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Biomedical subjects

S J Baum

Publications and source records attributed to S J Baum.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Symptomatology of acute radiation effects in humans after exposure to doses of 0.5-30 Gy.

This article distills from available data descriptions of typical human symptoms in reaction to prompt total-body ionizing radiation in the dose range 0.5 to 30 Gy midline body tissue. The symptoms are correlated with dose and time over the acute postexposure period of 6 wk. The purpose is to provide a symptomatology basis for assessing early functional impairment of individuals who may be involved in civil defense, emergency medical care and various military activities in the event of a nuclear attack. The dose range is divided into eight subranges associated with important pathophysiological events. For each subrange, signs and symptoms are designated including estimates of symptom onset, severity, duration and incidence.

Accidents↗
PubMed1981

Effect of low-dose irradiation on pregnant mouse haemopoiesis.

The effects of low-dose gamma radiation to haemopoietic progenitor cell compartments of the marrow and spleen of virgin female mice and pregnant mice were studied. Microplasma clot cultures were used to asses burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E) and colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E) activity, and double-layer agar cultures were established to evaluate granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell (GM-CFC) and macrophage colony-forming cell (M-CFC). The apparent shift in maternal erythropoiesis from the bone marrow to the enlarged spleen was reflected by an increase in the numbers of CFU-E and BFU-E per spleen and a concomitant decrease in CFU-E and BFU-E per femur. Whereas maternal GM-CFC values per femur increased 36%, maternal GM-CFC per spleen increased by 172% compared to virgin values. There was a greater decrease in M-CFC per spleen than per femur in the pregnant animal when values were compared to the virgin animal. Total-body irradiation to the day-10.5 pregnant mouse caused a further suppression of day-14.5 medullary erythropoiesis (i.e. decreased CFU-E values) compared to the response of the virgin female mouse. An ability of the maternal spleen to support further compensatory erythropoiesis following increasing doses of radiation was demonstrated. 4 d after 1.0 Gy exposure, maternal values for GM-CFC per femur or spleen decreased to nonirradiated virgin mice values. M-CFC per maternal femur decreased following 1.5 Gy, but M-CFC per spleen appeared to be unaffected with doses from 0.5 to 2.0 Gy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Stimulatory effects of products from inflammatory exudates upon stem cell production.

The present study is based on the hypothesis that a humoral agent produced in inflammatory exudates is transported to the bone marrow where it stimulates CFU-S to differentiate into leukocytic precursors. Inflammatory exudates were produced by the subcutaneous implantation of a sterile acrylic cup filled with bacteria-free Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS) into B6D2F1 mice. The cups were removed 24 h later and the cells were separated from the supernatant. Cells collected from individual mice were pooled, as was the supernatant. Thereafter, normal mice received via tail vein either exudate cells, supernatant, plasma from cup-implanted or from normal mice, bone marrow cells or splenic cells from normal animals or HBSS. Another 24 h later bone marrow was removed from all mice and injected into previously lethally irradiated mice or suspended in vitro in agar-supported media. Nine days later the mice were euthanatized, the spleens removed, and colonies (CFU-S) counted. At the same time, colonies (CFU-C) were enumerated from the agar plates. The results clearly indicate that the bone marrow obtained from mice stimulated with either exudate cells or with super-natant or plasma obtained from cup-implanted mice contained a significantly greater number of CFU-S and CFU-C than did any one of the four control groups. These findings appear to substantiate the hypothesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Nasal projection.

The challenge of enduring tip projection is met with the use of a septal cartilage graft between the medial crura. With suturing, a "sandwich" is created composed of the two medial crura and the graft between them. The sandwich can be trimmed as necessary, in accordance with the surgeon's taste requirements for good tip profile and projection. The graft allows much more projection than from the medial crura alone. We describe the Goldman technique of rim incisions, delivery of the lower lateral cartilages, bisection of each, and then creation of the sandwich. The technique has been performed on more than 40 patients, in most of whom the results have remained successful more than six months postoperatively. The results indicate excellent fixation of the projected tip with maintenance of position, strength, and form. The indications for this tip technique are the classical ones for medial crura projection, such as hypoplastic tip cartilages, short columella revision rhinoplasty, and most importantly, the increase of real projection not attained by simple rotation.

Cartilage↗