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Biomedical subjects

S J Gordon

Publications and source records attributed to S J Gordon.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Sonoendoscopic evaluation of extraesophageal and extragastric abnormalities: a review.

A conventional fiberoptic gastroscope was modified to incorporate a 9-MHz transducer 7 cm from the tip. Conventional fiberoptic gastroscopy could be performed simultaneously with sonoendoscopic evaluation of the esophagus and gastric, extraesophageal, and extragastric areas. The instrument was utilized to evaluate intra- and extra-luminal abnormalities of the mediastinum and upper abdomen. This paper presents our data on extraluminal disease. Small hepatic and pancreatic tumors were identified, occasionally with more accuracy than conventional imaging studies. Additionally, mediastinal tumors, gastrointestinal tumors, and cardiac abnormalities were also clearly demonstrated.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1985

Cytomegalovirus infection of the colon: a possible role in exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease.

An exacerbation of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease associated with the appearance of cytomegalovirus nuclear inclusion bodies in the colon was observed in two patients. In one, improvement in the colitis after withdrawal of corticosteroids suggested cytomegalovirus as the cause of the exacerbation. A review of the 16 reported cases of inflammatory bowel disease with cytomegalovirus superinfection of the colon indicates a high mortality rate (seven of 16), a frequent association with toxic dilatation of the colon, and a clinical course sufficiently severe to require colectomy in 10 of 16 patients. For exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease associated with evidence of cytomegalovirus infection of the colon which are refractory to medical management withdrawal of corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive therapy should be considered. If necessary, early colectomy may be an appropriate alternative.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Sonographic examination of the mediastinum and upper abdomen by fiberoptic gastroscope.

A prototype fiberoptic gastroscope with a 9 MHz transducer 7 cm from its tip was used to evaluate intrinsic and extrinsic abnormalities of the upper abdomen and mediastinum. Small hepatic and pancreatic tumors were identified, often with more clarity than when other imaging modalities were used. The instrument clearly defined intrinsic bowel wall lesions including focal and diffuse disease. Bowel wall thickness was identified, and exact wall dimensions were measured. In addition, unsuspected pericardial, mitral, and aortic valvular disease was detected. These preliminary results suggest a new complementary imaging modality.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Insulin-pump therapy.

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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of the 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase assay for ursodeoxycholic acid, and 7 oxo- and 12 oxo- bile acids.

3 alpha-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (SDH) quantifies ursodeoxycholic acid, 3 alpha,12 alpha-diol-7-one-5 beta-cholanoic acid, 3 alpha-ol-7-one-5 beta-cholanoic acid, and 3 alpha,7 alpha-diol-12-one-5 beta-cholanoic acid in a manner similar to the more commonly measured bile acids, exemplified by taurocholic acid. The type of oxygen function at the 7 or 12 position and its orientation at the 7 position has no effect on the rate of reaction of the enzyme. Discrepancies in the glycine/taurine ratios of patient intestinal aspirates containing ursodeoxycholic acid and oxo bile acids, obtained by SDH and gas-liquid chromatographic methods are not a result of the enzyme assay procedure.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1979

Structure of bile acids associated with secretion in the rat cecum.

An isolated in vivo rat cecal loop technique was utilized to determine what structure of bile acids is required to stimulate net colonic secretion of water and sodium. A dose response curve for water and sodium movement was determined for deoxycholic acid (1-6 mM) and chenodeoxycholic acid (3-6 mM). Both of these bile acids were associated with significant secretion of water and sodium at 4 mM concentration. Therefore, this concentration was used for all test bile acids studied. Test solutions included the tri- and di-substituted bile acids: cholic acid, hyocholic acid, 3 alpha, 7 beta, 12 alpha-trihydroxycholanic acid, 3 alpha, 12 alpha-dihydroxy-7-ketocholanic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, 3 alpha-hydroxy-7-ketocholanic acid, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-dihydroxycholanic acid, and hyodeoxycholic acid. Only three bile acids, deoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and 7 alpha, 12 alpha-dihydroxycholanic acid were associated with net secretion of water and sodium. Cecal histology after incubation with bile acids revealed mucosal alterations in those sacs in which secretion occurred, but not where absorption was noted. These data indicate that bile acid-associated water and sodium secretion in the rat cecum requires a specific bile acid structure with a definite spatial relationship of the hydroxyl groups. Secretion occurred only with two alpha-hydroxyl groups in either the 3, 7, or 12 positions.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Bacterial populations of the small intestine in uremia.

The small intestinal bacterial flora of 15 patients with chronic renal insufficiency was compared with that of subjects with blind loop synDROME. 9 patients were on regular hemodialysis with high protein intake and 6 (serum creatinine 7.5 to 12.5 mg/dl) were maintained on low protein diet. The chronic renal patients harbored a greatly increased microbial flora of both anaerobes and aerobes in the duodenum and jejunum, quantitatively comparable to those in blind loop subjects. The composition did not differ significantly in the two groups. Some organisms may have the potential to metabolize substrates which reach the intestinal lumen from the diet and bile, and perhaps to generate toxic metabolites that could contribute to uremic toxicity or malabsorption.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1976

Abnormal intestinal bile acid distribution in azotaemic man: a possible role in the pathogenesis of uraemic diarrhoea.

Proximal intestinal bile acids have been studied in 14 ambulatory patients with varying degrees of azotaemia. When compared with normal subjects, the azotaemic patients showed a significant decrease in deoxycholic acid. Analysis of faecal bile acids of a patient with low intestinal deoxycholic acid also showed low deoxycholic acid with a preponderance of primary bile acids, and contrast with faecal bile acids of a normal subject and a patient with normal intestinal deoxycholic acid. It is suggested that impairment of deconjugation or 7alpha-dehydroxylation might be contributing to the low deoxycholic acid observed in azotaemic patients. Unusual bile acids: ursodeoxycholic acid, 3-hydroxy-7-keto-cholanic acid, and 3,12-dihydroxy-7-keto-cholanic acid were also noted in intestinal aspirates of azotaemic patients. The presence of these bile acids in conjunction with low deoxycholic acid correlates with the symptom of diarrhoea in azotaemic patients, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of diarrhoea in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of the conjugated bile acid distribution in human intestinal aspirates using gas liquid chromatography.

The conjugated bile acid pattern was evaluated in intestinal aspirates of five normal subjects and five patients known to have an abnormal bile acid distribution. The glycine/taurine (G/T) ratios for total bile acids were determined by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and by enzymatic assay using 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (STDH). By both methods G/T ratios in normal samples approximated 3.0 as previously reported. A discrepancy between ratio values obtained by the two methods was found in patient samples. It is suggested that the presence of keto bile acids in patient aspirates correlates with this discrepancy. The G/T ratios for individual bile acids were obtained by GLC. The G/T ratio for cholic acid was higher than previously reported. Recovery studies showed that a loss of taurocholic acid in the extraction procedure employed did not account for the high G/T-cholic acid.

Bile Acids and Salts↗