tract infection rate of an experimental group with that of a control group and tested the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacteria. The experimental group (16 patients) was given daily meatal care with 10% Betadine for periods ranging from 4 to 21 days. The control group (16 patients) was not given that care. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The urinary tract infection rate of the experimental group was 50.0%, and that of the control group 43.8%. There was no significant difference between the groups. 2. Organisms isolated in the control group were bacteria 100%, and in the experimental group bacteria 50% and fungus 50%. The most common organisms of the 15 strains isolated in the total group were Staphylococcus coagulase negative (3 patients), and E-coli (3 patients). 3. Most of bacteria isolated in this study were sensitive to Norfloxacin, but resistant to Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Kanamycin, Tetracycline, and Erythromycin. Hence the importance of controlling catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Findings suggest the need to search for other sources of infection, further experimentation controlling various sources of urinary tract infection and larger groups of subjects.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of kappa-opiate receptor antagonist MR-2266-BS on ACTH and prolactin release].

The effect of intravenous injection of different doses of MR-2266-BS, a selective antagonist of kappa-opiate receptor, on plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and prolactin (PRL) in conscious male rats bearing an intrajugular cannulae was assessed. The results revealed that the MR-2266-BS of 3 mg/kg completely blocked the restraint stress-induced increase in plasma ACTH levels, and further elevated plasma PRL levels in these animals, while there were no effects on the resting levels of ACTH and PRL. MR-2266-BS of 6 mg/kg significantly increased the resting levels of plasma ACTH and also further elevated the restraint stress-induced increase of plasma ACTH and PRL. The present data suggest that kappa-opiate receptor and its endogenous ligand may be involved in the regulation of the resting and restraint stress-induced release of ACTH, and their action appears to be both stimulatory and inhibitory. Furthermore, kappa-opiate receptor and its endogenous ligand may only inhibit the stress-induced release of PRL.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1988

Changes in T-cell subsets after radiation therapy.

The T-cell subsets of 129 patients with cancer were counted before and after radiation therapy. The cells were labeled with monoclonal antibodies that were specific for each type of T cell. Significant changes after therapy were decreases in the proportion of T-helper/inducer cells, pan-T cells, and in the ratio of T-helper/inducer to T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells. There was an increase in the percentage of T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells. When the site of the primary cancer was considered, genitourinary cancer and cancer of the head and neck both showed a decreased percentage of T-helper/inducer cells and a reduced ratio of T-helper/inducer to T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells. The percentage of pan-T cells in head and neck cancer and the ratio of T-helper/inducer to T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells in breast cancer were decreased. The percentage of T-helper cells was particularly decreased by radiation therapy in advanced stages of cancer, in higher grade tumors, and in larger tumors. The absolute numbers of various T-cell subsets were decreased in all groups.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Inactivation of alpha-glucosidase by the active-site-directed inhibitor, conduritol B epoxide.

Conduritol B epoxide is an active-site-directed inhibitor of some glucosidases. The inactivation of alpha-glucosidase (alpha-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.20) from Monascus ruber by conduritol B epoxide is irreversible and first-order with respect to time and inhibitor concentration. The inactivation is prevented by the presence of the substrate maltose. The pH-dependence of Vmax for maltose indicated the participation of two dissociating groups with pK values of 4.1 and 5.8 in the enzyme-substrate complex. Modification of the alpha-glucosidase with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride led to loss of activity, which suggests that a carboxyl group(s) is located at the active site of alpha-glucosidase.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1985

Temperature effect on mitoxantrone cytotoxicity in Chinese hamster cells in vitro.

The effect of heat on 1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-bis[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethylamino]-9, 10-anthracenedione dihydrochloride (DHAD; mitoxantrone, NSC 301739) cytotoxicity was studied in V79 Chinese hamster cells. An overnight exposure to the drug at 40 degrees C enhanced drug damage in chromosome aberrations, culture growth, and cellular reproductive integrity. Preincubation of cells overnight in medium containing no drug at this temperature also showed some enhancement in subsequent DHAD lethality (at 37 degrees C as well as 43 degrees C). Short exposures (1 h) to DHAD at 43 degrees C was more damaging than were exposures at 37 degrees C. This was also true for cells in the plateau phase of culture growth. As compared with exponentially growing cells, plateau-phase cells were more resistant to DHAD.

Animals↗