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Biomedical subjects

S J Lachman

Publications and source records attributed to S J Lachman.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Processes in perception: psychological transformations of highly structured stimulus material.

To investigate psychological determinants of the fact that perception is often nonveridical, stimulus items (mostly groups of letters) were presented tachistoscopically to 100 subjects. A 50-msec. exposure maximized opportunity for misperception. A substantial proportion of subjects misperceived, and as many as 88% reported identical misperceptions of various stimulus items. Many of the misperceptions were regularizations of the stimulus in the direction of the more familiar, i.e., transformations in the direction of a similar physical stimulus frequently encountered in the past. Results are explained in terms of principles of (1) perceptual insertion (UNIVERITY became UNIVERSITY), (2) perceptual deletion (HOSPPITAL became HOSPITAL), (3) perceptual transposition (WAHSINGTON became WASHINGTON), and (4) perceptual modification (UNCONSCICUS became UNCONSCIOUS). These processes are believed to operate in ordinary everyday observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Psychological perspective for a theory of behavior during riots.

In a riot situation some individuals actively participate in antisocial behavior, but others do not, and still others act to discourage hostile activity. Four concepts from general psychology including (1) insufficiency of internal control or lack of internalized restraints acquired through learning, (2) effects of frustration, (3) emotional excitement, and (4) precipitating incidents (one or more) are proposed as contributors to the behavioral involvement of participants. Some hypotheses and the role of such variables as emotional contagion, imitation, opportunism, and anonymity are discussed.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗