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Biomedical subjects

S J Kogan

Publications and source records attributed to S J Kogan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Ileal segment replacement of ureter. I. Effects on kidney of refluxing vs nonrefluxing ileovesical anastomosis.

Unilateral partial ureteral obstruction was induced in 32 dogs followed by total ileal replacement of the obstructed ureter. The morphologic and functional effects on the kidney using a freely refluxing versus a nonrefluxing ileovesical anastomosis were compared, as well as the effect of total tapering of the reimplanted ileal segment. The tapered ileovesical anastomosis proved more reliable for prevention of reflux than the nontapered technique. Reflux prevention does not appear necessary for maintaining renal morphology and function when bladder function is normal and the observation period short. Total tapering of the ileal segment did not prove to be advantageous in protecting against hyperchloremic acidosis in this short-term canine study.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ileal segment replacement of ureter. II. Dynamic characteristics of refluxing, nonrefluxing, and totally tapered ileal ureter.

The pressure characteristics and cinefluoroscopic appearances of a refluxing, nonrefluxing, and totally tapered ileal " neoureter " were compared in 22 dogs with normal bladder function. The totally tapered ileal segment with a reflux preventing ileovesicostomy simulates normal ureteral peristalsis most closely on cinefluoroscopic evaluation. Pressure gradients across the ileovesical junction though were similar in refluxing and nonrefluxing ileovesicostomies , as well as in totally tapered ureters.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Dermal graft correction of extraordinary chordee.

Severe degrees of primary chordee and persistent or recurrent chordee following previous surgical attempts at correction present a challenging problem. Inadequate resection of involved tissues, which may involve all layers of the penile investiture, or recurrent scarring of the ventral skin, Buck's fascia and tunica albuginea is usually the cause. Reoperation to achieve penile straightening often is unsuccessful unless all chordee-bearing tissue is resected extensively. Excision of large segments of tunica albuginea or wide separation of the margins creates a defect that tends to heal by dense scarring unless the defect is bridged by a graft. Various autogenous materials have been used, including blood vessel, fascia, free fat graft, dermis and tunica albuginea, as well as prosthestic materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, with varying results. A series of patients with extensive chordee is presented in whom tunical resection was necessary to achieve penile straightening. The results of free dermal graft replacement of the tunica are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The posterior approach for bilateral nephrectomies in children with end-stage renal failure.

The posterior approach for bilateral nephrectomies in preparation for renal transplantation has not been previously described in children. Thirteen cases are presented. Ileus was strikingly absent in all cases. Morbidity was minimal. This approach is recommended in preference to subcostal or transperitoneal procedures for bilateral nephrectomies in selected children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Urodynamics in children. Part I. Methodology.

We evaluated 237 children for various disorders in the urodynamic laboratory. A total of 334 studies was done, using a 6-channel recorder combined with a portable fluoroscopic unit. Simultaneous recordings of intravesical pressure, intra-abdominal pressure, urine flow rate, external urethral electromyography and cystourethrography were obtained during bladder filling and voiding. These objective tests have provided us with an insight into the nature of a variety of voiding dysfunctions in children. Details of the methods used for urodynamic testing in these children are outlined and compared to other methods that have been proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Urodynamics in children. Part II. The pseudoneurogenic bladder.

We evaluated 83 children for recurrent urinary infections, day and night urinary incontinence or both for more than 1 year in the urodynamic laboratory. Bladder instability and/or bladder sphincter dyssynergia was encountered in 74 children. Pharmacologic manipulation of detrusor and sphincter function and biofeedback therapy were highly successful. Routine and random urethral dilation, urethrotomy and fulguration, and/or resection of ill-defined urethral obstructions is unwarranted. Rational treatment requires individualization based upon an objective evaluation by thorough and careful urodynamic testing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Use of pre-existing ureterocutaneous anastomosis as conduit in renal allotransplantation.

This report details 2 patients with unusable bladders whose renal allografts were anastomosed to an existent end cutaneous ureterostomy. The literature on renal allotransplants into intestinal conduits is reviewed. Use of existent, mature end cutaneous ureterostomies is suggested as an alternative to an intestinal conduit in patients with unusable bladders who require renal allografts.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The value of the negative radionuclide scrotal scan in the management of the acutely inflamed scrotum in children.

Torsion of the testis remains a clinical diagnosis and confirmatory testing is not required when the classic signs and symptoms are present. Conflicting laboratory data or adjunctive diagnostic studies should not dissuade the surgeon from exploration when the clinical index of suspicion is high. In those patients having equivocal clinical findings when the diagnosis of torsion is not clear-cut radionuclide scrotal imaging may be useful. In this series a negative scrotal scan at the time of acute scrotal pain did predict reliably the diagnosis of non-torsion, suggesting that in the appropriate clinical setting scrotal imaging is useful in avoiding surgical exploration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Static testicular imaging utilizing 201Tl.

Successful testicular imaging of rat and rabbit testes was achieved utilizing the radiopharmaceutical Thallium-201. These observations indicate the usefulness of Thallium-201 as an agent for testicular imaging and suggest a clinical application in localizing the impalpable testis in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Endocrine tests in phenotypic children with bilateral impalpable testes can reliably predict "congenital" anorchism.

Congenital anorchism is a rare condition. Bilateral impa-pable undescended testes are relatively common by comparison. Surgical exploration has been regarded as the final arbiter between anorchism and bilateral cryptorchism. Exploration has not proved completely reliable in making this differentiation. Endocrine studies, particularly the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) stimulation test together with measurements of basal plasma gonadotropins, can reliably exclude "functioning" testicular tissue. Eleven fully evaluated and operated cases support this contention. In the specific clinical setting of a normal phenotypic male child with a 46XY karyotype and no müllerian structures palpable on rectal examination, nonfunctioning testes on endocrine testing means congenital anorchism and surgical confirmation is unnecessary. In contradistinction, a positive HCG test would appear to mandate through and extensive surgical exploration.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Prolapsing urethral polyp in child with hypospadias.

This report details the first published case of a urethral polyp presenting as a prolapse through the proximally displaced meatus of a child with hypospadias. Urethral obstruction, a symptom common to other reported urethral polyps, was absent. The congenital nature suggests a benign neoplastic process as the etiologic factor.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

The micropenis syndrome: clinical observations and expectations for growth.

We reviewed 34 genotypic male subjects with a true micropenis to determine the clinical situations in which micropenis is encountered and the types of therapy resulting in growth. The relationship of clinically functioning testicular tissue to growth is noted. Diagnostic modalities, including human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation, are discussed, as well as a plan for individual assessment and therapy.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗