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Biomedical subjects

S J Robboy

Publications and source records attributed to S J Robboy.

141 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A double-blind randomized study on the effects of red clover isoflavones on the endometrium.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a red clover-derived isoflavone extract on the Ki-67 proliferative marker of endometrial biopsies in 45-to 50-year-old perimenopausal women. We hypothesized that we would be able to detect a decrease in the Ki-67 proliferative index during the late follicular phase after a 3-month course of approximately 50 mg red clover isoflavones. Isoflavones have been found to have some antiestrogenic effects, and an antiproliferative effect during the perimenopausal period may be especially useful owing to the excessive endometrial proliferation often characteristic of this period. DESIGN: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled study, 30 women between the ages of 45 and 50 years consented to an endometrial biopsy before and after a 3-month course of either placebo or active isoflavone extract. The biopsies were timed as close as possible to days 7-11 of the menstrual cycle, and simultaneous measurements of transvaginal endometrial thickness, uterine artery Doppler, hormone profiles, lipids, and bone markers were performed. RESULTS: Of 30 women, 2 did not return for a second biopsy, and a third had an unsuccessful second biopsy. Four subjects were excluded from the Intention to Treat analysis because they did not have a menstrual bleed within the time frame of the study (3 subjects) or were tested on day 13 instead of between days 7 and 11 of the cycle (1 subject). There was no change in the Ki-67 proliferation index after treatment in either group. Eight subjects in the placebo group and eight in the P-07 group had proliferative endometrial biopsies that were synchronized with estradiol levels at baseline and post-treatment, and analysis of these subjects revealed no detectable change in the relationship between estradiol levels and Ki-67 with treatment in either group. There was no change in fasting lipids, bone markers, uterine Doppler resistance, or pulsatility index. CONCLUSION: In this small pilot study, we did not find, using immunohistochemical quantification of the Ki-67 antigen, that red clover isoflavones had an antiproliferative effect in the endometrium. Small sample size, examination of a relatively short interval in the menstrual cycle, and isoflavone formulation may have contributed to our lack of findings; however, we believe that the issue of isoflavones and their possible antiproliferative effect is deserving of further study. A simpler physiological model with less hormonal variability, such as healthy, recently menopausal women on predetermined doses of estrogen, may prove to be more informative.

Cell Division↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infantile chlamydial conjunctivitis. A comparison of Papanicolaou, Giemsa and immunoperoxidase staining methods.

The use of conjunctival smears to diagnose infantile Chlamydia trachomatis infection increased sixteen-fold in our hospital between the years 1979 and 1984. The present study was conducted to compare Papanicolaou and Giemsa staining methods with the avidin-biotin technique of immunostaining utilizing a highly specific antichlamydial monoclonal antibody. On retrospective review of 33 patients, chlamydial infection was diagnosed in 61% of the Papanicolaou-stained and 64% of the Giemsa-stained slides. After the Papanicolaou-stained slides were destained and immunostained with the antichlamydial antibody, round particles corresponding in size to elementary and reticulate bodies were readily seen in 79% of the cases. In comparison with the immunoperoxidase method, the sensitivity and specificity of Papanicolaou staining were 73% and 86%, respectively, while the corresponding figures for Giemsa staining were 77% and 100%, respectively. The study established the applicability of the immunoperoxidase method to this clinical condition, confirmed the accuracy of diagnoses with routine stains and highlighted the increasing incidence of chlamydial conjunctivitis in our hospital population.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human papillomavirus infection. Frequency and association with cervical neoplasia in a young population.

One million, six hundred thirty-two thousand, eight hundred forty-seven women from two independent populations in the United States received cytologic screening during a two-year period. Condylomatous lesions (human papillomavirus [HPV] infections) were the most frequent cytologic abnormality in women in both the Planned Parenthood and private sector groups (prevalence rates of 18.6 to 19.0 in women between ages 15 to 19). The prevalence rates of mild-to-moderate dysplasia were also similar in both populations, with the highest frequencies being between ages 25 to 29. Severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ were most frequent between ages 35 to 39. In both populations, women with condylomatous changes coexisting with dysplastic changes were about ten years younger, grade-for-grade of severity of the lesion, than women without evidence of HPV infection. Since HPV infection is believed to represent the soil from which neoplasm develops, both the frequency of condyloma and the occurrence of dysplasia and cancer in young women suggest that women should begin regular screening programs while in their teens or after they become sexually active.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vaginal and cervical abnormalities, including clear-cell adenocarcinoma, related to prenatal exposure to stilbestrol.

A variety of vaginal and cervical abnormalities have been encountered in the offspring of women who have taken stilbestrol or chemically related nonsteroidal estrogens during pregnancy. Cervical erosion has been noted most often, but vaginal adenosis has been proven by biopsy in over 30 percent, and transverse vaginal and cervical ridges have been seen in approximately 10 percent of the exposed population. Although the use of these drugs had been widespread during the last two decades, the Registry of Clear-Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Genital Tract in Young Females has been able to collect only 170 cases of vaginal and cervical cancers of this type from all over the world. It is important that cytologists and pathologists become familiar with the various non-enoplastic and neoplastic disorders related to these hormones in order that additional epidemiologic, clinical and pathological information be acquired without delay.

Adenocarcinoma↗