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Biomedical subjects

S J Goldsmith

Publications and source records attributed to S J Goldsmith.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Increased focal uptake of Tc-99m-IDA hepatobiliary agent by a liver metastasis.

A patient with fever and right upper quadrant abdominal pain referred for a hepatobiliary scan. TC-99m-PIPIDA scanning revealed a hypervascular hepatic focus that persisted as a "hot spot" in delayed views. Ga-67-citrate scanning revealed increased uptake in the same hepatic focus. The patient suddenly died. Postmortem examination revealed that this abnormal site represented a necrotic tumor histologically compatible with metastatic breast carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

The use of technetium-99m sulfur colloid as a marker for experimental venous thrombosis: concise communication.

The binding of technetium-99m sulfur colloid to in vivo thrombi was studied in a rat model of deep vein thrombosis. After thrombosis was induced by mechanical traumatization of a right femoral vein segment, technetium-99m sulfur colloid was injected into the peripheral veins of different experimental groups at intervals of 30 min and 1-7 days. Ratios of mean activity in traumatized right femoral vein segment to activity in control segments of left femoral vein (R/L ratios) ranged form 2.97-11.0 for all in situ venous thrombi studied. There was no relation between clot size and R/L ratios. The significant uptake ratios observed by us for venous thrombi up to 1 wk in age suggest that in vivo thrombus detection may be feasible by imaging with a gamma camera after technetium-99m sulfur colloid injection in a peripheral vein.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Ventilation-perfusion mismatch due to obstruction of pulmonary vein.

A lobar perfusion defect in the presence of a normal arterial phase in the pulmonary angiogram may be due to stasis secondary to compression of a pulmonary vein by a hilar or perihilar mass. In this report we present a patient with metastasis to the right lung and hilum by malignant melanoma. A lobar perfusion defect was present in an area of lung tht appeared normal by radiograph. This defect was shown to be due to stagnating blood flow reflected by delayed intense capillary phase in that lobe and late opacification of the corresponding draining vein.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Sickle cell crisis as evaluated from measurements of hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and myoglobin in plasma.

Data on plasma hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase activity (I) and myoglobin concentration were used to evaluate painful sickle cell crises. I was increased during non-crisis steady state in patients with sickle cell disease as compared to normal values (232, SD 79.7 vs 85, SD 33 Sigma units/mL). During crisis, the mean value for I increased further to 379 (SD 139) Sigma units/mL. For 12 patients evaluated both during steady state and crisis, there was a mean increase in plasma I of 131% (SD 76%). Repeated determinations of I in sickle cell disease patients during several months while they were in steady state showed that baseline I varied by no more than 20% from the mean. Plasma myoglobin in patients with sickle cell disease was not above normal, but during crisis 21 of 39 patients tested had increased plasma myoglobin concentrations. Our data suggest that I may be a useful indicator of sickle cell crisis when the patient's own baseline value is available for comparison. Plasma myoglobin measurements give evidence of muscle damage during crisis with high specificity but low sensitivity.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1980

Complimentary roles of cardiac ultrasound and cardiovascular nuclear medicine.

This review is directed at the clinically useful highlights of ultrasound and radionuclide testing in adults with coronary and valvular heart disease, intracardiac shunts, and hypertrophic and congestive cardiomyopathies. As a clinical toto, the radionuclide procedures are currently more useful than ultrasound examination in evaluating patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. This includes both primary diagnosis and the more accurate estimation of left ventricular function in the presence of segmental asynergy. In patients with valvular disease, the radionuclide procedures are only indirectly useful, while the ultrasound examination is more often diagnostic. These two techniques are complimentary to one another in their ability to noninvasively evaluate and monitor both chamber size and ventricular function in virtually all patients. Recent research involving noninvasive ventricular imaging during physiologic and pharmacologic intervention holds promise for a more sophisticated noninvasive approach to patient management.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1975

Radioimmunoassay: review of basic principles.

The development of radioimmunoassay by the late Solomon A. Berson and Rosalyn S. Yalow during the late 1950s represents a milestone in the history of the application of radionuclide methodology to biology and to medical investigation and practice. The method offers a technique to assay materials otherwise unmeasureable or detectable only with difficulty. Radioimmunoassay is based upon the competition between labeled and unlabeled antigen for specific antibody sites, forming antigen-antibody complexes. This reaction is described by the expression see journal for formula. At equilibirum, the radioactive complex (bound) is separated from the radioactive antigen (free). The B/F ratio is dependent upon the amount of nonradioactive antigen. Antigen concentration in unknown samples is determined by comparing the B/F ratio to the B/F ratios obtained by incubating varying amounts of known nonradioactive antigen with the same amount of antibody as in the unknown sample under similar assay conditions. Sensitivity of the order of 10-12 moles/liter may be achieved through the preparation and use of a labeled antigen of high specific activity and the production and selection of antisera with appropriately high affinity constants. Specificity is dependent upon the ability of the antiserum to recognize subtle structural features of the antigen molecule. The ability to conveniently assay large numbers of samples with good precision has led to the application of this technique to quantitate substances (such as steroids) already measurable but by more cumbersome methods. Since the initial description of competitive binding radioassay techniques, there have been numerous contributions to its further development, refinement, and application. This article reviews the conception and development of this invaluable contribution to our understanding of health and disease.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Noninvasive imaging of 99mtechnetium-labeled low density lipoprotein uptake by tendon xanthomas in hypercholesterolemic patients.

Technetium-labeled low density lipoproteins (Tc-LDL) appear to be useful for describing LDL biodistribution in normal and dyslipidemic subjects. We injected 99mTc-LDL into subjects with large tendon xanthomas secondary to homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia or sitosterolemia. Rapid (4 hours) accumulation of Tc-99m activity in xanthomas was observed, and this accumulation increased over a 24-hour period. No comparable accumulations of Tc-99m activity were noted in normal subjects or in a subject with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia who had very small tendon xanthomas. These findings support previous biopsy data indicating active uptake of LDL by macrophages within xanthoma and suggest that 99mTc-LDL imaging of xanthomas may be useful in studies of the effects of diet and drugs on the accumulation of lipoproteins by atherosclerotic plaques.

Adolescent↗