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S J Darmoni

Publications and source records attributed to S J Darmoni.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[HERETAIN: a computer-assisted diagnosis system for hereditary retinal syndromes].

The diagnosis of hereditary retinal syndromes may be difficult for a physician because of their number and variability. A computer assisted diagnosis of these syndromes can be useful in such cases. We used an identification software (XPER) for this purpose. The data base contains more than 67,000 elementary data that enable us to define 115 hereditary retinal syndromes. The knowledge is not represented by description of typical cases or diagnostic procedure rules but by structured description of syndromes defined by the group of experts. This CAI software is characterised by specific optimising procedures, deductive algorithms and dissimilarities calculus and enables very fast diagnoses by limiting the number of complementary analyses and thus the cost of this research. This system is extensible and justifies all its conclusions, its user-friendly data representation makes it accessible for any physician even if he does not master computers. The selected pathology field seems very suitable to developing a computer assisted diagnosis system: many low frequency syndromes, meaningful precise diagnosis for genetic and professional counseling, therapeutic expectations due to progress in molecular genetics. According to the authors, HERETAIN is one of the largest computer assisted decision support systems in ophthalmology.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1992

Computer-aided decision support in hepatology.

The aim of this study was to describe and to evaluate the publications of the last 30 years devoted to computer-aided decision support in clinical hepatology. The search used Medlars and references of articles. Computer-aided decision support (CADS) was classified in two categories: statistical systems and knowledge-based systems. Two specific questionnaires were used for methodologic evaluation, one for statistical systems and one for knowledge-based systems. They were filled out independently by two observers. A total of 31 papers were selected among 55 identified between 1960 and 1991. The maximum possible for the two scores was 24. The methodologic quality ranged from 4 to 22 (median, 12) for statistical systems and from 8 to 12 (median, 9) for knowledge-based systems. The poor level of methodology could explain in part the lack of utilization of computer-aided decision support in the daily clinical practice of hepatologists.

Bayes Theorem↗
PubMed1991

[System of decision support in obstetrics. The computerization of prenatal consultations].

The aim of this study was to realize a prototype of a computer-aided decision support for prenatal visits. He has been developped on a microcomputer. We used procedural programming to represent the medical knowledge. This prototype has several interfaced units: a computerized prenatal record, the computing of quantitative variables (term, fetal biometry, uterine height) and the two computer-aided units (preterm births and modelization of weight gain during pregnancy). The next step will be the medical evaluation of this computer-aided decision support in obstetrics.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1990

[What to expect from expert systems for the diagnosis of functional bowel disorders].

The goal of this study was to evaluate the computer-aided diagnosis systems used for functional intestinal disorders published between 1970 and 1989. The methodology of all prospective studies published was evaluated using a score system of 12 items, filled in by two independent observers. A total of 10 studies were identified. None of the systems studied could truly be considered as an expert system. Most systems were not methodologically sound and the median score was 11 of a possible total of 24. The two principal characteristics of functional intestinal disorders are their high prevalence and the absence of objective diagnostic criteria. Taking these two facts into consideration when elaborating a diagnostic method, expert systems should be useful for teaching purposes and for conducting prospective epidemiologic or therapeutic studies. It seems too early, however, to consider the use of veritable expert systems as an aid to the practitioner in daily practice.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

[Development of an expert system as a teaching aid in the serological diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis].

The serological diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis is complex for both practitioners and students. We have developed an expert system to teach the serological diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis in order to help non-specialists in deciding on the diagnosis. Three levels of increasing difficulty have been devised. The procedure consists of the following steps: choice of first-line examinations; discontinuation of the examinations in cases where the diagnosis is ascertained; choice of the most discriminant examination in cases where the diagnosis is doubtful. The value of this computer-assisted teaching must be confirmed by randomized studies involving a group of students trained by "classical" methods and a group of students trained by a computer-assisted method.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A search tool based on 'encapsulated' MeSH thesaurus to retrieve quality health resources on the internet.

In the year 2001, the Internet has become a major source of health information for the health professional and the Netizen. The objective of Doc' CISMeF (D'C) was to create a powerful generic search tool based on a structured information model which 'encapsulates' the MeSH thesaurus to index and retrieve quality health resources on the Internet. To index resources, D'C uses four sections in its information model: 'meta-term', keyword, subheading, and resource type. Two search options are available: simple and advanced. The simple search requires the end-user to input a single term or expression. If this term belongs to the D'C information structure model, it will be exploded. If not, a full-text search is performed. In the advanced search, complex searches are possible combining Boolean operators with meta-terms, keywords, subheadings and resource types. D'C uses two standard tools for organising information: the MeSH thesaurus and the Dublin Core metadata format. Resources included in D'C are described according to the following elements: title, author or creator, subject and keywords, description, publishers, date, resource type, format, identifier, and language.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cost effectiveness of a medical digital library.

The rapid increase in the price of electronic journals has made the optimization of collection management an urgent task. As there is currently no standard procedure for the evaluation of this problem, we applied the Reading Factor (RF), an electronically computed indicator used for consultation of individual articles. The aim of our study was to assess the cost effective impact of modifications in our digital library (i.e. change of access from the Intranet to the Internet or change in editorial policy). The digital OVID library at Rouen University Hospital continues to be cost-effective in comparison with the interlibrary loan costs. Moreover, when electronic versions are offered alongside a limited amount of interlibrary loans, a reduction in library costs was observed.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[CISMeF: catalog and index of French-speaking medical sites].

The Internet has now become a major source of health information. The aim of CISMeF is to catalogue and index the main French-speaking sites and documents concerning health. This project was initiated by Rouen University Hospital. Its URL is http://www.chu-rouen.fr/cismef. CISMeF covers all areas of health care and medical sciences, and is indexed both alphabetically and according to subject. It was set up on a Sun workstation under the Sun UNIX operating system and is entirely based on static HTML. By May 1999, the number of sites and documents indexed was already over 6,500, with a mean of 75 new sites added each week. CISMeF is updated via a five-step process: resource collection, filtering, description, classification, and indexing. The Net Scoring criteria are used to assess the quality of health information on the Internet. These criteria concern eight categories: credibility, content, links, design, interactivity, quantitative aspects, ethics and accessibility. CISMeF uses two standard tools to organize information: the MeSH (medical subject heading) thesaurus from the Medline reference database (National Library of Medicine, USA) and the Dublin core metadata format. The sites and documents included in CISMeF are described using the following elements from the Dublin core project: title, author or creator, subject and keywords, description, publisher, date, resource type, format, identifier, and language.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computer-assisted model of weight gain during pregnancy].

The goal of this study was to modelize the evolution of "ideal" weight gain during pregnancy and to generate automatically the appropriate diet. This computerized model has been developed on a microcomputer and has two units: the first unit calculates the "ideal" weight gain during pregnancy, based on the curves of Rosso which show that weight gain is not linear with term and depends of the prepregnancy weight. The second unit calculates the appropriate diet which is depending for the first visit on height, prepregnancy weight and weight gain and for the followed visits on weight gain and the diet situation of the previous visit. The next step will be the medical evaluation of this computer-aided modelization of weight gain during pregnancy.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of digestive endoscopic examination in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (45 cases)].

45 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied with gastrointestinal endoscopy (42 upper endoscopies and 12 colonoscopies). 28 patients had skin or buccal Kaposi's sarcoma with or without opportunistic infections and 17 had opportunistic infections. 12 patients out of 45 (27 per cent) had 1 or several Kaposi's sarcoma macroscopic gastrointestinal localisations, 12 documented by upper endoscopy and 4 by colonoscopy. Endoscopic biopsies confirmed the diagnosis 5 times out of 16 (31 per cent). 16 patients (38 per cent) had candidosis oesophagitis, 1 had ulcerative antritis, 2 had a erythematosus duodenitis, 6 had diffuse inflammatory mucosal colonic changes. The specific abnormalities documented by histology were 1 case of total villous atrophy and 2 cases of cytomegalovirus colitis. The patients with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma have more often shown gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma than the patients without Kaposi's sarcoma. The prevalence of tumoral or major (diffuse candidosis oesophagitis, ulcerative antritis, active colitis) endoscopic abnormalities documented by upper endoscopy was 40 per cent (10 cases out of 25) in asymptomatic patients, 43 per cent in diarrheic patients (3 cases out of 7) and 60 per cent (6 cases out of 10) in patients with dysphagia, epigastralgic pain or vomiting and that of documented by colonoscopy was 75 per cent (3 cases out of 4) in patients with mucus or bloody stools and 14 per cent (1 case out of 7) in diarrheic patients. The main result of the endoscopy on AIDS patients has therefore been the diagnosis of visceral localisations of Kaposi's sarcoma. The appearance of the secondary major lesions related to opportunistic infections is unusual, especially in asymptomatic patients. A systematic endoscopy on these patients remains a disputed question.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗