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Biomedical subjects

S J Cunningham

Publications and source records attributed to S J Cunningham.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Relaxation prophylaxis for childhood migraine: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

A randomized controlled trial was used to evaluate the effectiveness of relaxation training in the treatment of paediatric migraine. Relaxation training was compared with-two control groups (psychological placebo and 'own best efforts') in a total of 99 children and adolescents with frequent migraine. Daily recording of the headaches following treatment, three months after treatment and at the one-year follow-up indicated that all three treatments were equally effective. The importance of the use of adequate control conditions which generate equivalent expectancies in pain treatment research was confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Breast reduction utilizing the maximally vascularized central breast pedicle.

Experience using a maximally vascularized central breast pedicle to nourish the nipple-areola is presented. The pedicle is designed to incorporate vascular contributions from the lateral thoracic artery, intercostal perforators, internal mammary perforators, and thoracoacromial artery by means of the pectoralis major muscle. The basic technique is as follows: First, the areola is incised and 2-cm-thick skin and subcutaneous flaps are dissected medially, laterally, and superiorly, freeing the entire central breast mound. Second, the breast is reduced in a "Christmas tree" manner, being careful not to narrow the base of the pedicle. Third, excess skin and subcutaneous tissue is excised inferomedially and laterally and the nipple is inset into proper locations. The advantages of this technique are (1) large and small reductions can be done, (2) pedicle length does not appear to be a problem, and (3) the central mound gives the forward projection needed for good contour and good aesthetic results. Sixty-five patients with follow-up to 4 years are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Assistive devices: utilization by children.

The use of assistive devices by children has become widespread and has been supported financially by insurance carriers and governments. However, there has been little evaluation of the utilization of these devices. To determine utilization of, satisfaction with, and perceived value of the aid, an independent evaluator contacted 502 families who had used a provincial government funding program to obtain an assistive device. High levels of use, satisfaction, and perceived value were reported, indicating that a decentralized funding program can provide aids effectively.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Pharyngoesophageal stricture and fistula. Treatment by free jejunal graft.

Fifty-five patients with disorders of the pharynx or cervical esophagus requiring extensive ablative therapy were reconstructed by heterotopic autotransplantation of a segment of jejunum. Of these 55 patients, the overwhelming majority were treated for squamous cell carcinoma or the complications of combined radiation and operative therapy. There were six graft failures in the entire group of 55 patients for a transfer reliability of 90%. Three patients died in the perioperative period (5%). The purpose of this paper is to report on the treatment of a subset of these patients in whom fixed cicatricial stenosis of the gullet was the problem or in whom a radionecrotic cutaneous fistula existed. Fourteen such patients were treated, ten with stricture and four with fistula. Both patch grafts of on-lay segments and more routine circumferentially intact tubed segments of jejunum were used depending upon the nature of the defect. The youngest patient in this group was a 3-year-old juvenile diabetic with caustic stricture and the oldest was a 75-year-old man with fixed stricture following operation and radiation for cancer. Nine of ten and four of four anatomic reconstructions were successful in the stricture and fistula patients, respectively. All of these 13 patients with a neo- gullet of jejunum were able to handle secretions and liquids satisfactorily. Eleven patients were on a regular diet and had no discernible physiological impairment in alimentation. One patient had mild dysphagia and used a blenderized diet. One patient was able to swallow liquids only. In this patient the resection for tumor was so high and so extensive that the physiologic act of deglutition itself was impaired. There were no perioperative deaths, although one patient has succumbed to recurrent and metastatic carcinoma. When conventional treatment for stricture or fistula in the cervical alimentary tract has failed, reconstruction can be accomplished safely by free revascularized jejunal graft. Successful alimentation can be anticipated in all patients in whom the physiologic mechanism of deglutition itself is not drastically impaired.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gorlin's syndrome: main features and recent advances.

Gorlin's syndrome embraces a constellation of cranial, maxillofacial and systemic disorders, which may have a serious effect on both the morbidity and mortality of the patients. Recent work has identified that the disorder is caused by a mutation within a tumour suppressor gene.

Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome↗