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S J Nillius

Publications and source records attributed to S J Nillius.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effects of prolonged luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone therapy on follicular maturation, ovulation and corpus luteum function in amenorrhoeic women with anorexia nervosa.

Nine amenorrhoeic women with anorexia nervosa (AN) were given long-term treatment with 500 microgram of synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) every 8 h. All the women had impaired luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and no evidence of endogenous oestrogen production. Three of them also had deficient follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. The pituitary reserve capacity for gonadotrophin secretion was normal but the response pattern to LRH was similar to that described in prepubertal girls. The constant administration of LRH normalized basal LH and FSH secretion and induced a cyclical gonadotrophin secretory pattern with differential changes of the LH and FSH responses to LRH during the treatment. LRH-induced gonadotrophin secretion produced follicular growth and maturation in all the women. Presumptive ovulation also occurred during the 8 treatment courses in which only LRH was administered. However, inadequate luteal phases were observed during 6 of these 8 cycles. Combined therapy with LRH and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) during 5 treatment courses resulted in normal ovulatory cycles with adequate corpus luteum function.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical course and outcome of pregnancies in amenorrhoeic women with hyperprolactinaemia and pituitary tumors.

Seventeen term pregnancies occurred in 14 amenorrhoeic women with hyperprolactinaemia and radiological evidence of pituitary tumour. The abortion rate was high (32%). All but one of the term pregnancies occurred after ovulation-inducing treatment with human gonadotrophins and bromocriptine (four and 12 pregnancies respectively). Two of the 14 women had visual complications during pregnancy, but neither had serious residual visual impairment. Two patients had possible pituitary enlargement during pregnancy.Bromocriptine may be the most suitable primary treatment for many infertile women with prolactin-secreting tumours. Tumour complications during pregnancy are a definite risk, but most pregnancies went uneventfully to term. Patients with pituitary tumour should be carefully evaluated before starting ovulation-inducing treatment with bromocriptine alone, and they should be told of the possible risks and of the advantages and disadvantages of pretreatment with irradiation or surgery. Patients should be carefully monitored during pregnancy and have their visual fields checked frequently. If visual complications due to tumour enlargement occur during a pregnancy, reinstituting bromocriptine may be the treatment of choice. If this fails, other forms of treatment such as induction of labour, high-dose corticosteroid treatment, pituitary implantation of yttrium-90, or surgery may be effective.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

Regression of a prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor during long-term treatment with bromocriptine.

A nulliparous woman with 12 years of amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and hyperprolactinemia and radiologic evidence of a pituitary macroadenoma was treated with large doses of bromocriptine. During treatment the greatly increased prolactin levels normalized and ovulatory menstrual cycles were regained after 48 weeks of treatment. A transsphenoidal surgical exploration of the pituitary fossa was performed after 27 months of treatment. The findings at surgery suggested that regression of the pituitary adenoma had occurred during the prolonged treatment with bromocriptine. After discontinuation of the therapy, the patient continued to ovulate and subsequently conceived.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Serum prolactin and gonadotrophin levels before and after luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the investigation of amenorrhoea.

An intravenous luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) test was performed in 287 women with amenorrhoea. Prolactin, progesterone and oestrogens in serum were also measured. Twenty-four women with premature ovarian failure and 9 with gonadal dysgenesis had raised basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Neither the basal luteinizing hormone (LH) level nor the gonadotrophin responses after LRH gave a better separation of this group of women with irreversible ovarian failure. Measurement of prolactin levels were valuable in that 15 of 42 patients with hyperprolactinaemia had a radiologically abnormal pituitary fossa, whereas pituitary fossa abnormalities were found in only 11 of 245 normoprolactinaemic women. It was thought that 181 women had functional amenorrhoea; 54 per cent of these women had developed amenorrhoea in relation to weight loss and 32 per cent in relation to discontinuation of oral contraceptives. A strong correlation was found between the body weight and the basal gonadotrophin levels. The basal LH levels were correlated with serum oestrogen levels, the basal FSH level and the LH response to LRH. Most of the patients with low basal LH values had developed amenorrhoea in relation to self-imposed weight-loss. The responses to LRH were often impaired in the underweight patients but became normal after weight gain. The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) could not be diagnosed by measuring either basal or LRH-stimulated gonatrophin levels. Single FSH and prolactin determinations in serum seemed to be the only indispensible hormone assays in the routine clinical evaluation of amenorrhoea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Prolactin.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1978

Inhibition of ovulation in women by chronic treatment with a stimulatory LRH analogue--a new approach to birth control?

A stimulatory luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) analogue D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LRH was administered subcutaneously once daily in a dose of 5 microgram to four regularly menstruating women. Treatment was instituted within the first three days of the menstrual bleeding and continued for 22--30 days. Ovulation was inhibited in all the women during the treatment cycle. The treatment resulted in disturbances in the pituitary gonadotropin secretion which presumably led to disordered follicular menuration and anovulation. The maximum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) responses to the LRH analogue were obtained during the first few days of treatment. The gonadotropin responses then rapidly decreased during the prolonged treatment. This change in the pituitary responsiveness probably prevented the release of a normal preovulatory LH surge. After the treatment, all the women resumed normal ovulatory menstrual cycles. The results suggest that it might be possible to use stimulatory LRH analogues for birth control.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Inhibition of ovulation in women by chronic treatment with a stimulatory LRH analogue - a new approach to birth control?

A stimulatory luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) analogue D-Ser (TBU)6-EA10-LRH was administered subcutaneously once daily in a dose of 5/microgram to four regularly menstruating women. Treatment was instituted within the first three days of the menstrual bleeding and continued for 22--30 days. Ovulation was inhibited in all the women during the treatment cycle. The treatment resulted in disturbances in the pituitary gonadotropin secretion which presumably led to disordered follicular maturation and anovulation. The maximum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) responses to the LRH analogue were obtained during the first few days of treatment. The gonadotropin responses then rapidly decreased during the prolonged treatment. This change in the pituitary responsiveness probably prevented the release of a normal preovulatory LH surge. After the treatment, all the women resumed normal ovulatory menstrual cycles. The results suggest that it might be possible to use stimulatory LRH analogues for birth control.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hyperprolactinaemia in amenorrhoea - incidence and clinical significance.

Prolactin concentrations in serum were determined in 287 women with amenorrhoea. The incidence of hyperprolactinaemia was 14.6 per cent. All but 4 of the 31 women with persistent hyperprolactinaemia had galactorrhoea. Radiological signs suggestive of a pituitary tumour were seen in 48 per cent of the hyperprolactinaemic women, while only 4.5 per cent of the 245 normoprolactinaemic women had abnormal sellar X-rays. All the patients with prolactin concentrations above 100 microgram/1 had radiologically abnormal sellae, but lower prolactin levels did not rule out the existence of even large pituitary tumours. The hyperprolactinaemic women with normal and abnormal sellae and a control group of healthy women in the early follicular phase all had similar mean basal FSH and LH levels with one exception, the group with abnormal sellae had lower basal LH levels than the control group. There was no difference in the mean FSH and LH responses to LH-RH between the hyperprolactinaemic women with pathological sellae and the control group while the hyperprolactinaemic women with normal sellae had higher responses than the other two groups. Prolactin determinations were found to be superior to other pituitary hormone estimations for identifying patients who are at risk of having pituitary tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Progesterone-induced augmentation of pituitary gonadotrophin responses to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in oestrogen-pre-treated amenorrhoeic women.

Modulating effects of oestradiol--17 beta and progesterone on the pituitary responsiveness in luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) were investigated in 12 women with functional amenorrhoea. The pituitary reserve capacity for gonadotrophin section was investigated with repeated intravenous LRH tests before and after administration of oestradiol-1 beta followed by either progesterone or saline. Intramuscular injection of 1 mg of oestradiol-17 beta benzoate resulted in a suppression of both the basal gonadotrophin levels in serum and the gonadotrophin responses to LRH 24 h later. Progesterone, 25 mg im, was then administered in eleven experiments. Six h later, when the mean serum progesterone level had increased to levels similar to those seen in the early post-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle, there was a marked augmentation of the pituitary capacity to release both luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in response to LRH. This was not found in eight experiments where saline was given instead of progesterone after oestrogen pretreatment. These findings suggest that the greatly increased pituitary sensitivity to LRH at midcycle may be caused not only by the oestradiol increase in blood during the late follicular phase but also in part by the small pre-ovulatory rise of progesterone during the mid-cyclic LH peak. Furthermore, they add further support to the hypothesis that progesterone as well as oestradiol is involved in the induction of the LH peak at mid-cycle. Progesterone may be of importance to secure the release of enought LH for ovulation and normal corpus luteum formation to occur.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone treatment for induction of follicular maturation and ovulation in amenorrhoeic women with anorexia nervosa.

Follicular maturation and ovulation can be induced in amenorrhoeic women with anorexia nervosa by long-term treatment with 500 mug of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) every eight hours. In some women, however, treatment with LH-RH alone results in ovulatory menstrual cycles with indications of luteal phase insufficiency. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was therefore given with LH-RH during three treatment cycles. This resulted in ovulation and normal corpus-luteum function, as shown by the occurrence of a single pregnancy in the only involuntarily sterile patient. During the prolonged LH-RH treatment the LH response to LH-RH increased in parallel with the increased oestrogen secretion while the follicle-stimulating hormone response to LH-RH decreased. These changes in the pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH may result from modulating effects on the pituitary by the sex steroids.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Successful induction of follicular maturation and ovulation by prolonged treatment with LH-releasing hormone in women with anorexia nervosa.

Four women with anorexia nervosa were treated with synthetic LH-releasing hormone (LRH) in an attempt to induce ovulation. All the women had very low pretreatment levels of gonadotropins and estrogens. Administration of LRH resulted in significant gonadotropin increases. The FSH response to LRH in relation to the LH response was higher than in regularly menstruating women. LRH (500 mug) was administered parenterally three times daily over about 4 weeks. During this period there were no significant effects on mood, eating behavior, weight, or libido. All the women responded with follicular maturation and ovulation to the prolonged LRH treatment.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗