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Biomedical subjects

S J Rune

Publications and source records attributed to S J Rune.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Acute relief of epigastric pain by antacid in duodenal ulcer patients.

Thirty-six duodenal ulcer patients participated in a randomized controlled trial of the immediate effect of a liquid antacid preparation (Link) and placebo on epigastric pain. The patients recorded the effect of a total of 143 doses of antacid and 148 doses of placebo. Marked or complete relief of pain 30 min after ingestion was found after 62% of the antacid doses and after 52% of the placebo doses. The average effect of antacid was better than the effect of placebo in 21 patients, worse in 8 and equal in 7 patients. This difference in favour of antacid is statistical significant (p less than 0.05) and therefore it is concluded that antacid is more effective than placebo in relieving epigastric pain in duodenal ulcer patients, although the therapeutic gain is small.

Antacids↗
PubMed1979

Cimetidine assay in human plasma by liquid chromatography.

An assay for the determination of cimetidine in human plasma is described. Cimetidine was extracted from alkalized plasma with ethyl acetate, washed once over hydrochloric acid, re-extracted into ethyl acetate, and the organic phase was evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in ethanol and injected into a liquid chromatograph. In vitro sulphoxidation was found to occur in whole blood, for which reason the assay was performed in plasma. The accuracy of the method was found to be within 3% and the lower limit for sensitivity was demonstrated to be 0.1 mg/l using 750 microliters plasma. Five volunteers received 1 g cimetidine perorally per day given in four doses with various intervals. Blood samples were drawn hourly, five dose intervals over two days. The average minimum concentration of plasma cimetidine was found to correlate significantly with the mean value of the area under the time/concentration curve over a period of three dose intervals (r = 0.96).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Physiological significance of secretin in the pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. I. Responsiveness of the secretin-releasing system in the upper duodenum.

In nine normal subjects intraduodenal pH was measured by means of a glass electrode placed in the passage from the first to the second part of the duodenum. The physiological variations in pH were simulated by intraduodenal injection of 2.5, 5, or 10 ml of 0.1 mol x 1(-1) HCl and subsequent neutralization by injection of bicarbonate. A total of 26 injections of acid was followed by a pH spike from a median pH of 7.0 to a median of pH 2.1 Median spike duration was 45 sec. The concentration of secretin in plasma increased from a median of 1.2 pmol x 1(-1) to a peak value of 2.2 pmol x 1(-1) after 4 min. It is concluded that the secretin response to a brief acidification of the first 4--6 cm of the duodenum is sufficient to explain the physiological variations in the concentration of secretin in human plasma.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1979

Physiological significance of secretin in the pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. II. Pancreatic bicarbonate response to a physiological increase in plasma secretin concentration.

The pancreatic response to physiological concentrations of secretin obtained after minute boluses of exogenous secretin was studied in 16 normal volunteers. Output of bicarbonate into the duodenum was measured by duodenal aspiration in 5 subjects and by endoscopic cannulation of the pancreatic duct in 11 subjects. Pure natural porcine secretin was injected intravenously in doses of 125, 250, and 500 fmol x kg-1 body weight (0.0013, 0.0027, and 0.0054 clinical units x kg-1). All three doses of secretin increased plasma secretin concentration, duodenal bicarbonate concentration, and duodenal bicarbonate output significantly. The bicarbonate output measured by the two techniques did not differ significantly. The increments in median plasma secretin concentration were 1.6, 3.0, and 6.4 pmol x 1(-1) after secretin, 125, 250 and 500 fmol x kg-1, and the corresponding 15-min bicarbonate output 283, 442, and 1435 micromol, respectively. The concentrations of secretin in plasma found after these doses of secretin are of the same order of magnitude as the secretin concentrations found during physiological conditions in man. It is concluded that the physiological concentrations or secretin influence pancreatic bicarbonate secretion.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1979

Prophylactic effect of cimetidine in gastric ulcer patients.

Nineteen patients entered a double-blind randomized trial of the prophylactic effect of cimetidine in gastric ulcer disease. The diagnosis of gastric ulcer had been established endoscopically prior to the trial, but at the time of entry the patients were symptom-free and their ulcers had healed. The patients received either cimetidine, 400 mg twice daily or inactive tablets. Ten cimetidine-treated patients completed 12 months' treatment without suffering a recurrence of symptoms, whereas 5 of 9 placebo-treated patients suffered a symptomatic relapse after 7 to 18 weeks (P less than 0.025). In 4 of the 5 patients an ulcer was found at gastroscopy. It is concluded that maintenance treatment with cimetidine helps to prevent symptomatic relapses in gastric ulcer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Prophylactic effect of cimetidine in duodenal ulcer disease.

Fifty-seven symptom-free patients with duodenal ulcer entered a double-blind trial to assess the prophylactic effect of cimetidine. Patients were randomly allocated to receive cimetidine 400 mg twice daily (29 patients) or placebo (28 patients). The trial was designed to imitate daily clinical practice, so duodenal ulcer disease was diagnosed by means of x-ray examination. Three patients from each group withdrew from the trial. All remaining patients continued to receive treatment for 12 months or until symptoms recurred. Three out of 26 patients suffered relapses during cimetidine treatment, compared with 20 out of 25 receiving placebo. No side effects were attributable to cimetidine. Long-term cimetidine treatment had no curative effect as relapses occurred soon after treatment was stopped. The estimated chance (cumulative remission rate +/- 2 SE) of remaining symptom-free 13 weeks after one year's cimetidine treatment had been completed was 47 +/- 21%. Maintenance treatment with cimetidine is a suitable alternative to elective in surgery in patients with duodenal ulcer subjects frequent relapses. Further study is needed to establish the optimal duration and safety of prolonged cimetidine treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cimetidine in patients with gastric ulcer: a multicentre controlled trial.

Forty-five adult outpatients with endoscopically confirmed gastric ulceration completed a double-blind trial of either cimetidine (1 g/day) or placebo. After six weeks 18 of the 23 patients receiving cimetidine showed complete ulcer healing compared with only six of the 22 patients receiving placebo. The cimetidine group also had fewer days with pain than the placebo group but the difference was not statistically significant. Cimetidine therefore seems to promote healing of gastric ulcers without severe side effects, although its effect on pain is less pronounced than in patients with duodenal ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

On the quantitation of Iso-amylases in serum and the diagnostic value of serum pancreatic type amylase in chronic pancreatitis.

The object of this study is to elucidate whether the quantitative determination of serum pancreatic type iso-amylase can be used as a diagnostic test for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. We describe the normal appearance of serum amylase zymograms produced with an agarose electrophoresis technique and the reference values from studies of 142 normal subjects for salivary and pancreatic type amylases. The patient group comprises 95 cases assumed to be representative of a patient population in which verification or exclusion of a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis is of importance. In this group exocrine pancreatic function has been assessed by means of the Lundh meal test. We find that a low serum pancreatic type amylase value indicates the presence of a reduced exocrine pancreatic function (p = 0.96), and that a normal or elevated serum pancreatic type amylase value excludes the presence of a severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (p = 0.91). We also describe the occurrence of an abnormal amylase fraction which may be of diagnostic significance in pancreatic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of gastric hypersecretion on the canine duodenum.

The neutralization of acid introduced into the duodenum has been found to be less intensive in patients with duodenal ulcer than in controls. The present work studied the possibility that chronic gastric hypersecretion injures the duodenal mucosa and thereby influences the neutralization system. Gastric hypersecretion was provoked for 3 weeks in 3 dogs by a daily injection of a gastrin preparation with prolonged effect. After a subcutaneous injection of this preparation given together with a test meal the acidity of both gastric and duodenal contents was found to increase significantly. After the 3 weeks of gastric hypersecretion the pancreatic bicarbonate response to exogenous secretin was unchanged, while the bicarbonate response to duodenal acidification was decreased from 2.03 mEq/30 min to 1.27 mEq/30 min (p less than 0.05), compatible with an impaired secretin release. Also the concentration of lactase, maltase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase in mucosal biopsies from the second part of the duodenum was significantly reduced (p less than 0.001). These results indicate that gastric hypersecretion causes mucosal damage in the duodenum and thereby reduces the release of secretin.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗